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==Clinical significance== |
==Clinical significance== |
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===Stem cell transplant=== |
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{{main|stem cell transplant}} |
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⚫ | A [[stem cell transplant]] is a transplant intended to replace the progenitor [[haematopoetic stem cell]]s |
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'''Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation''' ('''HSCT''') is the transplantation of [[multipotent hematopoietic stem cell]]s, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood.<ref name="HSCT2">{{cite journal |last1=Felfly |first1=H |last2=Haddad |first2=GG |title=Hematopoietic stem cells: potential new applications for translational medicine |journal=Journal of Stem Cells |date=2014 |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=163–97 |pmid=25157450}}</ref><ref name="HSCT1">{{cite journal |last1=Park |first1=B |last2=Yoo |first2=KH |last3=Kim |first3=C |title=Hematopoietic stem cell expansion and generation: the ways to make a breakthrough |journal=Blood Research |date=December 2015 |volume=50 |issue=4 |pages=194–203 |pmid=26770947 |doi=10.5045/br.2015.50.4.194 |pmc=4705045}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |authors=Mahla RS| title = Stem cells application in regenerative medicine and disease threpeutics | journal = International Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 2016 | issue = 7 | pages = 1–24 | year = 2016 | pmid = 27516776 | doi = 10.1155/2016/6940283 | pmc = 4969512 }}</ref> It may be [[autologous stem cell transplantation|autologous]] (the patient's own stem cells are used), [[allotransplantation|allogeneic]] (the stem cells come from a donor) or syngeneic (from an identical twin).<ref name="HSCT2"/><ref name="HSCT1"/> |
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It is most often performed for patients with certain [[cancer]]s of the [[blood]] or [[bone marrow]], such as [[multiple myeloma]] or [[leukemia]].<ref name="HSCT1"/> In these cases, the recipient's immune system is usually destroyed with radiation or chemotherapy before the transplantation. Infection and [[graft-versus-host disease]] are major complications of [[Allotransplantation|allogeneic]] HSCT.<ref name="HSCT1"/> |
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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains a dangerous procedure with many possible complications; it is reserved for patients with life-threatening diseases. As survival following the procedure has increased, its use has expanded beyond cancer to [[autoimmune diseases]]<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Tyndall A, Fassas A, Passweg J, etal |title=Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplants for autoimmune disease–feasibility and transplant-related mortality. Autoimmune Disease and Lymphoma Working Parties of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, the European League Against Rheumatism and the International Stem Cell Project for Autoimmune Disease |journal=Bone Marrow Transplant |volume=24 |issue=7 |pages=729–34 |year=1999 |pmid=10516675 |doi=10.1038/sj.bmt.1701987}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Burt RK, Loh Y, Pearce W, etal |title=Clinical applications of blood-derived and marrow-derived stem cells for nonmalignant diseases |journal=JAMA |volume=299 |issue=8 |pages=925–36 |year=2008 |pmid=18314435 |doi=10.1001/jama.299.8.925}}</ref> and hereditary [[skeletal dysplasia]]s; notably [[malignant infantile osteopetrosis]]<ref name= elsobky2017>{{cite journal |last1=EL-Sobky |first1=Tamer Ahmed |last2=El-Haddad |first2=Alaa |last3=Elsobky |first3=Ezzat |last4=Elsayed |first4=Solaf M. |last5=Sakr |first5=Hossam Moussa |title=Reversal of skeletal radiographic pathology in a case of malignant infantile osteopetrosis following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation |journal=The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine |date=March 2017 |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=237–43 |doi=10.1016/j.ejrnm.2016.12.013 |doi-access=free | name-list-format=vanc}}</ref><ref name= Hashemi2015>{{cite journal |last1=Hashemi Taheri |first1=Amir Pejman |last2=Radmard |first2=Amir Reza |last3=Kooraki |first3=Soheil |last4=Behfar |first4=Maryam |last5=Pak |first5=Neda |last6=Hamidieh |first6=Amir Ali |last7=Ghavamzadeh |first7=Ardeshir |title=Radiologic resolution of malignant infantile osteopetrosis skeletal changes following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation |journal=Pediatric Blood & Cancer |date=September 2015 |volume=62 |issue=9 |pages=1645–49 |doi=10.1002/pbc.25524 |pmid=25820806 | name-list-format=vanc}}</ref> and [[mucopolysaccharidosis]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Langereis |first1=Eveline J. |last2=den Os |first2=Matthijs M. |last3=Breen |first3=Catherine |last4=Jones |first4=Simon A. |last5=Knaven |first5=Olga C. |last6=Mercer |first6=Jean |last7=Miller |first7=Weston P. |last8=Kelly |first8=Paula M. |last9=Kennedy |first9=Jim |last10=Ketterl |first10=Tyler G. |last11=O'Meara |first11=Anne |last12=Orchard |first12=Paul J. |last13=Lund |first13=Troy C. |last14=van Rijn |first14=Rick R. |last15=Sakkers |first15=Ralph J. |last16=White |first16=Klane K. |last17=Wijburg |first17=Frits A. |title=Progression of Hip Dysplasia in Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I Hurler After Successful Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation |journal=The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery |date=March 2016 |volume=98 |issue=5 |pages=386–95 |doi=10.2106/JBJS.O.00601 |pmid=26935461 | name-list-format=vanc}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
Haematopoetic system | |
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Details | |
Function | Creation of the cells of blood. |
Identifiers | |
MeSH | D006413 |
FMA | 9667 |
Anatomical terminology |
The haematopoetic system is the system in the body involved in the creation of the cells of blood.
The haematopoetic system is the system in the body involved in the creation of the cells of blood.[1]
Astem cell transplant is a transplant intended to replace the progenitor haematopoetic stem cells
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood.[2][3][4] It may be autologous (the patient's own stem cells are used), allogeneic (the stem cells come from a donor) or syngeneic (from an identical twin).[2][3]
It is most often performed for patients with certain cancers of the bloodorbone marrow, such as multiple myelomaorleukemia.[3] In these cases, the recipient's immune system is usually destroyed with radiation or chemotherapy before the transplantation. Infection and graft-versus-host disease are major complications of allogeneic HSCT.[3]
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains a dangerous procedure with many possible complications; it is reserved for patients with life-threatening diseases. As survival following the procedure has increased, its use has expanded beyond cancer to autoimmune diseases[5][6] and hereditary skeletal dysplasias; notably malignant infantile osteopetrosis[7][8] and mucopolysaccharidosis.[9]
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