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Contents

   



(Top)
 


1Usage
 




2Examples
 




3Parameters
 


3.1Syntax
 




3.2COinS
 


3.2.1COinS metadata is created for these parameters
 






3.3What's new
 




3.4Deprecated
 




3.5Description
 


3.5.1Authors
 




3.5.2Date
 




3.5.3Title
 




3.5.4Publisher
 




3.5.5Edition, series, volume
 




3.5.6In-source locations
 




3.5.7URL
 




3.5.8Chapter URL
 




3.5.9Anchor
 




3.5.10Identifiers
 




3.5.11Quote
 




3.5.12Editors
 




3.5.13Display options
 




3.5.14Subscription or registration required
 


3.5.14.1Access indicators for url-holding parameters
 




3.5.14.2Access indicator for named identifiers
 










4TemplateData
 




5Citation tools
 













Template:Cite book






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Permanently protected template

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 


Citation Style 1 templates
{{Cite arXiv}}arXiv preprints
{{Cite AV media}}audio and visual media
{{Cite AV media notes}}AV media liner notes
{{Cite bioRxiv}}bioRxiv preprints
{{Cite book}}books and chapters
{{Cite CiteSeerX}}CiteSeerX papers
{{Cite conference}}conference papers
{{cite document}}short, stand-alone, offline documents
{{Cite encyclopedia}}edited collections
{{Cite episode}}radio or TV episodes
{{Cite interview}}interviews
{{Cite journal}}academic journals
{{Cite magazine}}magazines, periodicals
{{Cite mailing list}}public mailing lists
{{Cite map}}maps
{{Cite medRxiv}}medRxiv preprints
{{Cite news}}news articles
{{Cite newsgroup}}online newsgroups
{{Cite podcast}}podcasts
{{Cite press release}}press releases
{{Cite report}}reports
{{Cite serial}}audio or video serials
{{Cite sign}}signs, plaques
{{Cite speech}}speeches
{{Cite SSRN}}SSRN papers
{{Cite tech report}}technical reports
{{Cite thesis}}theses
{{Cite web}}web sources not covered by the above
See alsoSpecific-source templates
Citation Style 1 wrapper templates
  • t
  • e
  • This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for books. When citing an article in a periodical, use {{cite journal}}or{{cite magazine}}. For conference papers, use {{cite conference}}. For edited collections, use {{cite encyclopedia}}. For theses, use {{cite thesis}}.

    Usage

    Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as |isbn= have upper-case aliases like |ISBN=, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then purge the page.

    Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format
    To cite a book with a credited author
    {{cite book |last= |first= |author-link= |date= |title= |url= |location= |publisher= |page= |isbn=}}
    To cite a book with no credited author
    {{cite book |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title= |url= |location= |publisher= |page= |isbn=}}
    To cite an online book that has been archived
    {{cite book |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |url-status= |location= |publisher= |isbn= |archive-url= |archive-date=}}
    To cite a book written in a foreign language
    {{cite book |last= |first= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |language= |location= |publisher= |isbn=}}
    To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language book re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
    {{cite book |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |url-status= |url-access= |format= |language= |location= |publisher= |isbn= |archive-url= |archive-date= |via= |quote=}}


    Most commonly used parameters in vertical format
    {{cite book
     | last = 
     | first = 
     | author-link = 
     | date = 
     | title = 
     | url = 
     | location = 
     | publisher = 
     | page = <!-- or pages: -->
     | isbn = 
    }}
    


    Full parameter set in horizontal format

    {{cite book |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |last3= |first3= |author-link3= |last4= |first4= |author-link4= |last5= |first5= |author-link5= |display-authors= |author-mask1= |author-mask2= |author-mask3= |author-mask4= |author-mask5= |editor-last1= |editor-first1= |editor-link1= |editor-last2= |editor-first2= |editor-link2= |editor-last3= |editor-first3= |editor-link3= |editor-last4= |editor-first4= |editor-link4= |editor-last5= |editor-first5= |editor-link5= |display-editors= |editor-mask1= |editor-mask2= |editor-mask3= |editor-mask4= |editor-mask5= |translator-last1= |translator-first1= |translator-link1= |translator-last2= |translator-first2= |translator-link2= |translator-last3= |translator-first3= |translator-link3= |translator-last4= |translator-first4= |translator-link4= |translator-last5= |translator-first5= |translator-link5= |display-translators= |translator-mask1= |translator-mask2= |translator-mask3= |translator-mask4= |translator-mask5= |others= |name-list-style= |date= |year= |orig-date= |chapter= |script-chapter= |trans-chapter= |chapter-url= |chapter-url-access= |chapter-format= |title= |script-title= |trans-title= |title-link= |url= |url-status= |url-access= |format= |type= |series= |language= |volume= |edition= |publication-place= |location= |publisher= |publication-date= |page= |pages= |at= |no-pp= |arxiv= |asin= |asin-tld= |bibcode= |bibcode-access= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |doi= |doi-access= |doi-broken-date= |eissn= |hdl= |hdl-access= |isbn= |ismn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |jstor-access= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |ol-access= |osti= |osti-access= |pmc= |pmc-embargo-date= |pmid= |rfc= |sbn= |ssrn= |s2cid= |s2cid-access= |zbl= |id= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |via= |quote= |script-quote= |trans-quote= |quote-page= |quote-pages= |mode= |postscript= |ref=}}

