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==Revolutionary War== |
==Revolutionary War== |
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When the [[American Revolutionary War]] began in April 1775, Parker enlisted in the [[Continental Army]]. He was promptly commissioned a major in the [[5th Virginia Regiment]] on February 13, 1776, promoted to [[lieutenant colonel]] on July 28, 1777, and became its [[colonel]] on April 1, 1778. His regiment served in Virginia under [[Charles Lee (general)|General Charles Lee]] until the autumn of 1776, when the 5th Virginia Regiment was transferred to [[George Washington]]’s army. The regiment thereafter saw action at the [[Battle of Trenton]], [[Battle of Princeton]], [[Battle of Brandywine]], [[Battle of Germantown]], [[Battle of Monmouth]] and the [[Siege of Charleston]]. |
When the [[American Revolutionary War]] began in April 1775, Parker enlisted in the [[Continental Army]]. He was promptly commissioned a major in the [[5th Virginia Regiment]] on February 13, 1776, promoted to [[lieutenant colonel]] on July 28, 1777, and became its [[colonel]] on April 1, 1778. His regiment served in Virginia under [[Charles Lee (general)|General Charles Lee]] until the autumn of 1776, when the 5th Virginia Regiment was transferred to [[George Washington]]’s army. The regiment thereafter saw action at the [[Battle of Trenton]], [[Battle of Princeton]], [[Battle of Brandywine]], [[Battle of Germantown]], [[Battle of Monmouth]] and the [[Siege of Charleston]]. |
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At the Battle of Trenton, Parker had the honor to receive Hessian Colonel [[Johann Rall]]'s sword of surrender and he alone holds a sword in the painting, ''[[The Capture of the Hessians at Trenton, December 26, 1776]]'' by [[John Trumbull]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ward|first1=Harry M.|title=For Virginia and for Independence: Twenty-Eight Revolutionary War Soldiers from the Old Dominion|chapter=Josiah Parker|date=2011|pages=60–61|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=scNEB1PtH_8C&lpg=PA187&pg=PA60|isbn=9780786486014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/IsleofWight/046-5049_Colonel_Josiah_Parker_Family_Cemetery_2004_Final_Nomination.pdf|title=NRHP Nomination: Col. Josiah Parker Family Cemetery| date=2004|publisher=Virginia Department of Historic Resources|page=15}}</ref> |
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Parker resigned from the army on July 12, 1778 and became a member of the [[Virginia House of Delegates]] for 1778, 1779, 1782 and 1783. During [[Cornwallis]]'s Virginia campaign in 1781, the notorious Colonel [[Tarleton]] ransacked his home.<ref>{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jEoOAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA299 | title=Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Virginia | author=William Meade| page=229| publisher=J.B. Lippincott & company| year=1891 }}</ref> |
Parker resigned from the army on July 12, 1778 and became a member of the [[Virginia House of Delegates]] for 1778, 1779, 1782 and 1783. During [[Cornwallis]]'s Virginia campaign in 1781, the notorious Colonel [[Tarleton]] ransacked his home.<ref>{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jEoOAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA299 | title=Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Virginia | author=William Meade| page=229| publisher=J.B. Lippincott & company| year=1891 }}</ref> |
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Parker then returned home and engaged in agriculture. He died in 1810, and was buried in the family cemetery on his plantation, "Macclesfield", in Isle of Wight County, Virginia. |
Parker then returned home and engaged in agriculture. He died in 1810, and was buried in the family cemetery on his plantation, "Macclesfield", in Isle of Wight County, Virginia. |
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==Legacy== |
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[[File:The Capture of the Hessians at Trenton December 26 1776.jpeg|thumb|left|''[[The Capture of the Hessians at Trenton, December 26, 1776|The Capture of the Hessians]]'' by [[John Trumbull]], Parker is on the far left, dressed in white]] |
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His grandson, [[Leopold Copeland Parker Cowper]], served in the Virginia House of Delegates as lieutenant governor in the [[Restored Government of Virginia]] during the [[American Civil War]]. |
His grandson, [[Leopold Copeland Parker Cowper]], served in the Virginia House of Delegates as lieutenant governor in the [[Restored Government of Virginia]] during the [[American Civil War]]. |
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A [[World War II]] [[Liberty Ship]], [[SS Josiah Parker|SS ''Josiah Parker'']], was named in his honor. |
