Contents

List of Jamestown colonists

On 4 May [O.S. 14 May] 1607, 105 to 108 English men and boys (surviving the voyage from England) established the Jamestown Settlement for the Virginia Company of London, on a slender peninsula on the bank of the James River. It became the first long-term English settlement in North America.^[1][2]

The trips aboard the ships Susan Constant, Discovery, and the Godspeed, and the settlement itself, were sponsored by the Virginia Company of London, whose stockholders hoped to make a profit from the resources of the New World. The community suffered terrible hardships in its early years, including starvation and native attacks. With resupply and additional immigrants, it managed to endure, becoming America's first permanent English colony.^[3]

Once the settlement location was chosen, the company members opened sealed instructions containing the list of the previously chosen members of the Virginia Governor's Council. The first council president was Edward Maria Wingfield. The other six council members were Bartholomew Gosnold, John Martin, John Ratcliffe, George Kendall, Christopher Newport (ex officio) and John Smith.^[4]

Original settlers (May 1607)

Council members in bold.^[5][6] Titles and occupations are from era accounts, but use modern British spellings.

Between 105 to 108 settlers with 39 mariners (non-settlers) sailed aboard three ships.

• 1. Bragg, Thomas - Teenaged Deckhand of Christopher Newport
  2. Bragg, George - Teenaged Deckhand of Christopher Newport
  3. Browne, Oliver - Mariner
  4. Clarke, Charles - Mariner
  5. Collson (or Cotson), John - Mariner
  6. Crookdeck, John - Mariner
  7. Deale, Jeremy - Mariner
  8. Fitch, Mathew - Mariner (d. July 1609)
  9. Genoway, Richard - Mariner
  10. Godword, Thomas - Mariner
  11. Jackson, Robert - Mariner
  12. Markham, Robert - Mariner
  13. Morton, Matthew - Sailor
  14. Nelson, Francys (Francis) - Captain (d. winter 1612-1613)
  15. Poole, Jonas - Mariner (d. 1612)
  16. Skynner, Thomas - Mariner
  17. Turnbrydge (or Turbridge), Thomas - Mariner
  18. Newport, Christopher - Captain, Councillor ex officio (d. 1617)
  1. White, Benjamyn - Mariner
  2. Danynell
  3. Stephen

Settlers from First Supply (January 1608)

Aboard the John and Francis (captained by Christopher Newport) and the Phoenix (captained by Francis Nelson), 120 settlers left England in October 1607. Only 100 made it to Virginia to settle. When they arrived at Jamestown, there were only 38 to 40 men that had survived the summer and autumn.^[17][18][13]

Settlers from Second Supply (autumn 1608)

Quickly after the first supply, Captain Newport boarded 70 new colonists to the Mary and Margaret^{[note 2]}. First women colonists are noted with female sign (♀️).

Settlers from Third Supply (August 1609)

With 500 to 600 persons, a fleet of nine ships set sail in May 1609 led by Thomas Gates and George Somers. The ships were named Sea Venture, Diamond, Faulcon [sic],^[29] Blessinge, Unitie [sic], Lion, Swallow, Virginia, and Catch (ketch^[30]),.^[31]

In July, a tropical storm struck the flotilla. The Catch vanished with all aboard, and the Sea Venture shipwrecked on Bermuda, inadvertently colonizing the island.^[32] The seven remaining ships arrived at Jamestown only to bring diseased and hungry passengers to the stressed colony.^[33][34]

Council members in bold.^[5][6] Those who died at sea or in Bermuda are indicated with a Latin cross (✝️). Titles and occupations are from era accounts, but use modern British spellings.

Settlers from Fourth Supply (June 1610)

Survivors from Bermuda (137-142 passengers and crew)^[55] salvaged the Sea Venture, and built two ships: Deliverance and Patience.^[42] The ships made it to Jamestown on May 23rd to find only 60 starving colonists, and chose to abandon the colony.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (April 2024)

Patience and Deliverance (castaways from Bermuda and Sea Venture)

1. Henry Bagwell
2. Mistress Maria Thorowgood Buck^{[additional citation(s) needed]}
3. Richard Buck
4. William Capps
5. Edward Eason
6. Mistress Eason
7. Richard Frobisher
8. Thomas Gates
9. Thomas Godby
10. Stephen Hopkins
11. Elizabeth Joons
12. Silvester Jourdain
13. Matchumps
14. Elizabeth Powell (nee Persons)
15. Thomas Powell
16. Robert Rich
17. John Rolfe
18. Mistress Sarah Hacker Rolfe^{[additional citation(s) needed]}
19. George Somers
20. William Strachey
21. Robert Walsingham
22. George Yeardley

