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| rowspan="2" |[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 6th Malaysian Parliament|VI]] |
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! rowspan="2" style="font-weight:normal" | <small>YdPA VIII</small><br/>[[Iskandar of Johor|{{nowrap|'''Iskandar'''}}]]<br /><br />{{small|(1984{{ndash}}1989)}} |
! rowspan="2" style="font-weight:normal" | <small>YdPA VIII</small><br/>[[Iskandar of Johor|{{nowrap|'''Iskandar'''}}]]<br />[[File:SI_Potret_0001_(4to3_portrait,_closeup).jpg|50px]]<br />{{small|(1984{{ndash}}1989)}} |
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| rowspan="2" bgcolor="#bdcbf5"|[[1986 Malaysian general election|{{smaller|1986}}]] |
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="#bdcbf5"|[[1986 Malaysian general election|{{smaller|1986}}]] |
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| Prime Minister of Malaysia | |
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| Perdana Menteri Malaysia ڤردان منتري مليسيا | |
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Emblem of the Prime Minister's Office
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Incumbent Anwar Ibrahim since 24 November 2022 | |
| Government of Malaysia Prime Minister's Department | |
| Style | Prime Minister (informal) Yang Amat Berhormat (formal) The Right Honourable (within the Commonwealth) His Excellency (diplomatic) |
| Member of |
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| Reports to | Parliament |
| Residence | Seri Perdana, Putrajaya |
| Seat | Perdana Putra, Putrajaya |
| Appointer | Yang di-Pertuan Agong |
| Term length | Five years, renewable |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of Malaysia |
| Inaugural holder | Tunku Abdul Rahman |
| Formation | 31 August 1957; 66 years ago (1957-08-31) |
| Salary | RM22,826.65/US$ 5,106 per month[1] |
| Website | www |
| This article is part of a series on the |
| Politics of Malaysia |
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List of political parties in Malaysia |
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Ideologies and concepts Race and politics |
 Politics portal |
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The Prime Minister of Malaysia (Malay: Perdana Menteri Malaysia; Jawi: ڤردان منتري مليسيا) is the head of governmentofMalaysia. The prime minister directs the executive branch of the federal government. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong appoints the prime minister as a member of Parliament (MP) who, in his opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs. This person is usually the leader of the party winning the most seats in a general election.
After the formation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963, Tunku Abdul Rahman, the chief minister of the Federation of Malaya, became the first prime minister of Malaysia.
According to the Federal Constitution, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall first appoint a prime minister to preside over the Cabinet. The prime minister is to be a member of the Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives), and who in his majesty's judgment is likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of that House. This person must be a Malaysian citizen, but cannot have obtained their citizenship by means of naturalisation or registration. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall appoint other ministers from either the Dewan Rakyat or Dewan Negara (Senate) with the prime minister's advice.
The prime minister and his cabinet ministers must take and subscribe to the oath of office and allegiance as well as the oath of secrecy in the presence of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong before they can exercise functions of office. The Cabinet is collectively accountable to the Parliament of Malaysia. The members of the Cabinet shall not hold any office of profit and engage in any trade, business or profession that will cause a conflict of interest. The Prime Minister's Department (sometimes referred to as the Prime Minister's Office) is the body and ministry in which the prime minister exercises his/her functions and powers.
In the case where a government cannot get its appropriation (budget) legislation passed by the House of Representatives, or when the House passes a vote of "no confidence" in the government, the prime minister is bound by convention to resign immediately. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong's choice of replacement prime minister will be dictated by the circumstances. All other ministers shall continue to hold office by the pleasure of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, unless if the appointment of any minister is revoked by his majesty upon the advice of the prime minister. Any minister may resign his office.
Following a resignation in other circumstances, defeat in an election, or the death of a prime minister, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong would generally appoint as the new leader of the governing party or coalition as new Prime Minister.
Malaysia uses first-past-the-post-voting system, which means a party or coalition who gets 112 seats in lower house will lead the government.[2]
The power of the prime minister is subject to a number of limitations. Prime ministers removed as leader of his or her party, or whose government loses a vote of no confidence in the House of Representatives, must advise a new election of the lower house or resign the office. The defeat of a supply bill (one that concerns the spending of money) or unable to pass important policy-related legislation is seen to require the resignation of the government or dissolution of Parliament, much like a non-confidence vote, since a government that cannot spend money is hamstrung, also called loss of supply.
The prime minister's party will normally have a majority in the House of Representatives and party discipline is exceptionally strong in Malaysian politics, so passage of the government's legislation through the House of Representatives is mostly a formality.
