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== History == |
== History == |
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It was created to oversee international rules regarding the [[quarantining]] of ships and ports to prevent the spread of [[Plague (disease)|plague]] and [[cholera]], and to administer other public health conventions,<ref name=":2">{{cite book|last=Iriye|first=Akira|title=Global Community: The Role of International Organizations in the Making of the Contemporary World|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|date=2002|isbn=0520231279}}</ref> leading to engage on other epidemics, and the collection of broader [[Epidemiology|epidemiological data]] on various diseases, as well as issues such as the control of medicinal [[opium]], [[Cannabis (drug)|cannabis]], and [[Drug policy|other drugs]],<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Riboulet-Zemouli |first1=Kenzi |last2=Ghehiouèche |first2=Farid |last3=Krawitz |first3=Michael A. |author-link3=Michael Krawitz |date=2022 |year=2022 |title=Cannabis amnesia – Indian hemp parley at the Office International d'Hygiène Publique in 1935 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/360540702 |access-date=2022-09-06 |website=authorea.com |type=Preprint |doi=10.22541/au.165237542.24089054/v1|doi-broken-date=2022 |
It was created to oversee international rules regarding the [[quarantining]] of ships and ports to prevent the spread of [[Plague (disease)|plague]] and [[cholera]], and to administer other public health conventions,<ref name=":2">{{cite book|last=Iriye|first=Akira|title=Global Community: The Role of International Organizations in the Making of the Contemporary World|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|date=2002|isbn=0520231279}}</ref> leading to engage on other epidemics, and the collection of broader [[Epidemiology|epidemiological data]] on various diseases, as well as issues such as the control of medicinal [[opium]], [[Cannabis (drug)|cannabis]], and [[Drug policy|other drugs]],<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Riboulet-Zemouli |first1=Kenzi |last2=Ghehiouèche |first2=Farid |last3=Krawitz |first3=Michael A. |author-link3=Michael Krawitz |date=2022 |year=2022 |title=Cannabis amnesia – Indian hemp parley at the Office International d'Hygiène Publique in 1935 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/360540702 |access-date=2022-09-06 |website=authorea.com |type=Preprint |doi=10.22541/au.165237542.24089054/v1|doi-broken-date=31 December 2022 }}</ref> the traumas created by [[World War I]], etc.<ref name=":2" /> |
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The OIHP was part of the complex structure known as the '''Health Organization''' ({{lang|fr|Organisation d'Hygiène}}) of the [[League of Nations]],<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1924|title=The International Health Organization Of The League Of Nations|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20436330|journal=The British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=3302|pages=672–675|jstor=20436330 |issn=0007-1447}}</ref> in an often-competing, and sometimes collaborative relation with the [[Health Organization of the League of Nations|League of Nations' Health Committee]].<ref name=":0">{{cite book|last=Howard-Jones|first=Norman|url=https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/39249|title=International public health between the two world wars : the organizational problems|date=1979|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|year=1979|isbn=9241560584|location=Geneva|hdl=10665/39249 }}</ref> |
The OIHP was part of the complex structure known as the '''Health Organization''' ({{lang|fr|Organisation d'Hygiène}}) of the [[League of Nations]],<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1924|title=The International Health Organization Of The League Of Nations|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20436330|journal=The British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=3302|pages=672–675|jstor=20436330 |issn=0007-1447}}</ref> in an often-competing, and sometimes collaborative relation with the [[Health Organization of the League of Nations|League of Nations' Health Committee]].<ref name=":0">{{cite book|last=Howard-Jones|first=Norman|url=https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/39249|title=International public health between the two world wars : the organizational problems|date=1979|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|year=1979|isbn=9241560584|location=Geneva|hdl=10665/39249 }}</ref> |
Office International d'Hygiène Publique
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1907–1946 | |||||||
Emblem used by the OIHP, depicting Hygieia | |||||||
Status | Former international organization | ||||||
Administrative center | 195 boulevard Saint-Germain, Paris 48°51′17″N 2°19′31″E / 48.8548078°N 2.3252548°E / 48.8548078; 2.3252548 | ||||||
Official languages | French | ||||||
Recognized languages | French | ||||||
History | |||||||
• Arrangement of Rome | 9 December 1907 | ||||||
• Dissolution | 22 July 1946 | ||||||
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The International Office of Public Hygiene, also known by its French name as the Office International d'Hygiène Publique and abbreviated as OIHP, was an international organization founded 9 December 1907 and based in Paris, France.[1] It merged onto the World Health Organization after World War II.[2]
It was created to oversee international rules regarding the quarantining of ships and ports to prevent the spread of plague and cholera, and to administer other public health conventions,[3] leading to engage on other epidemics, and the collection of broader epidemiological data on various diseases, as well as issues such as the control of medicinal opium, cannabis, and other drugs,[4] the traumas created by World War I, etc.[3]
The OIHP was part of the complex structure known as the Health Organization (Organisation d'Hygiène) of the League of Nations,[5] in an often-competing, and sometimes collaborative relation with the League of Nations' Health Committee.[6]
The OIHP was dissolved by protocols signed 22 July 1946[7] and its epidemiological service was incorporated into the Interim Commission of the World Health Organization on 1 January 1947. However, the OIHP remained in existence legally until 1952.
The OIHP was managed by a "Permanent Committee" chaired successively by Rocco Santoliquido (1908-1919), Oscar Velghe (1919-1932), George S. Buchanan (1932-1936).[9][10][11] Important personalities were taking part in the work of the OIHP such as Camille Barrère.
As of 1933, the OIHP was composed of the following contracting parties:[9]
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