Editing John Knowles Paine

{{Short description|American composer (1839–1906)}}

On arrival in Europe, Paine studied organ with [[Carl August Haupt]] and orchestration with [[Wilhelm Friedrich Wieprecht]] in Berlin. He also toured Europe giving organ recitals for three years, establishing a reputation as an organist that preceded his return to the United States. After returning to the US and settling in Boston in 1861, he was appointed Harvard's first University organist and choirmaster.<ref>Ann P. Hall, [http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2000/05.04/paine.html Celebrating John Knowles Paine's legacy] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406013351/http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2000/05.04/paine.html |date=2013-04-06 }} The Harvard University Gazette. Retrieved January 18, 2013.</ref> While acting in this role, Paine offered free courses in music appreciation and music theory that became the core curriculum for Harvard's newly-formed academic music department (the first such department in the United States), and he was appointed as America's first music professor. He remained a member of the faculty of [[Harvard]] until 1905, just a year before his death.

Paine's well-received 1867 Berlin premiere of his [[Mass in D minor (Paine)|Mass in D minor, Op. 10]] gave him a reputation that helped him to shape the musical infrastructure of the United States. His pioneering courses in music appreciation and music theory made the curriculum of the Department of Music at [[Harvard]] a model for American Departments of Music. His service as a director of The New England Conservatory of Music (and the lectures he gave there) established his place at the root of an instruction chain that leads (through [[Whitney Eugene Thayer|Eugene Thayer]]) from [[George Whitefield Chadwick|George Chadwick]] to [[Horatio Parker]]<ref>Bill F. Faucett, [https://books.google.com/books?id=yVeXqkoWlFcC&dq=jacob+paine+portland%2C+maine&pg=PP1 "George Whitefield Chadwick: The Life and Music of the Pride of New England"] Northeastern University Press, 2012.</ref> to [[Charles Ives]]. He was the first guest conductor of the [[Boston Symphony Orchestra]]<ref>[http://www.bso.org/brands/bso/about-us/historyarchives/georg-henschel,-the-first-bso-conductor/the-first-season-1881-1882.aspx "THE FIRST SEASON 1881–1882"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901210736/http://www.bso.org/brands/bso/about-us/historyarchives/georg-henschel,-the-first-bso-conductor/the-first-season-1881-1882.aspx |date=2017-09-01 }} Boston Symphony Orchestra. Retrieved January 18, 2013.</ref> in the final concerts of its first season, and his works were audience favorites.<ref>Peter G. Davis [https://books.google.com/books?id=qugCAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22If+you+would+give+us+joy%2C+oh+give+us+Paine%21%22&pg=PA88 "New World Symphonies"] New York Magazine, February 6, 1989. Retrieved January 18, 2013.</ref> Paine is noted for beginning American's symphonic tradition.<ref>{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20110108113933/http://robinsonlibrary.com/music/composers/paine.htm "John Knowles Paine"]}}. The Robinson Library. Retrieved January 18, 2013.</ref> He also wrote the oratorio, ''St Peter'' in 1872, and the Centennial Hymn that (with orchestra) opened the 1876 [[Centennial Exposition]] in Philadelphia. He was a founder of the [[American Guild of Organists]]. His writings include the book ''The History of Music to the Death of Schubert'' (pub. 1885), and he was co-editor of the book ''Famous Composers and their Works'' (pub. 1891) to which he contributed two chapters "Beethoven as Composer" and "Music in Germany".<ref>John Knowles Paine, Theodore Thomas, and Karl Klauser (ed). [https://archive.org/details/famouscomposers00unkngoog "Famous Composers and their Works"]. Boston, J. B. Millet company, 1891.</ref>

<blockquote>... Paine served the Harvard community for 43 years. By his presence and by his serious concern with music in a liberal arts college, he awakened a regard for music among many generations of Harvard men. His writings testify to his insistence upon the place of music within the liberal arts...<ref>{{cite encyclopedia

==In popular culture==

At the end of the episode "A Long Ladder" (S01E04) of the HBO television series ''[[The Gilded Age (TV series)|The Gilded Age]]'', in a scene set in New York in 1882, the [[Boston Symphony Orchestra]] is shown under the composer's direction performing Paine's [[Symphony No. 2 (Paine)|Symphony No. 2]]. The middle two movements are seen and heard in the episode: the Scherzo and the Adagio.

*[[Symphony No. 1 (Paine)|Symphony No. 1]], Op. 23

*[[As You Like It Overture (Paine)|''As You Like It'', Overture]], Op. 28

*''The Tempest'', Symphonic Poem, Op. 31

*[[Symphony No. 2 (Paine)|Symphony No. 2 in A major "''In Spring''"]], Op. 34

*Prelude from ''Oedipus Tyrannus'', Op. 35

*Poseidon and Amphitrite: an Ocean Fantasy, Op.44

*''Domine salvum fac Praesidem nostrum'', Op.8

*[[Mass in D minor (Paine)|Mass in D minor]], Op. 10

*''St. Peter'': An Oratorio, Op. 20 (1872)

*''Centennial Hymn'', Op. 27 (1876)

*''Oedipus Tyrannus'', Op. 35

*''The Realm of Fancy'', Op. 36

*''Phoebus, Arise!'', Op. 37

*[[Concert Variations]] on "[[The Star-Spangled Banner]]", [Op.1] – 1861

*Concert Variations on the ''Austrian Hymn'', Op. 3 #1

*Fantasy on ''[[Ein feste Burg]]'', Op. 13

*Prelude in B minor, Op. 19 #2

'''Hymn Tune'''

*''Harvard Hymn'' (tune used for a text beginning "Deus omnium creator" by James Bradstreet Greenough, customarily sung by the assembly at ceremonies conferring Harvard degrees) <ref>[https://legacy-www.math.harvard.edu/history/hymn/index.html "The Harvard Hymn" on a Harvard Mathematics website]</ref>

* {{cite web|url=http://harvardmagazine.com/2000/05/john-knowles-paine.html|title=Vita: John Knowles Paine|last=Somerville|first=Murray Forbes|date=May–June 2000|publisher=Harvard Magazine|access-date=2 December 2013}}

==Archives==

* [http://id.lib.harvard.edu/alma/990080407390203941/catalog John Knowles Paine scrapbook, musical scores and photographs, 1859-1906] at [http://hcl.harvard.edu/libraries/loebmusic/isham/ Isham Memorial Library, Harvard University] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218030134/http://hcl.harvard.edu/libraries/loebmusic/isham/ |date=2017-02-18 }}

[[Category:19th-century American male musicians]]

[[Category:20th-century American composers]]

[[Category:20th-century American male musicians]]

[[Category:American expatriates in Germany]]