A [[World War II]] [[Liberty Ship]], [[SS Josiah Parker|SS ''Josiah Parker'']], was named in his honor. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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Josiah Parker
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 | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Virginia's 11th district | |
| In office March 4, 1793 – March 3, 1801 | |
| Preceded by | District established |
| Succeeded by | Thomas Newton, Jr. |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Virginia's 8th district | |
| In office March 4, 1789 – March 3, 1793 | |
| Preceded by | District established |
| Succeeded by | Thomas Claiborne |
| Member of the Virginia House of Delegates from Isle of Wight County | |
| In office 1782–1783 Alongside John S. Wills | |
| In office 1779 Alongside John S. Wills | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1751-05-11)May 11, 1751 Isle of Wight County, Virginia |
| Died | March 11, 1810(1810-03-11) (aged 58) Isle of Wight County, Virginia |
| Political party | Federalist |
| Other political affiliations | Pro-Administration |
| Spouse | Mary Pierce Bridger |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | Continental Army |
| Years of service | 1775–1778 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Unit | 5th Virginia Regiment |
| Battles/wars | American Revolutionary War *Battle of Trenton *Battle of Princeton *Battle of Brandywine *Battle of Germantown |
| |
Josiah Parker (May 11, 1751 – March 11, 1810) was an American politician who was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia in the First through Sixth United States Congresses.
Parker was born at the Macclesfield Estate in Isle of Wight County, Virginia. In 1773, he married the widow Mary Pierce Bridger. They had one child, Anne Pierce Parker (ca 1775, Isle of Wight Co., VA - March 21, 1849).[1]
In 1775, Parker became a member of the state Committee of Safety. He attended the Virginia Convention that met in March, July, and December of that year.
When the American Revolutionary War began in April 1775, Parker enlisted in the Continental Army. He was promptly commissioned a major in the 5th Virginia Regiment on February 13, 1776, promoted to lieutenant colonel on July 28, 1777, and became its colonel on April 1, 1778. His regiment served in Virginia under General Charles Lee until the autumn of 1776, when the 5th Virginia Regiment was transferred to George Washington’s army. The regiment thereafter saw action at the Battle of Trenton, Battle of Princeton, Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Siege of Charleston.
At the Battle of Trenton, Parker had the honor to receive Hessian Colonel Johann Rall's sword of surrender and he alone holds a sword in the painting, The Capture of the Hessians at Trenton, December 26, 1776byJohn Trumbull.[2][3]
Parker resigned from the army on July 12, 1778 and became a member of the Virginia House of Delegates for 1778, 1779, 1782 and 1783. During Cornwallis's Virginia campaign in 1781, the notorious Colonel Tarleton ransacked his home.[4]
In August 1781, Lafayette sent him to Portsmouth, Virginia on a reconnaissance. He found the British had embarked for Yorktown. Parker recovered 25 cannons the British had thrown into the sea to prevent their capture.[5]
In 1786, Parker was commissioned a naval officer at Portsmouth, Virginia. He ran to become a delegate to the 1788 Virginia Convention, since he opposed surrendering Virginia's hard won independence by ratifying the United States Constitution.[6] However, he was elected to the First United States Congress, was reelected to the Second and Third Congresses. He was elected as a Federalist to the Fourth through Sixth United States Congress. Declaring it was time to "wipe off the stigma" of slavery that stained America, Parker became the first national legislator in American history to formally introduce an antislavery motion in congress.[7]
Parker then returned home and engaged in agriculture. He died in 1810, and was buried in the family cemetery on his plantation, "Macclesfield", in Isle of Wight County, Virginia.
His grandson, Leopold Copeland Parker Cowper, served in the Virginia House of Delegates as lieutenant governor in the Restored Government of Virginia during the American Civil War.
The Col. Josiah Parker Family Cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.[8]
AWorld War II Liberty Ship, SSJosiah Parker, was named in his honor.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |editors= ignored (|editor= suggested) (help)
| U.S. House of Representatives | ||
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| Preceded by District established |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Virginia's 8th congressional district 1789–1793 |
Succeeded by |
| Preceded by District established |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Virginia's 11th congressional district 1793–1801 |
Succeeded by |
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