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{{Short description|Superorder of fishes}} |
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{{Unreferenced stub|type=fish|auto=yes|date=December 2009}} |
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{{Taxobox | name = Elopomorpha |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
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| fossil_range = [[Early Jurassic]] to present, {{fossilrange|201.3|0}} |
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| image = Anguilla anguilla.jpg |
| image = Anguilla anguilla.jpg |
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| image_width = 240px |
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| image_caption = ''[[Anguilla anguilla]]'' |
| image_caption = ''[[Anguilla anguilla]]'' |
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| taxon = Elopomorpha |
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| authority = Greenwood et al. 1966 |
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| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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| synonyms = |
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| classis = [[Actinopterygii]] |
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* Taeniopaedia <small>Greenwood et al. 1967 sensu Nelson 1973</small> |
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| Division = '''Teleostei''' |
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* Elopocephalai <small>Patterson 1977 sensu Arratia 1999</small> |
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| subdivision_ranks = '''Elopomorpha |
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| Order = [[Elopiformes]]<br> [[Albuliformes]]<br> [[Notacanthiformes]]<br> [[Anguilliformes]]<br> [[Saccopharyngiformes]] |
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}} |
}} |
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The superorder Elopomorpha contains a variety of types of fishes that range from typical silvery-colored species, such as the tarpons and ladyfishes of the [[Elopiformes]] and the bonefishes of the [[Albuliformes]], to the long and slender, smooth-bodied eels of the [[Anguilliformes]]. The one characteristic uniting this group of fishes is they all have [[leptocephalus]] larvae, which are unique to the Elopomorpha. No other fishes have this type of larvae. |
The superorder '''Elopomorpha''' contains a variety of types of fishes that range from typical silvery-colored species, such as the tarpons and ladyfishes of the [[Elopiformes]] and the bonefishes of the [[Albuliformes]], to the long and slender, smooth-bodied eels of the [[Anguilliformes]]. The one characteristic uniting this group of fishes is they all have [[leptocephalus]] larvae, which are unique to the Elopomorpha. No other fishes have this type of larvae. |
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==Taxonomy== |
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The '''Elopomorpha''' are a group of [[Teleostei]] fishes were historically separated into: |
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The '''Elopomorpha''' are a group of [[Teleostei|teleost]] fishes and are separated into several orders.<ref name="Nelson">{{cite book|last1=Nelson|first1=Joseph S.|last2=Grande|first2=Terry C.|last3=Wilson|first3=Mark V. H.|year=2016|title=''Fishes of the World''|edition=5th|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|isbn=9781118342336}}</ref><ref name="mikko">{{cite web|website=Mikko's Phylogeny Archive|last=Haaramo|first=Mikko|year=2007|title=''Teleocephala'' |url=http://www.helsinki.fi/~mhaaramo/metazoa/deuterostoma/chordata/actinopterygii/teleocephala.html |access-date= 30 December 2016}}</ref><ref name="van der Laan">{{cite journal|last=van der Laan|first=Richard|year=2016|title=''Family-group names of fossil fishes''|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303911230}}</ref> |
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{{cladogram|title=Cladogram of living Elopomorpha<ref name="Deepfin">{{cite web|website=[[Deepfin]]|author=Betancur-Rodriguez, R.|display-authors=etal|year=2016|title=''Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes Version 4''|url=https://sites.google.com/site/guilleorti/classification-v-4|access-date=30 December 2016|archive-date=11 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711171156/https://sites.google.com/site/guilleorti/classification-v-4|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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*[[Elopiformes]] |
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|{{clade |
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**[[Elopidae]] |
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|label1='''Elopomorpha''' |
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**[[Megalopidae]] |
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|1={{clade |
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*[[Albuliformes]] |
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|1=[[Elopiformes]]<span style="{{MirrorH}}">[[File:Tarpon (PSF).png|70 px]]</span> |
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**[[Albulidae]] |
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|2={{clade |
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*[[Notacanthiformes]] |
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|1=[[Albuliformes]][[File:Pterothrissus gissu1.jpg|70px]] |
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**[[Halosauridae]] |
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|2={{clade |
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**[[Notacanthidae]] |
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|1=[[Notacanthiformes]] |
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*[[Anguilliformes]] |
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|2=[[Anguilliformes]]<span style="{{MirrorH}}">[[File:Conger conger Gervais.jpg|70px]]</span> |
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**[[Anguilloidei]] |
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}} |
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**[[Nemichthyoidei]] |
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}} |
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**[[Congroidei]] |
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}} |
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**[[Synaphobranchoidei]] |
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}} |
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*[[Saccopharyngiformes]] |
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}} |
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**[[Cyematidae]] |
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**[[Saccopharyngidae]] |
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**[[Eurypharyngidae]] |
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**[[Monognathidae]] |
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*[[Crossognathiformes]](†) |
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* Genus †''[[Bullichthys]]'' <small>Mayrincka, Britob & Otero 2010</small> |
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Recent molecular genetic data have shown, however, the Notocanthiformes are part of the Albuliformes, and the Saccopharyngiformes are part of the Anguilliformes. |
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* Genus †''[[Eichstaettia]]'' <small>Arratia 1987</small> |
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* Genus †''[[Eoenchelys]]'' <small>Lu 1994</small> |
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* Genus †''[[Elopomorphorum]]'' <small>Weiler ex Martin & Weiler 1954</small> [Otolith] |
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* Order [[Elopiformes]] <small>Gosline 1960</small> |
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** Family †[[Anaethaliidae]] <small>Gaudant 1968</small> |
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** Suborder Elopoidei |
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*** Family [[Protelopidae]] <small>de Saint Seine 1949</small> |
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*** Family [[Elopidae]] <small>Bonaparte 1832/Valenciennes 1847</small> ([[tenpounder]]s, [[ladyfish]]es) |
