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{{Short description|Emperor of Japan from 1747 to 1762}} |
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox royalty |
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| name = Momozono |
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| name = Emperor Momozono<br>{{nobold|{{lang|ja|桃園天皇}}}} |
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| image = Emperor Momozono.jpg |
| image = Emperor Momozono.jpg |
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| caption = |
| caption = |
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| succession = [[Emperor of Japan]] |
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| reign = 9 June 1747 – 1762 |
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| coronation = |
| coronation = |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
| predecessor = [[Emperor Sakuramachi|Sakuramachi]] |
| predecessor = [[Emperor Sakuramachi|Sakuramachi]] |
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| successor = [[Empress Go-Sakuramachi|Go-Sakuramachi]] |
| successor = [[Empress Go-Sakuramachi|Go-Sakuramachi]] |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | | regent = {{Collapsible list|title=''See list''|1=[[Tokugawa Ieshige]]<br/>(1747–1760)<br/>[[Tokugawa Ieharu]]<br/>(1760–1762)}} |
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| posthumous name = [[Posthumous name#Tsuigō|''Tsuigō'']]:<br/>Emperor Momozono ({{lang|ja|桃園院}} or {{lang|ja|桃園天皇}}) |
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| spouse = Ichijō Tomiko |
| spouse = Ichijō Tomiko |
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| issue = [[Emperor Go-Momozono]]<br>Prince Sadamochi |
| issue = [[Emperor Go-Momozono]]<br>Prince Sadamochi |
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| royal house = [[Imperial House of Japan |
| royal house = [[Imperial House of Japan]] |
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| father = [[Emperor Sakuramachi]] |
| father = [[Emperor Sakuramachi]] |
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| mother = Anegakōji Sadako |
| mother = Anegakōji Sadako |
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| birth_name = {{nihongo| |
| birth_name = {{nihongo|Tōhito|遐仁}} |
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| birth_date = {{birth date| |
| birth_date = {{birth date|1742|4|14|df=y}} |
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| birth_place = |
| birth_place = [[Kyoto]], [[Tokugawa shogunate]] |
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| death_date = {{death date and age|1762|8|31| |
| death_date = {{death date and age|1762|8|31|1742|4|14|df=y}} |
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| death_place = |
| death_place = Kyoto, Tokugawa shogunate |
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| place of burial= ''[[Tsuki no wa no misasagi]]'', |
| place of burial= ''[[Tsuki no wa no misasagi]]'', Kyoto |
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| signature = [[File:MomozonoShinsho.png|60px]] |
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|}} |
|}} |
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{{Nihongo|''' |
{{Nihongo|'''Tōhito'''|遐仁|lead=yes|4=14 April 1742 – 31 August 1762}}, posthumously honored as {{Nihongo|'''Emperor Momozono'''|桃園天皇|Momozono-tennō}}, was the 116th [[emperor of Japan]], according to the traditional [[List of Emperors of Japan|order of succession]].<ref name="kunaicho">[[Imperial Household Agency]] (''Kunaichō''): [http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/ryobo/guide/115/index.html 桃園天皇 (115)]</ref><ref name="ponsonby118">Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan'', pp. 119–120.</ref> Momozono's reign spanned the years from 1747 until his death in 1762.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:OCLC63259938 ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', pp. 418–419.]</ref> Momozono's reign was mostly quiet, with only one incident occurring that involved a small number of Kuge who advocated for the restoration of direct Imperial rule. These Kuge were punished by the [[shōgun]], who held de facto power in the country. |
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Momozono fathered two sons with his one and only lady in waiting, but he died at a young age in 1762. The line of succession fell to Momozono's sister, Princess Toshiko, who became [[Empress Go-Sakuramachi]]. Due to the young age of Momozono's sons, she also became empress regent to the future [[Emperor Go-Momozono]] until he became of age to rule. |
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==Events of Momozono's life== |
==Events of Momozono's life== |
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===Early life=== |
===Early life=== |
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Before Momozono's ascension to the [[Chrysanthemum Throne]], his personal name (''[[imina]]'') was {{nihongo|Toohito|遐仁}}.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, p. 10; Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ& |