De La Warr's mission

At the same time, Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr and Samuel Argall (after hearing of John Smith's adventures), led a humanitarian mission from England with 150 men (including a doctor, some Frenchmen, a Swiss miner^[56]) and supplies.^[57] Aboard the Hercules of Rye, Blessing of Plymouth, and De La Warr^{[note 6]} ships, they intercepted the weary colonists departing Virginia and compelled them to return to Jamestown with the new provisions and passengers.^[58]

1. Captain Samuel Argall (d. 1626)
2. Doctor Lawrence Bohun^[15]
3. Humfrey Blunt^[59]
4. Reynold Booth^[15]
5. Captain Edward Brewster (Bruster)^[60]
6. Joan Chandler^[15]
7. Captain Ralph Hamor, secretary (d. c. 1626)
8. William Henrick Faldoe, a Swiss mine-hunter^[61]
9. William Julian^[15]
10. Richard Kingsmill, on the Delaware^[15]
11. Reverend William Mease (Mays)^[15]
12. Master Anthony Scott, ensign^[62]
13. Master Stacy^[63]
14. Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, "Lord Governour and Captain General" (d. 1618)
15. Fernando Weinman, gentleman, master of the ordnance^[64]

Other settlers in 1610-11

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (May 2024)

Inc. September, the Dainty arrived with "twelve men, one woman, three horses, and provisions..."^[63] Captained by Nathaniel West, the Mary Ann brought over widow Mistress Francis West.^[65] The Mary and Thomas^{[note 7]} brought over William Tucker.^[67]

The Hercules of Rye, which had left Virginia in July 1610, returned with Captain Adams in April, 1611 with 30 immigrants.^[68]

Settlers from Fifth Supply (May and August 1611)

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (March 2024)

Both Thomas Dale and Thomas Gates both led flotillas back to Virginia. Thomas Dale headed to the colony with 300 labourers, at the request of the London Company. The Starr, the Elizabeth, and Prosperous also carried horses, poultry, goats, and rabbits.^[69][70] Thomas Gates had ships Sarah,^[71] Tryall [sic]^{[note 8]}, Swan^{[note 9]} which arrived just after the Dale flotilla.

1. John Clark, pilot^[74]
2. Thomas Dale, "Marshall of Virginia" (d. 1619)
3. Cecily Jordan Farrar, girl (d. c. 1631)
4. Mistress Thomas Gates, wife of Gates^[75]
5. Daughter of Gates (I)
6. Daughter of Gates (II)
7. Reverend Mister Poole^[74]
8. William Spencer, yeoman^[71]
9. Thomas Sully
10. Reverend Alexander Whitaker^[74]
11. Robert Wright, sawyer^[76]

See also

• History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–1699)

Notes

Footnotes

References

Additional reading

• Bernard Bailyn, The Barbarous Years: The Peopling of British North America: The Conflict of Civilizations, 1600-1675 (Vintage, 2012)
• Warren M. Billings (Editor), The Old Dominion in the Seventeenth Century: A Documentary History of Virginia, 1606-1700 (University of North Carolina Press, 2007)
• James Horn, A Land as God Made It (Perseus Books, 2005)
• Margaret Huber, Powhatan Lords of Life and Death: Command and Consent in Seventeenth-Century Virginia (University of Nebraska Press, 2008)
• William M. Kelso, Jamestown, The Buried Truth (University of Virginia Press, 2006)
• David A. Price, Love and Hate in Jamestown (Alfred A. Knopf, 2003)
• Helen C. Rountree, The Powhatan Indians of Virginia: Their Traditional Culture (University of Oklahoma Press, 2013)
• Ed Southern (Editor), Jamestown Adventure, The: Accounts of the Virginia Colony, 1605-1614 (Blair, 2011)
• Tony Williams, "The Jamestown Experiment: The Remarkable Story of the Enterprising Colony and the Unexpected Results that Shaped America" (Sourcebooks Inc, 2011)
• Jocelyn R. Wingfield, Virginia's True Founder: Edward Maria Wingfield and His Times (Booksurge, 2007)
• Benjamin Woolley, Savage Kingdom: The True Story of Jamestown, 1607, and the Settlement of America (Harper Perennial, 2008)
• William M. Kelso, Nicholas M. Luccketti, Beverly A. Straube, The Jamestown Rediscovery Archaeology Project