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{{Short description|Instinctive inclination of a carnivore to find, pursue and capture prey}} |
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{{redirect|Eye-stalking|the study of eye movement|Eye tracking|eye mounted on stalks|Eyestalk}} |
{{redirect|Eye-stalking|the study of eye movement|Eye tracking|eye mounted on stalks|Eyestalk}} |
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| ⚫ | [[Image:KeepstoneFetchcropped.JPG|thumb|right|A [[Border Collie]] [[Herding dog|herding]]. This behaviour is an example ofa modified prey drive.]] |
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{{expert-subject|date=December 2011}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Prey drive''' is the [[instinct]]ive inclination of a [[carnivore]] to find, pursue, and capture [[prey]]. The term is chiefly used to describe and analyse habits in [[dog training]]. |
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[[Image:KeepstoneFetchcropped.JPG|thumb|right|A [[Border Collie]] [[ |
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'''Prey drive''' is the [[instinct]]ive inclination of a [[carnivore]] to find, pursue and capture [[prey]]. The term is chiefly used to describe and analyse habits in [[dog training]]. |
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==Aspects== |
==Aspects== |
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The predatory motor sequence follows a sequence: search (orient, nose/ear/eye); stalk; chase; bite (grab-bite, kill-bite); dissect; and consume.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Coppinger |first1=Raymond |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D3YKOSc_JzEC&pg=PA13 |title=Dogs, A New Understanding of Canine Origin, Behavior, and Evolution |last2=Coppinger |first2=Lorna |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=2001 |isbn=9780684855301 |edition= |pages=116 |language=en}}</ref> [[Wolf|Wolves]] can use the whole 'sequence'. |
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In different breeds of |
In different breeds of dogs, certain steps of these have been amplified or reduced by human-controlled [[selective breeding]] for various purposes. The "search" aspect of the prey drive is usedin[[Detection dog|detection dogs]] such as [[bloodhound]]s and [[beagle]]s. The "eye-stalk" is for [[herding dog]]s. The "chase" is seen in sighthounds such as [[Greyhounds]] and [[lurcher]]s, while the "grab-bite" and "kill-bite" are for the training of [[terrier]]s. In most dogs, prey drive behaviour can occur without [[Reinforcement learning|extrinsic reinforcement]]. |
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In many breeds of dog, prey drive is so strong that the chance to satisfy the drive is its own reward, and extrinsic reinforcers are not required to compel the dog to perform the behaviour. |
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==Benefits== |
==Benefits== |
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In dog training, prey drive can be used as a performative advantage because dogs with strong prey drive are |
In[[dog training]], prey drive can be used as a performative advantage because dogs with strong prey drive are more willing to pursue moving objects such as toys, which can then be used to encourage certain kinds of behavior, such as that of [[greyhound racing]] or the speed required in [[dog agility]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Playing with Prey Drive: The Key to Attitude and Enthusiasm in Performance Dogs |url=http://www.thedogathlete.com/playing-with-prey-drive/ |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127044930/http://www.thedogathlete.com/playing-with-prey-drive/ |archivedate=November 27, 2011 |accessdate=December 6, 2011 |publisher=The Dog Athlete}}</ref> Prey drive can affect training in [[schutzhund|Schutzhunds]] as well.<ref>{{cite web |last=McWhinnie |first=Diane |date=January 7, 1997 |title=Understanding Prey Drive |url=http://flyballdogs.com/prey_drive.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517214534/http://flyballdogs.com/prey_drive.html |archive-date=May 17, 2017 |accessdate=December 6, 2011 |publisher=Flyballdogs.com |language=en}}</ref> |
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==Degrees== |
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Levels of prey drive often vary substantially in different dogs. Therefore, a dog with low drive does not make a successful detection or search dog, but a dog who is too high in prey drive may be unsuitable as a pet for a suburban home, as it may become bored and destructive when its high drive is not regularly satisfied. |
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| ⚫ | [[Retriever]]s is sometimes expected to chase prey and bring it back to the human hunter, but not bite or damage it. [[Bull Terrier]]s, such as the [[Staffordshire Bull Terrier]], have an amplified grab-bite as they were originally bred to [[bull-baiting|bait bulls]] (restrain bulls by hanging onto their noses), but never needed to find or stalk the prey. |
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==Balance== |
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Dogs are happiest and most balanced in overall behavior when their prey drive is properly stimulated and satisfied through [[play (animal behavior)|play]]{{Citation needed|date=April 2017}}. Many professional dog trainers consider the [[dog bite tug]] to be an effective training tool in prey drive and "retrieve" skills development.{{cn}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Prey drive is the instinctive inclination of a carnivore to find, pursue, and capture prey. The term is chiefly used to describe and analyse habits in dog training.
The predatory motor sequence follows a sequence: search (orient, nose/ear/eye); stalk; chase; bite (grab-bite, kill-bite); dissect; and consume.[1] Wolves can use the whole 'sequence'.
In different breeds of dogs, certain steps of these have been amplified or reduced by human-controlled selective breeding for various purposes. The "search" aspect of the prey drive is used in detection dogs such as bloodhounds and beagles. The "eye-stalk" is for herding dogs. The "chase" is seen in sighthounds such as Greyhounds and lurchers, while the "grab-bite" and "kill-bite" are for the training of terriers. In most dogs, prey drive behaviour can occur without extrinsic reinforcement.
Indog training, prey drive can be used as a performative advantage because dogs with strong prey drive are more willing to pursue moving objects such as toys, which can then be used to encourage certain kinds of behavior, such as that of greyhound racing or the speed required in dog agility.[2] Prey drive can affect training in Schutzhunds as well.[3]
Retrievers is sometimes expected to chase prey and bring it back to the human hunter, but not bite or damage it. Bull Terriers, such as the Staffordshire Bull Terrier, have an amplified grab-bite as they were originally bred to bait bulls (restrain bulls by hanging onto their noses), but never needed to find or stalk the prey.