    Full parameter set in vertical format
    Parameters Prerequisites Brief instructions / notes Vertical list
    last1 Author's last name or single name author. Don't link.
    {{cite book
     |last1                =
     |first1               =
     |author-link1         =
     |last2                =
     |first2               =
     |author-link2         =
     |last3                =
     |first3               =
     |author-link3         =
     |last4                =
     |first4               =
     |author-link4         =
     |last5                =
     |first5               =
     |author-link5         =
     |display-authors      =
     |author-mask1         =
     |author-mask2         =
     |author-mask3         =
     |author-mask4         =
     |author-mask5         =
     |editor-last1         =
     |editor-first1        =
     |editor-link1         =
     |editor-last2         =
     |editor-first2        =
     |editor-link2         =
     |editor-last3         =
     |editor-first3        =
     |editor-link3         =
     |editor-last4         =
     |editor-first4        =
     |editor-link4         =
     |editor-last5         =
     |editor-first5        =
     |editor-link5         =
     |display-editors      =
     |editor-mask1         =
     |editor-mask2         =
     |editor-mask3         =
     |editor-mask4         =
     |editor-mask5         =
     |translator-last1     =
     |translator-first1    =
     |translator-link1     =
     |translator-last2     =
     |translator-first2    =
     |translator-link2     =
     |translator-last3     =
     |translator-first3    =
     |translator-link3     =
     |translator-last4     =
     |translator-first4    =
     |translator-link4     =
     |translator-last5     =
     |translator-first5    =
     |translator-link5     =
     |display-translators  =
     |translator-mask1     =
     |translator-mask2     =
     |translator-mask3     =
     |translator-mask4     =
     |translator-mask5     =
     |others               =
     |name-list-style      =
     |date                 =
     |year                 =
     |orig-date            =
     |chapter              =
     |script-chapter       =
     |trans-chapter        =
     |chapter-url          =
     |chapter-url-access   =
     |chapter-format       =
     |title                =
     |script-title         =
     |trans-title          =
     |title-link           =
     |url                  =
     |url-status           =
     |url-access           =
     |format               =
     |type                 =
     |series               =
     |language             =
     |volume               =
     |edition              =
     |publication-place    =
     |location             =
     |publisher            =
     |publication-date     =
     |page                 =
     |pages                =
     |at                   =
     |no-pp                =
     |arxiv                =
     |asin                 =
     |asin-tld             =
     |bibcode              =
     |bibcode-access       =
     |biorxiv              =
     |citeseerx            =
     |doi                  =
     |doi-access           =
     |doi-broken-date      =
     |eissn                =
     |hdl                  =
     |hdl-access           =
     |isbn                 =
     |ismn                 =
     |issn                 =
     |jfm                  =
     |jstor                =
     |jstor-access         =
     |lccn                 =
     |mr                   =
     |oclc                 =
     |ol                   =
     |ol-access            =
     |osti                 =
     |osti-access          =
     |pmc                  =
     |pmc-embargo-date     =
     |pmid                 =
     |rfc                  =
     |sbn                  =
     |ssrn                 =
     |s2cid                =
     |s2cid-access         =
     |zbl                  =
     |id                   =
     |archive-url          =
     |archive-date         =
     |access-date          =
     |via                  =
     |quote                =
     |script-quote         =
     |trans-quote          =
     |quote-page           =
     |quote-pages          =
     |mode                 =
     |postscript           =
     |ref                  =
    }}
    
