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In [[US law]], '''public accommodations''' are generally defined as facilities, both public and private, used by the public. Examples include [[retail|retail stores]], [[renting|rental establishments]] and service establishments as well as [[educational institution]]s, [[Recreation|recreational facilities]], and service centers. |
In [[US law]], '''public accommodations''' are generally defined as facilities, both public and private, used by the public. Examples include [[retail|retail stores]], [[renting|rental establishments]] and service establishments as well as [[educational institution]]s, [[Recreation|recreational facilities]], and service centers. |
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Under [[United States federal law]], public accommodations must be accessible to the handicapped and |
Under [[United States federal law]], public accommodations must be accessible to the handicapped and may not discriminate on the basis of "race, color, religion, or national origin."<ref>{{citation|title=The ADA: Questions and Answers|url=http://www.eeoc.gov/facts/adaqa2.html|publisher=The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission|date=Jan 17, 1997|accessdate=Jul 23, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=The Civil Rights Act of 1964: Title II - Public Accommodation|url=http://www.citizensource.com/History/20thCen/CRA1964/CRA2.htm|accessdate=Jul 23, 2012}}</ref> Private clubs were specifically exempted under federal law<ref name="exempt-e">Sec. 201(e), Civil Rights Act of 1964</ref> but not religious organizations.<ref>Religious organizations and institutions were not mentioned in Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, but they received an exemption under [[Civil Rights Act of 1964#Title VII|Title VII]]. See ''Corporation of the Presiding Bishop of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints v. Amos'', 483 U.S. 327 (1987).</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Minow, Martha |year=2007 |title=Should Religious Groups Be Exempt From Civil Rights Laws |journal=Boston College Law Review |volume=48 |issue=|pages=781–849, page 820 |url=https://www.bc.edu/content/dam/files/schools/law/bclawreview/pdf/48_4/01_minow.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222125124/http://www.bc.edu/content/dam/files/schools/law/bclawreview/pdf/48_4/01_minow.pdf |archivedate=22 December 2014 |deadurl=no}}</ref> |
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Various states in the United States, in a number of [[Uniform Act|nonuniform laws]], provide for nondiscrimination in public accommodation. |
Various states in the United States, in a number of [[Uniform Act|nonuniform laws]], provide for nondiscrimination in public accommodation. |
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InUS law, public accommodations are generally defined as facilities, both public and private, used by the public. Examples include retail stores, rental establishments and service establishments as well as educational institutions, recreational facilities, and service centers.
Under United States federal law, public accommodations must be accessible to the handicapped and may not discriminate on the basis of "race, color, religion, or national origin."[1][2] Private clubs were specifically exempted under federal law[3] but not religious organizations.[4][5]
Various states in the United States, in a number of nonuniform laws, provide for nondiscrimination in public accommodation.
Federal legislation dealing with public accommodations include these:
Many states and their subdivisions prohibited discrimination in places of public accommodation prior to the enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title II).[6][7] As of 2015, 45 states have an anti-discrimination public accommodation law for nondisabled individuals.[8] The laws all protect against discrimination based upon race, gender, ethnicity, and religion.[8] There are 19 states that prohibit discrimination in public accommodation based upon age.[8]
Several states also have protections for breastfeeding in public.[9] In addition several states provide for non-discrimination in public accommodation when based upon sexual orientation and/or gender identity.[10]
Private clubs were exempted under federal law[3] but not in many states' laws. For example, in interpreting a Minnesota law in 1984,[11] the United States Supreme Court declared the previously all-male United States Junior Chamber, a chamber of commerce organization for persons between the ages of 18 and 36, to be a public accommodation, thus compelling it to admit women.[12]
On the other hand, religious organizations were not specifically exempted by federal public accommodation law, but several state statutes on public accommodation include such exemptions.[13]
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