|
msiasagi
|
→Kugyō: link -- kugyo
|
||
| Line 73: | Line 73: | ||
==Kugyō== |
==Kugyō== |
||
{{nihongo|''Kugyō''|公卿}} is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the [[Emperor of Japan]] in pre-[[Meiji period|Meiji]] eras.<ref>Furugosho: [http://www.furugosho.com/moyenage/empereur-g2.htm ''Kugyō'' of Uda''-tennō.'']</ref> |
{{nihongo|''[[Kugyō]]''|公卿}} is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the [[Emperor of Japan]] in pre-[[Meiji period|Meiji]] eras.<ref>Furugosho: [http://www.furugosho.com/moyenage/empereur-g2.htm ''Kugyō'' of Uda''-tennō.'']</ref> |
||
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. |
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. |
||
| Emperor Uda | |
|---|---|
| 59th Emperor of Japan | |
 | |
| Reign | The 26th Day of 8th Month of Ninna 3 (887) - The 3rd Day of 7th Month of Kanpyō 9 (897) |
| Coronation | The 17th Day of 11th Month of Ninna 3 (887) |
| Predecessor | Emperor Kōkō |
| Successor | Emperor Daigo |
| Burial |
Ōuchiyama no misasagi (Kyoto)
|
| Father | Emperor Kōkō |
| Mother | Princess Hanshi/Nakako |
Emperor Uda (宇多天皇, Uda-tennō, May 5, 867 — July 19, 931) was the 59th emperorofJapan,[1] according to the traditional order of succession.[2]
Uda's reign spanned the years from 887 through 897.[3]
Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (imina)[4] was Sadami (定省)[5]orChōjiin-tei.[6]
Emperor Uda was the third son of Emperor Kōkō. His mother was Empress Dowager Hanshi, a daughter of Prince Nakano (who was himself a son of Emperor Kammu).[7]
Uda had five Imperial consorts and 20 Imperial children.[8]
In ancient Japan, there were four noble clans, the Gempeitōkitsu (源平藤橘). One of these clans, the Minamoto clan (源氏), is also known as Genji. Some of Uda's grandchildren were granted the surname Minamoto. Minamoto is the most used surname for ex-royal. In order to distinguish Uda's descendants from other Minamoto clan families (源氏) or Genji, they became known as the Uda Genji (宇多源氏). Some of the Uda Genji moved to Ōmi province and known as Sasaki clan (佐々木氏)or Ōmi Genji (近江源氏).
Among the Uda Genji, Minamoto no Masanobu, a son of Prince Atsuzane succeeded in the court. Masanobu became sadaijin (Minister of the Left). One of Masanobu's daughters, Minamoto no Rinshi (源倫子) married Fujiwara no Michinaga and from this marriage three empresses dowagers and two regents (sesshō) were born.
From Masanobu, several kuge families originated including the Niwata, Ayanokōji, Itsutsuji, Ōhara and Jikōji. From his forth son Sukeyosi, the Sasaki clan originated, and thus Kyōgoku clan originated. These descendants are known as Ōmi Genji today. From this line, Sasaki Takauji made a success at Muromachi shogunate and Amago clan originated from his brother.
Uda's father, Emperor Kōkō, demoted his sons from the rank of imperial royals to that of subjects in order to reduce the state expenses, as well as their political influence. Then Sadami was given the clan name of Minamoto and named Minamoto no Sadami. Later, in 887, when Kōkō needed to appoint his successor, Sadami was once again promoted to the Imperial Prince rank with support of kampaku Fujiwara no Mototsune, since Sadami was adopted by a half-sister of Mototsune. After the death of his father in November of that year, Sadami-shinnō ascended to the throne.
In the beginning of Uda's reign, Mototsune held the office of kampaku (or chancellor). After Mototsune's death, Fujiwara no Tokihira and Sugawara no Michizane were in Uda's favor.
Emperor Uda stopped the practice of sending ambassadors to China ("ken-toh-shi" 遣唐使). The emperor's decision-making was informed by what he understood as persuasive counsel from Sugawara Michizane.[14]
The Special Festival of the Kamo Shrine was first held during Uda's reign.[15]
In 897 he abdicated in favor of his eldest son, Prince Atsuhito, who would later come to be known as Emperor Daigo.
Three years later, he entered the Buddhist priesthood at age 34 in 900.[15] Having founded the temple at Ninna-ji, Uda made it his new home after his abdication.
His Buddhist name was Kongō Kaku.[15] He was sometimes called『the Cloistered Emperor of Teiji(亭子の帝),』because that was the name of the Buddhist hall named Teijiin where he resided after becoming a priest.[8]
The actual site of Uda's grave is known.[1] This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Kyoto.
The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Uda's mausoleum. It is formally named Kaguragaoka no Higashi no misasagi.[17]
The former emperor is buried amongst the "Seven Imperial Tombs" at Ryoan-ji Temple in Kyoto. The mound which commemorates the Hosokawa Emperor Uda is today named O-uchiyama. The emperor's burial place would have been quite humble in the period after Uda died. These tombs reached their present state as a result of the 19th century restoration of imperial sepulchers which were ordered by Emperor Meiji.[18]
Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.[19]
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career.
During Uda's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:
The years of Uda's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era nameornengō.[20]
Nyōgo: Fujiwara no Inshi (藤原胤子) (?-896), daughter of Fujiwara no Takafuji
Nyōgo: Fujiwara no Onshi (藤原温子) (872-907), daughter of Fujiwara no Mototsune
Nyōgo: Tachibana no Yoshiko/Gishi (橘義子), daughter of Tachibana no Hiromi
Nyōgo: Tachibana no Fusako (橘房子) (?-893)
Nyōgo: Sugawara no Hiroko/Enshi (菅原衍子), daughter of Sugawara no Michizane
Koui: Minamoto no Sadako (源貞子), daughter of Minamoto no Noboru
Koui: Princess Norihime (徳姫女王), daughter of Prince Tōyo
Koui: Fujiwara no Yasuko (藤原保子), daughter of Fujiwara no Arizane
Koui: Minamoto no Hisako (源久子)
Koui: Fujiwara no Shizuko (藤原静子)
Court lady: A daughter of Fujiwara no Tsugukage, Ise (伊勢) (875/7-ca.939)
Court lady: Fujiwara no Hōshi (藤原褒子), daughter of Fujiwara no Tokihira
(from unknown women)
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Emperor of Japan: Uda 887-897 |
Succeeded by |
|
| |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Legendary |
| ||||||||
| Yamato |
| ||||||||
| Nara |
| ||||||||
| Heian |
| ||||||||
| Kamakura |
| ||||||||
| Northern Court |
| ||||||||
| Muromachi |
| ||||||||
| Azuchi-Momoyama |
| ||||||||
| Edo |
| ||||||||
| Empire of Japan |
| ||||||||
| Japan |
| ||||||||
Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in CE / AD * Imperial Consort and Regent Empress Jingū is not traditionally listed. | |||||||||