    first1 last1 Author's first name. Don't link.
    author-link1 last1 Title of Wikipedia article about the first author. Don't link.
    last2 last1 Like last1, but for 2nd author.
    first2 last2 Like first1, but for 2nd author.
    author-link2 last2 Like author-link1, but for 2nd author.
    last3 last2 Like last1, but for 3rd author.
    first3 last3 Like first1, but for 3rd author.
    author-link3 last3 Like author-link1, but for 3rd author.
    last4 last3 Like last1, but for 4th author.
    first4 last4 Like first1, but for 4th author.
    author-link4 last4 Like author-link1, but for 4th author.
    last5 last4 Like last1, but for 5th author. Similar: last6, etc.
    first5 last5 Like first1, but for 5th author. Similar: first6, etc.
    author-link5 last5 Like author-link1, but for 5th author. Similar: author-link6, etc.
    display-authors last1 Number (number of authors displayed) or etal (more authors)
    author-mask1 last1 See Display options below; not for lists of cited works
    author-mask2 last2
    author-mask3 last3
    author-mask4 last4
    author-mask5 last5
    editor-last1 may also use "editor-last"
    editor-first1 editor-last1 may also use "editor-first"
    editor-link1 editor-last1 may also use "editor-link"
    editor-mask1 editor-last1
    display-editors
    translator-last1 Like last1, but for translator
    translator-first1 translator-last1 Like first1, but for translator
    translator-link1 translator-last1 Like author-link1, but for translator
    translator-last2 translator-last1 Like last1, but for 2nd translator. Similar: translator-last3, etc.
    translator-first2 translator-last2 Like first1, but for 2nd translator. Similar: translator-first3, etc.
    translator-link2 translator-last2 Like author-link1, but for 2nd transl. Similar: translator-link3, ...
    display-translators translator-last1 Like display-authors, but for translators
    translator-mask1 translator-last1 See Display options below; not for lists of cited works
    translator-mask2 translator-last2
    name-list-style last2 Set to amporampersand to separate the last author with " & "; set to and to separate with " and "
    others
    date
    year
    orig-date date or year
    chapter This should be the title of the chapter cited. Do not wikilink "chapter" if "chapter-url" is provided
    script-chapter
    trans-chapter chapter or script-chapter
    chapter-url chapter or script-chapter
    chapter-format chapter-url
    title
    script-title
    trans-title title or script-title
    title-link title or script-title Name of a Wikipedia article about the work. Do not use if "url" is provided
    url title or script-title Do not use if "title-link" is provided
    url-status archive-url
    url-access url
    format url
    type
    series
    language
    volume
    edition
    publication-place publisher
    location publisher can be used for written-at location when "publication-place" is used for publication place
    publisher
    publication-date
    page choose one: "page", "pages", or "at"
    pages choose one: "page", "pages", or "at". Use when content on multiple pages supports the article text.
    at choose one: "page", "pages", or "at"
    no-pp page or pages set no-pp to "yes" to suppress the "p." or "pp." before page numbers
    arxiv
    asin
    asin-tld asin
    bibcode
    biorxiv
    citeseerx
    doi
    doi-broken-date doi
    eissn
    hdl
    isbn always include ISBN, if one has been assigned
    issn
    ismn
    jfm
    jstor
    lccn
    mr
    oclc
    ol
    osti
    pmc
    pmc-embargo-date pmc
    pmid
    rfc
    sbn
    ssrn
    s2cid
    zbl
    id
    archive-url archive-date, url
    archive-date archive-url
    access-date url
    via
    quote
    script-quote
    trans-quote
    quote-page choose one: "quote-page", "quote-pages"
    quote-pages choose one: "quote-page", "quote-pages". Use when quote contains contents from multiple pages.
    mode cs1orcs2
    postscript
    ref
    If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.

    Examples

    Title

    Title and year

    Basic usage (single author)

    Basic usage (two authors)

    Basic usage with url (and access-date) and edition

    Citing a chapter in a book with different authors for different chapters and an editor

    Citing a chapter in a book with two joint authors and an editor

    Three authors, title with a differently-named title link, edition

    Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (without volume and lastauthoramp)

    Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (with volume and lastauthoramp)

    Date without day, wikilinked title, publisher, pages, edition, location

    Other language

    Using a DOI

    Using author-mask parameter

    Using display-authors parameter

    Parameters

    Syntax

    Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:

    Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.

    COinS

    This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. See Wikipedia:COinS. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:

    Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example &nbsp;, &ndash;, or &#160;, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.

