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| image = Mordenite- |
| image = Mordenite-178958.jpg |
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| category = Zeolite |
| category = [[Zeolite]] [[mineral]]s |
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| formula = (Ca, Na<sub>2</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>)Al<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>10</sub>O<sub>24</sub>'''·'''7H<sub>2</sub>O |
| formula = (Ca, Na<sub>2</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>)Al<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>10</sub>O<sub>24</sub>'''·'''7H<sub>2</sub>O |
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| IMAsymbol = Mor<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3|pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43|bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W|s2cid=235729616|doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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| class = Pyramidal (mm2) <br/><small>(same [[H-M symbol]])</small> |
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| symmetry = ''Cmc2''<sub>1</sub> |
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| references = <ref>[https://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/MineralData?mineral=Mordenite Mineralienatlas]</ref> |
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'''Mordenite''' is a [[zeolite]] [[mineral]] with the chemical formula, ([[calcium|Ca]], [[sodium|Na]]<sub>2</sub>, [[potassium|K]]<sub>2</sub>)[[aluminum|Al]]<sub>2</sub>[[silicon|Si]]<sub>10</sub>[[oxygen|O]]<sub>24</sub>'''·'''7[[water|H<sub>2</sub>O]]. |
'''Mordenite''' is a [[zeolite]] [[mineral]] with the chemical formula, ([[calcium|Ca]], [[sodium|Na]]<sub>2</sub>, [[potassium|K]]<sub>2</sub>)[[aluminum|Al]]<sub>2</sub>[[silicon|Si]]<sub>10</sub>[[oxygen|O]]<sub>24</sub>'''·'''7[[water|H<sub>2</sub>O]]. and it is one of the six most abundant zeolites and is used commercially.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2005|title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry}}</ref> |
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It was first described in 1864 by Henry How. He named it after the small community of [[Morden, Nova Scotia]], [[Canada]], along the [[Bay of Fundy]], where it was first found. |
It was first described in 1864 by [[Henry How]]. He named it after the small community of [[Morden, Nova Scotia]], [[Canada]], along the [[Bay of Fundy]], where it was first found. |
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Mordenite is [[Orthorhombic crystal system|orthorhombic]] (a,b,c unequal & all angles 90 degree). It crystallizes in the form of fibrous aggregates, masses, and vertically striated prismatic crystals. It may be colorless, white, or faintly yellow or pink. It has [[Mohs scale of mineral hardness|Mohs]] hardness of 5 and a density of 2.1 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. When it forms well developed crystals they are hairlike; very long, thin, and delicate.<ref>[http://mineral.galleries.com/minerals/silicate/mordenit/mordenit.htm Mordenite information from Mineral galleries]</ref><ref>[http://webmineral.com/data/Mordenite.shtml Webmineral]</ref><ref name=Mindat>[http://www.mindat.org/show.php?id=2779&ld=1&pho= Mindat with location data]</ref> |
Mordenite is [[Orthorhombic crystal system|orthorhombic]] (a,b,c unequal & all angles 90 degree). It crystallizes in the form of fibrous aggregates, masses, and vertically striated prismatic crystals. It may be colorless, white, or faintly yellow or pink. It has [[Mohs scale of mineral hardness|Mohs]] hardness of 5 and a density of 2.1 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. When it forms well developed crystals they are hairlike; very long, thin, and delicate.<ref>[http://mineral.galleries.com/minerals/silicate/mordenit/mordenit.htm Mordenite information from Mineral galleries]</ref><ref>[http://webmineral.com/data/Mordenite.shtml Webmineral]</ref><ref name=Mindat>[http://www.mindat.org/show.php?id=2779&ld=1&pho= Mindat with location data]</ref> |
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Mordenite’s molecular structure is a framework containing chains of five-membered rings of linked silicate and aluminate tetrahedra (four oxygen atoms arranged at the points of a triangular pyramid about a central silicon or aluminium atom). Its high ratio of silicon to aluminum atoms makes it more resistant to attack by acids than most other zeolites.<ref name=eb /> |
Mordenite’s molecular structure is a framework containing chains of five-membered rings of linked silicate and aluminate tetrahedra (four oxygen atoms arranged at the points of a triangular pyramid about a central silicon or aluminium atom). Its high ratio of [[silicon]]to[[aluminum]] atoms makes it more resistant to attack by acids than most other zeolites.<ref name=eb /> |
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Mordenite is one of the most abundant zeolites in altered volcanic deposits; it is found in volcanic rock such as rhyolite, andesite, and basalt. It is associated with other zeolites such as [[stilbite]] and [[heulandite]]. Good examples have been found in [[Iceland]], [[India]], [[Italy]], [[Oregon]], [[Washington ( |
Mordenite is one of the most abundant zeolites in altered volcanic deposits; it is found in volcanic rock such as [[rhyolite]], [[andesite]], and [[basalt]]. It is associated with other zeolites such as [[stilbite]] and [[heulandite]]. Good examples have been found in [[Iceland]], [[India]], [[Italy]], [[Oregon]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], and [[Idaho]].<ref name=Mindat/> It is also found in marine sediments, as in the Ural Mountains and in dikes where water has attacked and altered [[volcanic glass]]es, as on the Isle of Arran in Scotland.<ref name=eb>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/391980/mordenite "mordenite"] Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Access date 15 Apr. 2009</ref> |