Before Momozono's ascension to the [[Chrysanthemum Throne]], his personal name (''[[imina]]'') was {{nihongo|Toohito|遐仁}}.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, p. 10; Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:OCLC63259938 p. 418.]</ref> Toohito was the firstborn son of [[Emperor Sakuramachi]], while his mother was a concubine named Sadako (定子) (Empress Dowager Kaimei, 開明門院). His Imperial family lived with him in the [[Heian Palace#Inner Palace (Dairi)|Dairi]] of the [[Heian Palace]]. Toohito's pre-accession title was initially ''Yaho-no-miya'' (八穂宮) and later ''Sachi-no-miya'' (茶地宮). While Prince Toohito was invested as Crown Prince on 25 April 1747<ref>Meyer, Eva-Maria. (1999). [https://books.google.com/books?id=6wEvo4wBojcC&pg=PA48 ''Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit,'' p. 48.]</ref> it is unknown what other events took place in his early life other than the information provided here. |
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===Reign=== |
===Reign=== |
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Prince Toohito acceded to the throne on 9 June 1747 as Emperor when his father abdicated in his favor.<ref name="meyer48">Meyer, p. 48.</ref> The era name was then changed from [[Enkyō (Edo period)|Enkyō]] to ''[[Kan'en]]'' (meaning "Prolonging Lenience") to mark the occasion. Momozono fathered at least two sons with a [[Lady-in-waiting|court lady]] named Ichijō Tomiko during his reign. While he held the political title of ''Emperor'', it was [[figurehead|in name only]] as the [[shōgun]]s of the Tokugawa family controlled Japan. During the first year or so of Momozono's reign the first performance of the popular eleven-act puppet play ''[[Kanadehon Chūshingura]]'' was performed. The [[Chūshingura|fictionalized story]] of the play is about samurai revenge, and the 1702 vendetta of the 47 ''rōnin''.<ref>Hall, John. (1988). ''The Cambridge History of Japan,'' p. xxiii.</ref> Also of note was a [[Ryukyuan missions to Edo|Ryukyuan diplomatic mission]] from [[Shō Kei]] of the [[Ryūkyū Kingdom]] which was received by the shogunate.<ref name="titsingh418">Titsingh, p. 418.</ref> On 7 October 1749 a powerful storm struck Kyoto, and the [[keep]] of [[Nijō Castle]] burned after it was struck by lightning.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, R. (1959). ''Kyoto: the Old Capital of Japan, 794–1869,'' p. 321; Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ& |
Prince Toohito acceded to the throne on 9 June 1747 as Emperor when his father abdicated in his favor.<ref name="meyer48">Meyer, p. 48.</ref> The era name was then changed from [[Enkyō (Edo period)|Enkyō]] to ''[[Kan'en]]'' (meaning "Prolonging Lenience") to mark the occasion. Momozono fathered at least two sons with a [[Lady-in-waiting|court lady]] named Ichijō Tomiko during his reign. While he held the political title of ''Emperor'', it was [[figurehead|in name only]] as the [[shōgun]]s of the Tokugawa family controlled Japan. During the first year or so of Momozono's reign the first performance of the popular eleven-act puppet play ''[[Kanadehon Chūshingura]]'' was performed. The [[Chūshingura|fictionalized story]] of the play is about samurai revenge, and the 1702 vendetta of the 47 ''rōnin''.<ref>Hall, John. (1988). ''The Cambridge History of Japan,'' p. xxiii.</ref> Also of note was a [[Ryukyuan missions to Edo|Ryukyuan diplomatic mission]] from [[Shō Kei]] of the [[Ryūkyū Kingdom]] which was received by the shogunate.<ref name="titsingh418">Titsingh, p. 418.</ref> On 7 October 1749 a powerful storm struck Kyoto, and the [[keep]] of [[Nijō Castle]] burned after it was struck by lightning.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, R. (1959). ''Kyoto: the Old Capital of Japan, 794–1869,'' p. 321; Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:OCLC63259938 p. 418.]</ref> The era name was changed to [[Hōreki]] in 1751 to mark the death of the retired [[Emperor Sakuramachi]], and the death of the former ''shōgun'' [[Tokugawa Yoshimune]]. In the year that followed a second ''Ryukyuan diplomatic mission'' from Shō Boku of the Ryūkyū Kingdom arrived in Edo.<ref name="titsingh418"/> Momozono had no role in these missions as they were expected to pay tribute to the shogunate. |
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The [[1754 Hōreki River incident]] caused the deaths of eighty-eight people due to a harsh project ordered by the shōgun, but again the Emperor was not involved. Another incident though occurred in 1758, when a small number of [[Kuge]] were punished by the shogunate for advocating the restoration of direct Imperial rule.<ref name="ponsonby119">Ponsonby-Fane, ''Imperial House,'' p. 119.</ref> Two years later Shōgun [[Tokugawa Ieshige|Ieshige]] resigned, and his [[Tokugawa Ieharu|son]] became the 10th shōgun of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]].<ref name="titsingh419">Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ& |