    COinS metadata is created for these parameters

    Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in the Usage section near the top of this documentation page.

    What's new

    What's new or changed recently
    Parameter Description Date
    N/A

    Deprecated

    Deprecated CS1/CS2 parameters
    Deprecated parameter Replace with Date
    |authors= |lastn= / |firstn=, |authorn=, |vauthors= November 2023
    Recently removed CS1/CS2 parameters
    Removed parameter Replace with Date Note
    |lay-date= (delete) August 2023
    |lay-source= (delete)
    |lay-url= (delete)
    |transcripturl= |transcript-url= August 2023

    Description

    Authors

    Date

    Shortened footnotes target full citations using the year specified in this parameter. A lowercase letter may be suffixed to the year to disambiguate {{sfn}} links to multiple works by the same author in the same year,[more] unless the date is formatted as YYYY-MM-DD. In the latter case, yearorref is required to disambiguate the link targets.
    For approximate year, precede with "c. ", like this: |date=c. 1900.

    For no date, or "undated", use |date=n.d.
    The date of a Web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for a createdorupdated date; a comment for editors such as date=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01 can be added.
    Automatic date formatting: Citation Style 1 and 2 templates, including this template, automatically render dates in all date parameters (such as |date=, |publication-date=, |access-date=, |archive-date=, etc.) except for |orig-date= in the style specified by the article's {{use dmy dates}}or{{use mdy dates}} template. See those templates' documentation for details.
    1. ^ Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates. See MOS:DATEUNIFY.

    Title

    (See also Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters.)

    Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.
    newline [ ] |
    space &#91; &#93; {{!}} (preferred)
    {{bracket|text}} &#124; or {{pipe}}see also Help:Table § Rendering the pipe
    • title-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink.

    Publisher

    Edition, series, volume

    In-source locations

    URL

    URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme. http:// and https:// will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://, gopher://, irc://, ircs://, mailto: and news: may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported.

    If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by %20. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:

    Character space " ' < > [ ] { | }
    Encoding %20 %22 %27 %3C %3E %5B %5D %7B %7C %7D

    Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.

    1. ^ a b Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD. See MOS:DATEUNIFY.

    Chapter URL

    Anchor

    Identifiers

    The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. |rfc=822or|pmc=345678.

    In very rare cases, valid identifiers (f.e., as actually printed on publications) do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums, which would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers (|doi=, |eissn=, |isbn=, |issn=, and |sbn=) support a special accept-this-as-written markup which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as|<param>=((<value>))). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.

    For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the access status using the corresponding |<param>-access= parameter.

    For {{cite journal}}, some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when |url= and |title-link= are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for |title-link= to manually select a specific source (|title-link=pmcor|title-link=doi) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (|title-link=none).

    It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link identical to a link also produced by an identifier. The |url= parameter (or|title-link=) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a convenience link to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.

    Quote

    Editors

    Display options

    Subscription or registration required

    Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability § Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation. These levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material; they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse, or the copyright status, of the material, since that status is not relevant to verifying claims in articles.

    Four access levels can be used:

    As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, each value is attributed to a specific external link.

    Access indicators for url-holding parameters

    Online sources linked by |url=, |article-url=, |chapter-url=, |contribution-url=, |entry-url=, |map-url=, and |section-url= are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these URL-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they are not marked as free. If the registration/limited/subscription access to the source goes dead and is no longer available, then remove the access-indicator parameter and add |archive-url= and |archive-date= values if possible.

    URL-holding and access-indicator parameters
    URL Access Allowed keywords
    |url= |url-access= registration Free registration required
    limited Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required
    subscription Paid subscription required
    |article-url= |article-url-access=
    |chapter-url= |chapter-url-access=
    |contribution-url= |contribution-url-access=
    |entry-url= |entry-url-access=
    |map-url= |map-url-access=
    |section-url= |section-url-access=

    For example, this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription:

    {{cite web |url=https://example.com/nifty_data.php |url-access=registration |date=2021-04-15 |title=Nifty example data}}
    

    which renders as:

    "Nifty example data". 2021-04-15.
    Access indicator for named identifiers

    Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. When the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free-to-read full text (for instance because they're just abstracting services), they may not be marked as limited, registration, or subscription.

    Named-identifier and access-indicator parameters
    Identifier Access Allowed keywords
    |bibcode= |bibcode-access= free Freely accessible
    |doi= |doi-access=
    |hdl= |hdl-access=
    |jstor= |jstor-access=
    |ol= |ol-access=
    |osti= |osti-access=
    |ssrn= |ssrn-access=
    |s2cid= |s2cid-access=

    Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters; the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:

    For embargoed pmc that will become available in the future, see pmc-embargo-date.