Under the Constitution, the prime minister's role includes advising the Yang di-Pertuan Agong on:
Under Article 39 of the Constitution, executive authority is vested in the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. However, Article 40(1) states that in most cases, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is bound to exercise his powers on the advice of the Cabinet or a minister acting under the Cabinet's general authority. Thus, in practice, actual governing authority is vested in the Prime Minister and Cabinet.
From time to time, prime ministers are required to leave the country on business and a deputy is appointed to take their place during that time. In the days before jet aeroplanes, such absences could be for extended periods. However, the position can be fully decided by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the king of Malaysia when the position remains empty following the sudden resignation or death of the prime minister.[citation needed]
Under Article 55(3) of Constitution of Malaysia, the lower house of Parliament, unless sooner dissolved by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong with his own discretion on the advice of the prime minister, shall continue for five years from the date of its first meeting. Article 55(4) of the Constitution permits a delay of 60 days of general election to be held from the date of dissolution and Parliament shall be summoned to meet on a date not later than 120 days from the date of dissolution. Conventionally, between the dissolution of one Parliament and the convening of the next, the prime minister and the cabinet remain in office in a caretaker capacity.[citation needed]
Colour key (for political coalitions/parties): Alliance Party (2) Barisan Nasional (6) Pakatan Harapan (2) Perikatan Nasional (1)
| No | Portrait | Title Prime Minister Office (Lifespan) Federal constituency represented (Reason for leaving office) |
Term of office & mandate[a] Duration in years and days |
Deputy Prime Minister (Term in office) |
Coalition (Party)[b] |
Government | Parliament | Monarch (Reign) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
His Highness Tunku Abdul Rahman تونکو عبد الرحمن (1903–1990) MLC for Sungei Muda, 1955–1959 MP for Kuala Kedah, 1959–1973 (Resigned) |
31 August 1957 |
22 September 1970 |
1955 | Abdul Razak Hussein (31 August 1957–22 September 1970) |
Alliance (UMNO) |
1st Cabinet Rahman I (1955–1959) |
– | YdPA I Abdul Rahman  (1957–1960) | |
| 1959 | 2nd Cabinet Rahman II (1959–1964) |
I | |||||||||
| YdPA II Hisamuddin  (1960–1960) | |||||||||||
| YdPA III Putra  (1960–1965) | |||||||||||
| 1964 | 3rd Cabinet Rahman III (1964–1969) |
II | |||||||||
| YdPA IV Ismail Nasiruddin  (1965–1970) | |||||||||||
| 1969 | 4th Cabinet Rahman IV (1969–1970) |
III | |||||||||
| 13 years and 23 days | YdPA V Abdul Halim  (1970–1975) | ||||||||||
| 2 | 
|
Tun Haji Abdul Razak Hussein عبد الرزاق حسين (1922–1976) MLC for Semantan, 1955–1959 MP for Pekan, 1959–1976 (Died in office) |
22 September 1970 |
14 January 1976 |
1974 | Ismail Abdul Rahman (22 September 1970–2 August 1973) (Died in office) |
Alliance (UMNO) |
5th Cabinet Razak I (1970–1974) | |||
| Barisan Nasional (UMNO) | |||||||||||
| Position vacant (2–13 August 1973) | |||||||||||
Hussein Onn (13 August 1973–15 January 1976) |
6th Cabinet Razak II (1974–1976) |
IV | |||||||||
| 5 years and 115 days | YdPA VI Yahya Petra (1975–1979) | ||||||||||
| 3 |
|
Tun Hussein Onn حسين عون (1922–1990) MP for Johore Bahru Timor, 1971–1974 MP for Sri Gading, 1974–1981 (Resigned) |
15 January 1976 |
16 July 1981 |
1978 | Position vacant (15 January–5 March 1976) |
Barisan Nasional (UMNO) |
7th Cabinet Hussein I (1976–1978) | |||
Mahathir Mohammad (5 March 1976–16 July 1981) |
8th Cabinet Hussein II (1978–1981) |
V | |||||||||
| YdPA VII Ahmad Shah (1979–1984) | |||||||||||
| 5 years and 184 days | |||||||||||
| 4 |
|
Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad محاضير محمد (b.1925) MP for Kota Star Selatan, 1964–1969 MP for Kubang Pasu, 1974–2004 (Resigned) |
16 July 1981 |