The [[1754 Hōreki River incident]] caused the deaths of eighty-eight people due to a harsh project ordered by the shōgun, but again the Emperor was not involved. Another incident though occurred in 1758, when a small number of [[Kuge]] were punished by the shogunate for advocating the restoration of direct Imperial rule.<ref name="ponsonby119">Ponsonby-Fane, ''Imperial House,'' p. 119.</ref> Two years later Shōgun [[Tokugawa Ieshige|Ieshige]] resigned, and his [[Tokugawa Ieharu|son]] became the 10th shōgun of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]].<ref name="titsingh419">Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:OCLC63259938 p. 419.]</ref> In 1762, Emperor Momozono abdicated the throne in favor of his sister Imperial Princess Toshiko, who became [[Empress Go-Sakuramachi]]. His retirement did not last long as he died that same year on 31 August 1762 at the age of 20.<ref name="titsingh419"/><ref name="meyer48"/> Momozono's ''[[kami]]'' is enshrined in an Imperial mausoleum (''misasagi''), ''[[Tsuki no wa no misasagi]],'' at [[Sennyū-ji]] in [[Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto]]. Also enshrined here are Momozono's immediate Imperial predecessors since [[Emperor Go-Mizunoo]] – [[Empress Meishō|Meishō]], [[Emperor Go-Kōmyō|Go-Kōmyō]], [[Emperor Go-Sai|Go-Sai]], [[Emperor Reigen|Reigen]], [[Emperor Higashiyama|Higashiyama]], [[Emperor Nakamikado|Nakamikado]] and Sakuramachi, along with five of his immediate Imperial successors – Go-Sakuramachi, [[Emperor Go-Momozono|Go-Momozono]], [[Emperor Kōkaku|Kōkaku]], [[Emperor Ninkō|Ninkō]], and [[Emperor Kōmei|Kōmei]].<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, ''Imperial House,'' p. 423.</ref> |
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==Eras and Kugyō== |
==Eras and Kugyō== |
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The years of Momozono's reign are more specifically identified by more than one [[Japanese era names|era name]] or ''[[nengō]]''.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ& |
The years of Momozono's reign are more specifically identified by more than one [[Japanese era names|era name]] or ''[[nengō]]''.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:OCLC63259938 p. 418.]</ref> While {{nihongo|''Kugyō''|公卿}} is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the [[Emperor of Japan]] in pre-[[Meiji period|Meiji]] eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted. In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. |
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The following eras occurred during Momozono's reign: |
The following eras occurred during Momozono's reign: |
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* ''[[Horeki|Hōreki]]'' (1751–1764) |
* ''[[Horeki|Hōreki]]'' (1751–1764) |
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During Momozono's reign, this apex of the ''[[Daijō-kan]] included: |
During Momozono's reign, this apex of the ''[[Daijō-kan]]'' included: |
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* ''[[Kampaku]]'', [[Konoe Uchisaki]].<ref name="ponsonby119"/> |
* ''[[Kampaku]]'', [[Konoe Uchisaki]].<ref name="ponsonby119"/> |
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* ''[[Sadaijin]]'' |
* ''[[Sadaijin]]'' |
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==Ancestry== |
==Ancestry== |
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<ref name=descent>{{cite web|url=https://reichsarchiv.jp/%e5%ae%b6%e7%b3%bb%e3%83%aa%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88/%e5%a4%a9%e7%9a%87%e5%ae%b6#emp116|title=Genealogy|website=Reichsarchiv|access-date=20 January 2018|language=ja}}</ref> |
<ref name=descent>{{cite web|url=https://reichsarchiv.jp/%e5%ae%b6%e7%b3%bb%e3%83%aa%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88/%e5%a4%a9%e7%9a%87%e5%ae%b6#emp116|title=Genealogy|website=Reichsarchiv|date=30 April 2010 |access-date=20 January 2018|language=ja}}</ref> |
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|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |
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|1= 1. '''Emperor Momozono''' |
|1= 1. '''Emperor Momozono''' |
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|2= 2. [[Emperor Sakuramachi]] ( |
|2= 2. [[Emperor Sakuramachi]] (1720–1750) |
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|3= 3. [[:ja:姉小路定子|Anegakōji Sadako]] ( |
|3= 3. [[:ja:姉小路定子|Anegakōji Sadako]] (1717–1789) |
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|4= 4. [[Emperor Nakamikado]] ( |
|4= 4. [[Emperor Nakamikado]] (1702–1737) |
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|5= 5. [[:ja:近衛尚子|Konoe Hisako]] ( |
|5= 5. [[:ja:近衛尚子|Konoe Hisako]] (1702–1720) |
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|6= 6. Anegakōji Mitake ( |
|6= 6. Anegakōji Mitake (1696–1726) |
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|7= |
|7= |
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|8= 8. [[Emperor Higashiyama]] ( |
|8= 8. [[Emperor Higashiyama]] (1675–1710) |
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|9= 9. [[:ja:櫛笥賀子|Kushige Yoshiko]] ( |
|9= 9. [[:ja:櫛笥賀子|Kushige Yoshiko]] (1675–1710) |
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|10= 10. [[Konoe Iehiro]] ( |
|10= 10. [[Konoe Iehiro]] (1667–1736) |
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|11= 11. Machijiri Ryōko |
|11= 11. Machijiri Ryōko |
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|12=12. Anegakōji Kinkazu ( |
|12=12. Anegakōji Kinkazu (1651–1723) |
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|13= |
|13= |
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|14= |
|14= |