    TemplateData

    See Template:Cite book/TemplateData.

    Citation tools

    This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.

    TemplateData

    This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. See a monthly parameter usage report for Template:Cite book in articles based on its TemplateData.

    TemplateData for Cite book

    Template:Cite book uses standard parameter set; TemplateData has errors:

    • |authors= is not a valid parameter

    This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.

    Template parameters[Edit template data]

    This template has custom formatting.

    ParameterDescriptionTypeStatus
    Last namelast last1 author author1 author1-last author-last surname1 author-last1 subject1 surname author-last subject

    The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link' instead; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

    Stringsuggested
    First namefirst given author-first first1 given1 author-first1 author1-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link' instead; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

    Stringsuggested
    Author linkauthor-link author-link1 author1-link subject-link subject-link1 subject1-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

    Page nameoptional
    URLurl URL

    The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the  protocol relative scheme "//..."

    Example
    https://books.google.com/books?id=...
    URLoptional
    Titletitle

    The title of the book; displays in italics

    Stringrequired
    Title linktitle-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink.

    Page nameoptional
    Vancouver style author listvauthors

    If using Vancouver style, comma separated list of author names; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses

    Example
    Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corporation))
    Stringoptional
    Last name 2last2 author2 surname2 author-last2 author2-last subject2

    The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2' instead; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

    Stringoptional
    First name 2first2 given2 author-first2 author2-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2' instead; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

    Stringoptional
    Author link 2author-link2 author2-link subject-link2 subject2-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

    Page nameoptional
    Last name 3last3 author3 surname3 author-last3 author3-last subject3

    The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3' instead.

    Stringoptional
    First name 3first3 given3 author-first3 author3-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.

    Stringoptional
    Author link 3author-link3 author3-link subject-link3 subject3-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.

    Page nameoptional
    Last name 4last4 author4 surname4 author-last4 author4-last subject4

    The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4' instead.

    Stringoptional
    First name 4first4 given4 author-first4 author4-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink.

    Stringoptional
    Author link 4author-link4 author4-link subject-link4 subject4-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.

    Page nameoptional
    Last name 5last5 author5 surname5 author-last5 author5-last subject5

    The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5' instead.

    Stringoptional
    First name 5first5 given5 author-first5 author5-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.

    Stringoptional
    Author link 5author-link5 author5-link subject-link5 subject5-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author.

    Page nameoptional
    Last name 6last6 author6 surname6 author-last6 author6-last subject6

    The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6' instead.

    Stringoptional
    First name 6first6 given6 author-first6 author6-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.

    Stringoptional
    Author link 6author-link6 author6-link subject-link6 subject6-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.

    Page nameoptional
    Last name 7last7 author7 surname7 author-last7 author7-last subject7

    The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7' instead.

    Stringoptional
    First name 7first7 given7 author-first7 author7-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.

    Stringoptional
    Author link 7author-link7 author7-link subject-link7 subject7-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.

    Page nameoptional
    Last name 8last8 author8 surname8 author-last8 author8-last subject8

    The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8' instead.

    Stringoptional
    First name 8first8 given8 author-first8 author8-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.

    Stringoptional
    Author link 8author-link8 author8-link subject-link8 subject8-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.

    Page nameoptional
    Last name 9last9 author9 surname9 author-last9 author9-last subject9

    The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9' instead. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.

    Stringoptional
    First name 9first9 given9 author-first9 author9-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.

    Stringoptional
    Author link 9author-link9 author9-link subject-link9 subject9-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.

    Page nameoptional
    Collaborationcollaboration

    Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires author, last, or vauthors which list one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends 'et al.' to author name-list.

    Stringoptional
    Datedate

    Full date of the source; do not wikilink

    Datesuggested
    Workwork journal website newspaper magazine

    Name of the work in which the cited book text is found

    Stringoptional
    Publisherpublisher institution

    Name of the publisher; displays after title

    Example
    [[HarperCollins]]
    Stringsuggested
    Othersothers

    Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'

    Stringoptional
    Year of publicationyear

    Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known

    Stringsuggested
    ISBNisbn ISBN

    International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible

    Stringsuggested
    Editor last nameeditor-last editor editor-surname editor-last1 editor-surname1 editor1 editor1-last editor1-surname

    The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors

    Stringoptional
    Editor first nameeditor-first editor-given editor-first1 editor-given1 editor1-first editor1-given

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors

    Stringoptional
    Link for editoreditor-link editor-link1 editor1-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor

    Page nameoptional
    Editor maskeditor-mask editor1-mask editor-mask1

    Replaces the name of the first editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Vancouver style editor listveditors

    Comma separated list of editor names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional names in doubled parentheses

    Example
    Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corporation))
    Stringoptional
    Editionedition

    When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed by ' ed.'

