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Tarawih (Arabic: تراويح) refers to extra prayers performed by Muslims at night in the Islamic month of Ramadan.
Region/country | Language | Main |
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Arab World | Arabic | صلاة التراويح (Ṣalāh al-Tarāwīḥ) |
Iran, Afghanistan | Persian, Dari | نماز تراويح |
North India, Pakistan | Urdu | نماز تراويح (Taraavi namaaz, taraave namaaz) |
Turkey | Turkish | Terâvih namazı |
Azerbaijan | Azeri | Təravih namazı |
Albania, Kosovo | Albanian | Namazi i teravive |
Balkans | Serbo-Croatian, Bosnian | Teravih-namaz, Teravija |
Bangladesh, West Bengal, North-east India | Bengali | তারাবীহ (Tarabeeh), তেরাবি নামাজ (Terabi Namaz) |
Greater Somalia | Somali | Salaada Taraawiixda |
Malay archipelago | Bahasa Indonesia, Bahasa Melayu, Basa Jawa | Salat tarawih, Solat tarawih |
West Java, Banten | Basa Sunda | Tarawéh |
Aceh | Basa Aceh | Seumayang Teurawèh |
Uzbekistan | Uzbek | Tarovih namozi |
Tarawih prayers are prayed in pairs of two and can be prayed in at least 08/12/20 raka‘āt according to the Hanafi and Shafi'i schools of [Islam]. A break is taken after every 4(2+2) raka‘āt. This prayer is performed only during Ramadan of the Islamic calendar after salatofIsha the last Tarawih prayers from moon-sighted evening (Start) to last day of Ramadan . Muslims believe it is customary to attempt a khatm "complete recitation" of the Quran as one of the religious observances of Ramadan by reciting at least one juz' per night in tarawih. Tarawih prayers are considered optional, not obligatory.
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In the hadith scriptures, the prayer Tarawih has been mentioned as Qiyamul Layl min Ramadan (Standing of night in Ramadan) and Qiyam-ar-Ramadan (Standing of Ramadan). Some Muslims regard the Tarawih prayers as Sunnat Mu'akkadah. Other Muslims believe tarawih is an optional prayer that may be performed at home. According to this tradition, Muhammad initially and briefly prayed the tarawih in congregation during Ramadan, but discontinued this practice out of fear it will be mandated but never forbade it, as evidenced in Ahadith.[1] During the time when Umar was the caliph, he reinstated the praying of Tarawih in congregation.[2]
The other view differs among the three main schools of thought, Ismaili, Twelvers and Zaydis. Alevi Muslims in Turkey, Twelvers and Ismailies have no Tarawih prayer and see it as bid‘ah (بدعة) introduced after the death of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).[3]
Instead, Twelvers believe in the Tahajjud prayer or Salatul Layl (night prayer) which Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) recommended. It is recommended throughout the year, especially during nights of Ramadan.[4]
Narrated Abu Salama bin `Abdur Rahman: that he asked `Aisha『How was the prayer of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in Ramadan?』She replied, "He did not pray more than eleven rak`at in Ramadan or in any other month. He used to pray four rak`at ---- let alone their beauty and length----and then he would pray four ----let alone their beauty and length ---- and then he would pray three rak`at (witr)." She added,『I asked, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Do you sleep before praying the witr?' He replied, 'O `Aisha! My eyes sleep but my heart does not sleep.』Vol. 3, Book 32, Hadith 230.[5]
Salat al-Layl or Tahajjud prayer is made up of eleven rak’ats.
In the last rak’at, Qunut is recited before or after ruku' and the Salat is completed as usual with Tashahhud and Salaam.
Some Muslims believe Tahajjud prayer or Bayt al-Khayal prayer is recommended throughout the year particularly on Friday (Jumma) or Chand Rat (First night of every Islamic month).
Salah (Islamic prayer)
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