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|15= |
|15= |
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|16= 16. [[Emperor Reigen]] (1654-1732) |
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|17= 17. [[:ja:松木宗子|Matsuki Muneko]] (1658-1732) |
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|18= 18. Kushige Takayoshi (1652-1733) |
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|19= 19. Nishinotōin |
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|20= 20. [[Konoe Motohiro]] (1648-1722) |
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|21= 21. [[:ja:常子内親王|Princess Tsuneko]] (1642-1702) |
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|22= 22. Machijiri Kanekazu (1662-1742) |
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|23= |
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|24= 24. Anegakōji Sanemichi (1633-1660) |
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|25= 25. Takatsuji |
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|26= |
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|27= |
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|28= |
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|29= |
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|30= |
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|31= |
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}} |
}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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* Meyer, Eva-Maria. (1999). [https://books.google.com/books?id=6wEvo4wBojcC& |
* Meyer, Eva-Maria. (1999). [https://books.google.com/books?id=6wEvo4wBojcC&q=nakamikado ''Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit: unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Jahre 1846 bis 1867''.] Münster: LIT Verlag. {{ISBN|978-3-8258-3939-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42041594 OCLC 42041594] |
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* [[Richard Ponsonby-Fane|Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon.]] (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan''. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/194887 OCLC 194887] |
* [[Richard Ponsonby-Fane|Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon.]] (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan''. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/194887 OCLC 194887] |
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* [[Timon Screech|Screech, Timon.]] (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=BLzQA7cpr7wC |
* [[Timon Screech|Screech, Timon.]] (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=BLzQA7cpr7wC ''Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822''.] London: [[RoutledgeCurzon]]. {{ISBN|978-0-203-09985-8}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/65177072 OCLC 65177072] |
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* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Ōdai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ& |
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Ōdai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran ''Annales des empereurs du Japon''.] Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Momozono}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Momozono}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Emperors of Japan]] |
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[[Category:1741 births]] |
[[Category:1741 births]] |
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[[Category:1762 deaths]] |
[[Category:1762 deaths]] |
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[[Category:1760s in Japan|Emperor Momozono]] |
[[Category:1760s in Japan|Emperor Momozono]] |
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[[Category:18th-century Japanese monarchs]] |
[[Category:18th-century Japanese monarchs]] |
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[[Category:Sons of Japanese emperors]] |
Emperor Momozono 桃園天皇 | |||||
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![]() | |||||
Emperor of Japan | |||||
Reign | 9 June 1747 – 1762 | ||||
Predecessor | Sakuramachi | ||||
Successor | Go-Sakuramachi | ||||
Shōguns | See list
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Born | Tōhito (遐仁) (1742-04-14)14 April 1742 Kyoto, Tokugawa shogunate | ||||
Died | 31 August 1762(1762-08-31) (aged 20) Kyoto, Tokugawa shogunate | ||||
Burial |
Tsuki no wa no misasagi, Kyoto
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Spouse | Ichijō Tomiko | ||||
Issue | Emperor Go-Momozono Prince Sadamochi | ||||
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House | Imperial House of Japan | ||||
Father | Emperor Sakuramachi | ||||
Mother | Anegakōji Sadako | ||||
Signature | ![]() |
Tōhito (Japanese: 遐仁, 14 April 1742 – 31 August 1762), posthumously honored as Emperor Momozono (桃園天皇, Momozono-tennō), was the 116th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.[1][2] Momozono's reign spanned the years from 1747 until his death in 1762.[3] Momozono's reign was mostly quiet, with only one incident occurring that involved a small number of Kuge who advocated for the restoration of direct Imperial rule. These Kuge were punished by the shōgun, who held de facto power in the country.