    Example
    2nd
    Linesuggested
    Series identifierseries version

    Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal

    Stringoptional
    Volumevolume

    For one publication published in several volumes

    Stringoptional
    Location of publicationlocation place

    Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place

    Stringsuggested
    Place of publicationpublication-place

    Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'

    Stringoptional
    Publication datepublication-date

    Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink

    Datesuggested
    Pagepage p

    The number of a single page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both

    Stringoptional
    Page(s) citedpages pp

    A range of pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both

    Example
    5–11
    Stringsuggested
    Atat

    May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient

    Stringoptional
    Languagelanguage

    The language in which the source is written. Do not use the full language name; use ISO 639-1. Do not use icons or templates

    Stringsuggested
    Translator last nametranslator-last translator translator-last1 translator1 translator1-last

    The surname of the translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators.

    Stringoptional
    Translator first nametranslator-first translator1-first translator-first1

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators.

    Stringoptional
    Script titlescript-title

    For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:...

    Stringoptional
    Translated titletrans-title

    An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended

    Stringsuggested
    Chapterchapter contribution entry article section

    The chapter heading of the source; may be wikilinked or with 'chapter-url' but not both. For the contribution alias, see contributor-last

    Stringoptional
    Script Chapterscript-chapter

    Chapter heading for languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc); follows transliteration defined in chapter. Should be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script

    Example
    ja:東京タワー
    Stringoptional
    Translated chaptertrans-chapter

    An English language chapter heading, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended

    Stringoptional
    Typetype medium

    Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case

    Stringoptional
    Formatformat

    Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML

    Stringoptional
    ASINasin ASIN

    Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters

    Stringoptional
    ASIN TLDasin-tld

    ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US

    Stringoptional
    Bibcodebibcode

    Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters

    Stringoptional
    biorXivbiorxiv

    biorXiv identifier; 6 digits

    Lineoptional
    CiteSeerXciteseerx

    CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter

    Lineoptional
    DOIdoi DOI

    Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'

    Stringoptional
    EISSNeissn EISSN

    International Standard Serial Number for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space.

    Example
    2009-0048
    Stringoptional
    Handle System identifierhdl HDL

    Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet

    Stringoptional
    ISMNismn ISMN

    International Standard Music Number; Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional.

    Example
    979-0-9016791-7-7
    Stringoptional
    ISSNissn ISSN

    International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen

    Stringoptional
    jfm codejfm

    Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code

    Stringoptional
    JSTORjstor JSTOR

    JSTOR identifier

    Stringoptional
    LCCNlccn LCCN

    Library of Congress Control Number

    Stringoptional
    MRmr MR

    Mathematical Reviews identifier

    Stringoptional
    OCLCoclc OCLC

    Online Computer Library Center number

    Stringoptional
    OLol OL

    Open Library identifier; do not include "OL" at beginning of identifier

    Stringoptional
    OSTIosti OSTI

    Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier

    Stringoptional
    PMCpmc

    PubMed Center article number

    Stringoptional
    PMIDpmid PMID

    PubMed Unique Identifier

    Stringoptional
    RFCrfc

    Request for Comments number

    Stringoptional
    SSRNssrn

    Social Science Research Network

    Stringoptional
    Zblzbl

    Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier

    Stringoptional
    idid ID

    A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable

    Stringoptional
    Quotequote quotation

    Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation

    Stringoptional
    Refref

    An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates

    Stringoptional
    Modemode

    Sets separator and terminal punctuation to the style named in the assigned value; allowable values are: 'cs1' or 'cs2'

    Suggested values
    cs1 cs2
    Stringoptional
    Postscriptpostscript

    The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none'

    Default
    .
    Stringoptional
    Author maskauthor-mask author1-mask author-mask1

    Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Author mask 2author-mask2 author2-mask

    Replaces the name of the second author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Author mask 3author-mask3 author3-mask

    Replaces the name of the third author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Author mask 4author-mask4 author4-mask