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*** Family [[Megalopidae]] <small>Jordan 1882</small> ([[Tarpon]]s) |
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* Order [[Albuliformes]] <small>Greenwood et al. 1966 sensu Forey et al. 1996</small> |
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** Family †[[Phyllodontidae]] <small>Sauvage 1875 corrig. Jordan 1923</small> |
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** Family [[Albulidae]] <small>Bleeker 1849</small> ([[Japanese gissu]] and [[bonefish]]es) |
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* Order [[Notacanthiformes]] <small>Goodrich 1909</small> |
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** [[Halosauridae]] <small>Günther 1868</small> |
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** [[Notacanthidae]] <small>Rafinesque 1810</small> (Deep sea spiny eels) |
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* Order [[Anguilliformes]] |
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** Family †[[Derrhiidae]] <small>Jordan 1925b</small> |
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** Family †[[Libanechelyidae]] <small>Taverne 2004</small> |
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** Family †[[Anguillavidae]] <small>Hay 1903</small> |
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** Family †[[Urenchelyidae]] <small>Jordan 1905</small> |
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** Suborder Protanguilloidei |
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*** Family [[Protanguillidae]] <small>Johnson, Ida & Miya 2011</small> (primitive cave eels) |
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** Suborder [[Synaphobranchoidei]] |
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*** Family [[Synaphobranchidae]] <small>Johnson 1862</small> (cutthroat eels) |
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** Suborder Muraenoidei <small>Risso 1826</small> |
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*** Family †[[Georgidentidae]] <small>Sychevskaya & Prokofiev 2003</small> |
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*** Family [[Pythonichthyidae]] <small>Böhlke 1966</small> (mud eels) |
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*** Family [[Myrocongridae]] <small>Gill 1890</small> |
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*** Family [[Muraenidae]] <small>Rafinesque 1815</small> (moray eels) |
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** Suborder Chlopsoidei |
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*** Family [[Chlopsidae]] <small>Rafinesque 1815</small> |
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** Suborder [[Congroidei]] <small>Kaup 1856</small> |
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*** Family †[[Parachelidae]] <small>Casier 1967</small> |
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*** Family [[Ophichthidae]] <small>Günther 1870</small> (snake eels & worm eels) |
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*** Family [[Derichthyidae]] <small>Gill 1884</small> (longneck eels) |
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*** Family [[Muraenesocidae]] <small>Kaup 1859</small> (pike congers) |
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*** Family [[Nettastomatidae]] <small>Kaup 1859</small> (duckbill eels) |
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*** Family [[Congridae]] <small>Kaup 1856</small> (conger eels) |
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** Suborder Moringuoidei |
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*** Family [[Moringuidae]] <small>Gill 1885</small> |
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** Suborder [[Anguilloidei]] <small>Regan 1909</small> |
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*** Family †[[Anguilloididae]] <small>Blot 1978</small> |
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*** Family †[[Milananguillidae]] <small>Blot 1978</small> |
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*** Family †[[Mylomyridae]] <small>Berg 1940</small> |
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*** Family †[[Nardoechelyidae]] <small>Taverne & Capasso 2014</small> |
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*** Family †[[Paranguillidae]] <small>Blot 1980</small> |
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*** Family †[[Patavichthyidae]] <small>Blot 1981</small> |
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*** Family †[[Proteomyridae]] <small>Blot 1980</small> |
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*** Family [[Nemichthyidae]] <small>Günther 1870</small> (snipe eels) |
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*** Family [[Serrivomeridae]] <small>Roule 1929</small> (sawtooth eels) |
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*** Family [[Anguillidae]] <small>Rafinesque 1810</small> (freshwater eels) |
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** Suborder Saccopharyngoidei <small>Robins 1989</small> |
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*** Family [[Cyematidae]] <small>Regan 1912</small> (bobtail snipe eels) |
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*** Family [[Saccopharyngidae]] <small>Bleeker 1859</small> |
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*** Family [[Eurypharyngidae]] <small>Gill 1883</small> (pelican eels, umbrellamouth gulpers) |
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*** Family [[Monognathidae]] <small>Bertin 1936</small> (onejaw gulpers) |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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*{{Wikispecies-inline|Elopomorpha}} |
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{{Actinopterygii}} |
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{{Elopomorpha|state=collapsed}} |
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{{diversity of fish}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q149107}} |
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[[Category:Elopomorpha| ]] |
[[Category:Elopomorpha| ]] |
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[[Category:Fish superorders]] |
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{{ |
{{Rayfinned-fish-stub}} |
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| Elopomorpha
Temporal range: Early Jurassic to present, 201.3–0 Ma
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| Anguilla anguilla | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Division: | Teleostei |
| Superorder: | Elopomorpha Greenwood et al. 1966 |
| Synonyms | |
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The superorder Elopomorpha contains a variety of types of fishes that range from typical silvery-colored species, such as the tarpons and ladyfishes of the Elopiformes and the bonefishes of the Albuliformes, to the long and slender, smooth-bodied eels of the Anguilliformes. The one characteristic uniting this group of fishes is they all have leptocephalus larvae, which are unique to the Elopomorpha. No other fishes have this type of larvae.
The Elopomorpha are a group of teleost fishes and are separated into several orders.[1][2][3]
| Cladogram of living Elopomorpha[4] | |||
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{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Data related to Elopomorpha at Wikispecies|
Elopomorph genera
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| About fish |
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| Anatomy and physiology |
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| Sensory systems |
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| Reproduction |
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| Locomotion |
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| Other behaviour |
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| Byhabitat |
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| Other types |
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| Commerce |
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| Major groups |
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| Lists |
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| Elopomorpha |
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