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==Use== |
==Use== |
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[[Image:Mordenite - Arabba, Trentino, Italia 01.jpg|thumb|Mordenite from Italy]] |
[[Image:Mordenite - Arabba, Trentino, Italia 01.jpg|thumb|Mordenite from Italy]] |
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* Synthetic Mordenite is used as a [[catalyst]] in the petrochemical industry for the acid-catalyzed [[isomerisation]] of [[alkanes]] and [[aromatics]]. |
* Synthetic Mordenite is used as a [[catalyst]] in the petrochemical industry for the acid-catalyzed [[isomerisation]] of [[alkanes]] and [[aromatics]]. |
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| ⚫ | * In New Zealand mordenite-bearing zeolitic tuff is dried and crushed to produce a variety of products including [[adsorbent]]s for soaking up oil/chemical spills and animal wastes, animal feed supplements, water treatment, and sports turf and slow release fertilizer.{{citation needed|date=October 2016}} |
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| ⚫ | * Sedimentary deposits of mordenite are present in several countries, especially in Bulgaria, Hungary, Japan and the United States. Quarried material is generally substantial, e.g., a recent estimate of the yearly production in Japan is 150,000 tons.{{citation needed|date=October 2016}} |
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* In New Zealand mordenite-bearing zeolitic tuff is dried and crushed to produce a variety of products including |
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* Apart from generic applications in the fields of agriculture and building industry (as [[dimension stone]]), uses are known as sorbent and [[molecular sieve]]<ref>{{Citation|last=Colella|first=R.|chapter=Scattering, Elastic (General)|date=2005|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Condensed Matter Physics|pages=193–199|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=9780123694010|doi=10.1016/b0-12-369401-9/00636-7}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | *[[Gas separation]] processes are reported for the production of high-grade O<sub>2</sub> from air by pressure-swing operating generators. Full-scale plants based on mordenite-rich tuffs have been operating in Japan since the end of the 1960. |
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| ⚫ |
* Sedimentary deposits of mordenite are present in several countries, especially in Bulgaria, Hungary, Japan and the United States. Quarried material is generally substantial, e.g., a recent estimate of the yearly production in Japan is 150,000 tons.{{ |
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* |
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==References== |
==References== |
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[[Category:Aluminium minerals]] |
[[Category:Aluminium minerals]] |
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[[Category:Zeolites]] |
[[Category:Zeolites]] |
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[[Category:Orthorhombic minerals]] |
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[[Category:Minerals in space group 36]] |
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{{silicate-mineral-stub}} |
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| Mordenite | |
|---|---|
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| General | |
| Category | Zeolite minerals |
| Formula (repeating unit) | (Ca, Na2, K2)Al2Si10O24·7H2O |
| IMA symbol | Mor[1] |
| Strunz classification | 9.GD.35 |
| Crystal system | Orthorhombic |
| Crystal class | Pyramidal (mm2) (same H-M symbol) |
| Space group | Cmc21 |
| Identification | |
| References | [2] |
Mordenite is a zeolite mineral with the chemical formula, (Ca, Na2, K2)Al2Si10O24·7H2O. and it is one of the six most abundant zeolites and is used commercially.[3]
It was first described in 1864 by Henry How. He named it after the small community of Morden, Nova Scotia, Canada, along the Bay of Fundy, where it was first found.
Mordenite is orthorhombic (a,b,c unequal & all angles 90 degree). It crystallizes in the form of fibrous aggregates, masses, and vertically striated prismatic crystals. It may be colorless, white, or faintly yellow or pink. It has Mohs hardness of 5 and a density of 2.1 g/cm3. When it forms well developed crystals they are hairlike; very long, thin, and delicate.[4][5][6]
Mordenite’s molecular structure is a framework containing chains of five-membered rings of linked silicate and aluminate tetrahedra (four oxygen atoms arranged at the points of a triangular pyramid about a central silicon or aluminium atom). Its high ratio of silicontoaluminum atoms makes it more resistant to attack by acids than most other zeolites.[7]
Mordenite is one of the most abundant zeolites in altered volcanic deposits; it is found in volcanic rock such as rhyolite, andesite, and basalt. It is associated with other zeolites such as stilbite and heulandite. Good examples have been found in Iceland, India, Italy, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho.[6] It is also found in marine sediments, as in the Ural Mountains and in dikes where water has attacked and altered volcanic glasses, as on the Isle of Arran in Scotland.[7]
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