    Replaces the name of the fourth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Author mask 5author-mask5 author5-mask

    Replaces the name of the fifth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Author mask 6author-mask6 author6-mask

    Replaces the name of the sixth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Author mask 7author-mask7 author7-mask

    Replaces the name of the seventh author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Author mask 8author-mask8 author8-mask

    Replaces the name of the eighth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Author mask 9author-mask9 author9-mask

    Replaces the name of the ninth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Display authorsdisplay-authors

    number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used

    Numberoptional
    URL access dateaccess-date

    The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink

    Dateoptional
    Original dateorig-date

    Original date of publication; provide specifics

    Stringoptional
    Last name of second editoreditor-last2 editor-surname2 editor2 editor2-last editor2-surname

    The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'

    Stringoptional
    First name of second editoreditor-first2 editor-given2 editor2-first editor2-given

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'

    Stringoptional
    Link for second editoreditor-link2 editor2-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor

    Page nameoptional
    Mask for second editoreditor-mask2 editor2-mask

    Replaces the name of the second editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Last name of third editoreditor-last3 editor-surname3 editor3 editor3-last editor3-surname

    The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'

    Stringoptional
    First name of third editoreditor-first3 editor-given3 editor3-first editor3-given

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'

    Stringoptional
    Link for third editoreditor-link3 editor3-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor

    Page nameoptional
    Mask for third editoreditor-mask3 editor3-mask

    Replaces the name of the third editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Last name of fourth editoreditor-last4 editor-surname4 editor4 editor4-last editor4-surname

    The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'

    Stringoptional
    First name of fourth editoreditor-first4 editor-given4 editor4-first editor4-given

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'

    Stringoptional
    Link for fourth editoreditor-link4 editor4-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor

    Page nameoptional
    Mask for fourth editoreditor-mask4 editor4-mask

    Replaces the name of the fourth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Last name of fifth editoreditor-last5 editor-surname5 editor5 editor5-last editor5-surname

    The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'

    Stringoptional
    First name of fifth editoreditor-first5 editor-given5 editor5-first editor5-given

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'

    Stringoptional
    Link for fifth editoreditor-link5 editor5-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor

    Page nameoptional
    Mask for fifth editoreditor-mask5 editor5-mask

    Replaces the name of the fifth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Last name of sixth editoreditor-last6 editor-surname6 editor6 editor6-last editor6-surname

    The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'

    Stringoptional
    First name of sixth editoreditor-first6 editor-given6 editor6-first editor6-given

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'

    Stringoptional
    Link for sixth editoreditor-link6 editor6-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor

    Page nameoptional
    Mask for sixth editoreditor-mask6 editor6-mask

    Replaces the name of the sixth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Last name of seventh editoreditor-last7 editor-surname7 editor7 editor7-last editor7-surname

    The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'

    Stringoptional
    First name of seventh editoreditor-first7 editor-given7 editor7-first editor7-given

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'

    Stringoptional
    Link for seventh editoreditor-link7 editor7-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor

    Page nameoptional
    Mask for seventh editoreditor-mask7 editor7-mask

    Replaces the name of the seventh editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Last name of eighth editoreditor-last8 editor-surname8 editor8 editor8-last editor8-surname

    The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'

    Stringoptional
    First name of eighth editoreditor-first8 editor-given8 editor8-first editor8-given

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'

    Stringoptional
    Link for eighth editoreditor-link8 editor8-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor

    Page nameoptional
    Mask for eighth editoreditor-mask8 editor8-mask

    Replaces the name of the eighth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Last name of ninth editoreditor-last9 editor-surname9 editor9 editor9-last editor9-surname

    The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'

    Stringoptional
    First name of ninth editoreditor-first9 editor-given9 editor9-first editor9-given

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'

    Stringoptional
    Link for ninth editoreditor-link9 editor9-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor

    Page nameoptional
    Mask for ninth editoreditor-mask9 editor9-mask

    Replaces the name of the ninth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead

    Stringoptional
    Display Editorsdisplay-editors

    Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set display-editors to the desired number. For example, |display-editors=2 will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed. |display-editors=etal displays all editors in the list followed by et al.