Momozono fathered two sons with his one and only lady in waiting, but he died at a young age in 1762. The line of succession fell to Momozono's sister, Princess Toshiko, who became Empress Go-Sakuramachi. Due to the young age of Momozono's sons, she also became empress regent to the future Emperor Go-Momozono until he became of age to rule.
Before Momozono's ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (imina) was Toohito (遐仁).[4] Toohito was the firstborn son of Emperor Sakuramachi, while his mother was a concubine named Sadako (定子) (Empress Dowager Kaimei, 開明門院). His Imperial family lived with him in the Dairi of the Heian Palace. Toohito's pre-accession title was initially Yaho-no-miya (八穂宮) and later Sachi-no-miya (茶地宮). While Prince Toohito was invested as Crown Prince on 25 April 1747[5] it is unknown what other events took place in his early life other than the information provided here.
Prince Toohito acceded to the throne on 9 June 1747 as Emperor when his father abdicated in his favor.[6] The era name was then changed from EnkyōtoKan'en (meaning "Prolonging Lenience") to mark the occasion. Momozono fathered at least two sons with a court lady named Ichijō Tomiko during his reign. While he held the political title of Emperor, it was in name only as the shōguns of the Tokugawa family controlled Japan. During the first year or so of Momozono's reign the first performance of the popular eleven-act puppet play Kanadehon Chūshingura was performed. The fictionalized story of the play is about samurai revenge, and the 1702 vendetta of the 47 rōnin.[7] Also of note was a Ryukyuan diplomatic mission from Shō Kei of the Ryūkyū Kingdom which was received by the shogunate.[8] On 7 October 1749 a powerful storm struck Kyoto, and the keepofNijō Castle burned after it was struck by lightning.[9] The era name was changed to Hōreki in 1751 to mark the death of the retired Emperor Sakuramachi, and the death of the former shōgun Tokugawa Yoshimune. In the year that followed a second Ryukyuan diplomatic mission from Shō Boku of the Ryūkyū Kingdom arrived in Edo.[8] Momozono had no role in these missions as they were expected to pay tribute to the shogunate.
The 1754 Hōreki River incident caused the deaths of eighty-eight people due to a harsh project ordered by the shōgun, but again the Emperor was not involved. Another incident though occurred in 1758, when a small number of Kuge were punished by the shogunate for advocating the restoration of direct Imperial rule.[10] Two years later Shōgun Ieshige resigned, and his son became the 10th shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate.[11] In 1762, Emperor Momozono abdicated the throne in favor of his sister Imperial Princess Toshiko, who became Empress Go-Sakuramachi. His retirement did not last long as he died that same year on 31 August 1762 at the age of 20.[11][6] Momozono's kami is enshrined in an Imperial mausoleum (misasagi), Tsuki no wa no misasagi,atSennyū-jiinHigashiyama-ku, Kyoto. Also enshrined here are Momozono's immediate Imperial predecessors since Emperor Go-Mizunoo – Meishō, Go-Kōmyō, Go-Sai, Reigen, Higashiyama, Nakamikado and Sakuramachi, along with five of his immediate Imperial successors – Go-Sakuramachi, Go-Momozono, Kōkaku, Ninkō, and Kōmei.[12]
The years of Momozono's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era nameornengō.[13] While Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted. In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career.
The following eras occurred during Momozono's reign:
During Momozono's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:
Emperor Momozono had only one lady-in-waiting named Ichijō Tomiko, and fathered at least two sons with her.
Position | Name | Birth | Death | Father |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lady-in-waiting | Ichijō Tomiko (一条富子) | 1743 | 1796 | Ichijō Kaneka |
First son | Imperial Prince Hidehito (英仁親王) (later Emperor Go-Momozono) |
1758 | 1779 | Emperor Momozono |
Second son | Imperial Prince Fushimi-no-miya Sadamochi (伏見宮貞行親王) | 1760 | 1772 | Emperor Momozono |
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Preceded by | Emperor of Japan: Momozono 1747–1762 |
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Legendary |
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Yamato |
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Nara |
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Heian |
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Kamakura |
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Northern Court |
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Muromachi |
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Azuchi-Momoyama |
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Edo |
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Empire of Japan |
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Japan |
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Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in CE / AD * Imperial Consort and Regent Empress Jingū is not traditionally listed. |
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