30 October 2003 |
1982 | Position vacant (16–18 July 1981) |
Barisan Nasional (UMNO) |
9th Cabinet Mahathir I (1981–1982) | |||
| Musa Hitam (18 July 1981–16 March 1986) | |||||||||||
| 10th Cabinet Mahathir II (1982–1986) |
VI | ||||||||||
| YdPA VIII Iskandar  (1984–1989) | |||||||||||
| 1986 | Position vacant (16 March–10 May 1986) |
11th Cabinet Mahathir III (1986–1990) |
VII | ||||||||
Abdul Ghafar Baba (10 May 1986–15 October 1993) |
YdPA IX Azlan Shah  (1989–1994) | ||||||||||
| 1990 | 12th Cabinet Mahathir IV (1990–1995) |
VIII | |||||||||
| Position vacant (15 October–1 December 1993) | |||||||||||
Anwar Ibrahim (1 December 1993–2 September 1998) |
YdPA X Ja'afar  (1994–1999) | ||||||||||
| 1995 | 13th Cabinet Mahathir V (1995–1999) |
IX | |||||||||
| Position vacant (2 September 1998–8 January 1999) | |||||||||||
Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (8 January 1999–31 October 2003) |
14th Cabinet Mahathir VI (1999–2003) |
X | YdPA XI Salahuddin  (1999–2001) | ||||||||
| 1999 | YdPA XII Sirajuddin  (2001–2006) | ||||||||||
| 22 years and 107 days | |||||||||||
| 5 | 
|
Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi عبد الله احمد بدوي (b. 1939) MP for Kepala Batas, 1978–2013 (Resigned) |
31 October 2003 |
3 April 2009 |
2004 | Position vacant (31 October 2003–7 January 2004) |
Barisan Nasional (UMNO) |
15th Cabinet Abdullah I (2003–2004) | |||
Najib Razak (7 January 2004–3 April 2009) |
16th Cabinet Abdullah II (2004–2008) |
XI | |||||||||
| YdPA XIII Mizan Zainal Abidin  (2006–2011) | |||||||||||
| 2008 | 17th Cabinet Abdullah III (2008–2009) |
XII | |||||||||
| 5 years and 155 days | |||||||||||
| 6 | 
|
Dato' Sri Haji Najib Razak نجيب رزاق (b.1953) MP for Pekan, 1976–1982, 1986–2022 (Lost reelection) |
3 April 2009 |
9 May 2018 |
2013 | Position vacant (3–10 April 2009) |
Barisan Nasional (UMNO) |
18th Cabinet Najib I (2009–2013) | |||
Muhyiddin Yassin (10 April 2009–29 July 2015) | |||||||||||
Ahmad Zahid Hamidi (29 July 2015–10 May 2018) |
YdPA XIV Abdul Halim  (2011–2016) | ||||||||||
| 19th Cabinet Najib II (2013–2018) |
XIII | ||||||||||
| YdPA XV Muhammad V  (2016–2019) | |||||||||||
| 9 years and 37 days | |||||||||||
| 7 | 
|
Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad محاضير محمد (b.1925) MP for Langkawi, 2018–2022 (Resigned) |
10 May 2018 |
24 February 2020 |
2018 | Position vacant (10–21 May 2018) |
Pakatan Harapan (BERSATU) |
20th Cabinet Mahathir VII (2018–2020) |
XIV | ||
Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (21 May 2018–24 February 2020) | |||||||||||
| 1 year and 291 days | YdPA XVI Abdullah  (since 2019) | ||||||||||
| During this interval, the incumbent Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad was the Interim Prime Minister. (24 February–1 March 2020) | |||||||||||
| 8 | 
|
Tan Sri Dato' Haji Muhyiddin Yassin محيي الدين ياسين (b. 1947) MP for Pagoh, 1978–1986, since 1995 (Resigned) |
1 March 2020 |
16 August 2021 |
– | Position vacant (1 March 2020–7 July 2021) |
Perikatan Nasional (BERSATU) |
21st Cabinet Muhyiddin (2020–2021) | |||
Ismail Sabri Yaakob (7 July–16 August 2021) | |||||||||||
| 1 year and 169 days | |||||||||||
| During this interval, the incumbent Prime Minister, Muhyiddin Yassin was the Caretaker Prime Minister. (16–21 August 2021) | |||||||||||
| 9 | 
|
Dato' Sri Ismail Sabri Yaakob اسماعيل صبري يعقوب (b. 1960) MP for Bera, since 2004 (Lost reelection) |
21 August 2021 |
24 November 2022 |
– | Position vacant (21 August 2021–3 December 2022) |
Barisan Nasional (UMNO) |
22nd Cabinet Ismail Sabri (2021–2022) | |||
| 1 year and 96 days | |||||||||||
| 10 | File:PM Anwar bin Ibrahim.png | Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim انور ابراهيم (b.1947) MP for Permatang Pauh, 1982–1999, 2008–2015 MP for Port Dickson, 2018–2022 MP for Tambun, since 2022 |
24 November 2022 |
Incumbent | (2022) | Pakatan Harapan (PKR) |
23rd Cabinet Anwar (since 2022) |
XV | |||
| Ahmad Zahid Hamidi Fadillah Yusof  (since 3 December 2022) | |||||||||||
| 1 year and 245 days | |||||||||||
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