    Stringoptional
    Translator last name 2translator-last2 translator2 translator2-last

    The surname of the second translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator first name 2translator-first2 translator2-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator last name 3translator-last3 translator3 translator3-last

    The surname of the third translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator first name 3translator-first3 translator3-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator last name 4translator-last4 translator4 translator4-last

    The surname of the fourth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator first name 4translator-first4 translator4-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator last name 5translator-last5 translator5 translator5-last

    The surname of the fifth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator first name 5translator-first5 translator5-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator last name 6translator-last6 translator6 translator6-last

    The surname of the sixth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator first name 6translator-first6 translator6-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator last name 7translator-last7 translator7 translator7-last

    The surname of the seventh translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator first name 7translator-first7 translator7-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator last name 8translator-last8 translator8 translator8-last

    The surname of the eighth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator first name 8translator-first8 translator8-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator last name 9translator-last9 translator9 translator9-last

    The surname of the ninth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator first name 9translator-first9 translator9-first

    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.

    Stringoptional
    Translator linktranslator-link translator-link1 translator1-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators.

    Page nameoptional
    Translator link 2translator-link2 translator2-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second translator.

    Page nameoptional
    Translator link 3translator-link3 translator3-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third translator.

    Page nameoptional
    Translator link 4translator-link4 translator4-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth translator.

    Page nameoptional
    Translator link 5translator-link5 translator5-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth translator.

    Page nameoptional
    Translator link 6translator-link6 translator6-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth translator.

    Page nameoptional
    Translator link 7translator-link7 translator7-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh translator.

    Page nameoptional
    Translator link 8translator-link8 translator8-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth translator.

    Page nameoptional
    Translator link 9translator-link9 translator9-link

    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth translator.

    Page nameoptional
    Chapter URLchapter-url contribution-url section-url

    The URL of the online location where the text of the chapter can be found

    URLoptional
    Format of Chapter URLchapter-format contribution-format section-format

    Format of the work referred to by chapter-url; displayed in parentheses after chapter. HTML is implied and should not be specified.

    Example
    PDF, DOC, or XLS
    Stringoptional
    DOI broken datedoi-broken-date

    The date that the DOI was determined to be broken

    Dateoptional
    URL access levelurl-access

    Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')

    Suggested values
    registration subscription limited
    Stringoptional
    Archive URLarchive-url

    The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate'

    URLoptional
    Archive Formatarchive-format

    Format of the Archive

    Stringoptional
    Archive datearchive-date

    Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink

    Stringoptional
    URL statusurl-status

    If set to 'live', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live. Set to "dead" or 'usurped' for broken links. Entering 'unfit' or 'usurped' makes the original link not appear at all.

    Suggested values
    dead live unfit usurped
    Default
    dead
    Stringoptional
    Name list stylename-list-style

    Set to 'amp' or 'and' to change the separator between the last two names of the name list to ' & ' or ' and ', respectively. Set to 'vanc' to display name lists in Vancouver style.

    Suggested values
    amp and vanc
    Stringoptional
    viavia

    Aggregate or database provider, when different from the Publisher. Typically used for Ebooks.

    Example
    [[Open Edition]], [[JSTOR]]
    Stringoptional
    Bibcode access levelbibcode-access

    If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'.

    Auto value
    free
    Stringoptional
    DOI access leveldoi-access

    If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'.

    Auto value
    free
    Stringoptional
    HDL access levelhdl-access

    If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'.

    Auto value
    free
    Stringoptional
    Jstor access leveljstor-access

    If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'.

    Auto value
    free
    Stringoptional
    OpenLibrary access levelol-access

    If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'.

    Auto value
    free
    Stringoptional
    OSTI access levelosti-access

    If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'.

    Auto value
    free
    Stringoptional
    Issueissue number

    Issue number. This parameter is not supported by and should generally not be used with cite book. Consider that a different cite template may be more appropriate, such as cite magazine or cite journal. See Help:Citation_Style_1#Pages.

    Example
    3
    Stringoptional
    Authors listauthors

    List of authors as a free form list. This parameter is deprecated, use "lastn" or "firstn" (preferred) or "authorn" or "vauthors". Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used.

    Stringdeprecated
    Departmentdepartment

    Unusual in cite book.

    Unknownoptional
    Date formatdf

    Sets rendered dates to the specified format

    Stringoptional

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_book&oldid=810449908"

    Categories: 
    Templates based on the Citation/CS1 Lua module
    Templates generating COinS
    Citation Style 1 templates
    Book citation templates
    Book templates
    Hidden categories: 
    Wikipedia fully protected templates
    CS1: long volume value
    CS1 French-language sources (fr)
    Templates using TemplateData
     



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