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}}[[Tonj]] is a town located in [[Warrap State]], [[Bahr el Ghazal (region of South Sudan)|Bahr el Ghazal]] in [[South Sudan]]. It is known by various names, including ''Kalkuel, Genanyuon, Jurkatac, Madiera, BaburWasaka, Genngeu, and Tonjdit''. The town is bordered by [[Rumbek]], [[Cueibet County|Cueibet]], [[Yambio]], [[Bentiu]], and [[Gogrial]]. As of 2010, its population is 17,340. |
}}[[Tonj]] is a town located in [[Warrap State]], [[Bahr el Ghazal (region of South Sudan)|Bahr el Ghazal]] in [[South Sudan]]. It is known by various names, including ''Kalkuel, Genanyuon, Jurkatac, Madiera, BaburWasaka, Genngeu, and Tonjdit''. The town is bordered by [[Rumbek]], [[Cueibet County|Cueibet]], [[Yambio]], [[Bentiu]], and [[Gogrial]]. As of 2010, its population is 17,340. |
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== History and Economy == |
== History and Economy == |
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Tonj
Kalkuel
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A Catholic church in Tonj
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| Nickname:
Gen-ngeu
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  Tonj Location in South Sudan | |
| Coordinates: 07°16′48″N 28°40′48″E / 7.28000°N 28.68000°E / 7.28000; 28.68000 | |
| Country |  South Sudan |
| State | Warrap State |
| County | Tonj South County |
| Government | |
| • Type | Local Government |
| Elevation | 1,404 ft (427 m) |
| Population
(2010 Estimate)
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| • Total | 17,340 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
Tonj is a town located in Warrap State, Bahr el GhazalinSouth Sudan. It is known by various names, including Kalkuel, Genanyuon, Jurkatac, Madiera, BaburWasaka, Genngeu, and Tonjdit. The town is bordered by Rumbek, Cueibet, Yambio, Bentiu, and Gogrial. As of 2010, its population is 17,340.
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Tonj has played an important role in the history of South Sudan, particularly during the colonial period. During the Second World War, Tonj served as an essential economic strength for the British Empire in Africa. The British government built the first colonial school in Southern Sudan, called Princes School, in Tonj in 1944 as a gift to the Jur river chiefs who contributed smoked meat for ally forces during the war in North Africa. This school was headed by Eric Daniel, also known as Makerdit. Additionally, Tonj District was reported to have provided significant support to the British Empire through food logistics. Thousands of bulls and cows were collected from the area to be sent to the war front.
In 1912, Tonj and Gogrial were under the jurisdiction of the Jur River during the colonial period of British rule. The capital was in Gogrial, but prior to that, Tonj had a more favorable climate for human life than Gogrial. In 1922, the British government shifted the capital to Kalkuel, which became the capital of the Jur River. Tonj is one of the largest towns in Warrap and the oldest town in South Sudan, home to various tribes such as Dinka, Bongo, and JurChol. The town is divided into three counties - Tonj North, Tonj South, and Tonj East - and has undergone further subdivisions.
Tonj has produced many leaders during the colonial period and after the independence of Sudan and South Sudan, such as William Deng Nhial, Dr. John Garang De Mabior, and Omer Hassien Bashir, who have studied in some of the schools in the town. The town is also ranked as one of the oldest and most historical cities in South Sudan.
An influential politician from Tonj District, Veteran William Deng Nhial, was among the first ideological South Sudanese intellectuals to have argued for South Sudan's right to freedom. In 1996, when the Arab-based government wanted to create a state for Gogrial and Tonj Communities, they called it Warrap State. Warrap town is another small urban center within Tonj Region, and the capital was to be located in Warrap.
Tonj Region has a rich history, including being a very large constituency out of which Gogrial emerged, and Abyei Region before 1905 was part of its administration. In the early and late 1990s, the SPLM/A movement fighting the Khartoum regime was in the Tonj Region, around the areas of Thiet, Yinhkuel, Ngabagook, and Mayom Abun. Tonj and Rumbek were used during the war as logistics centers in the fight against the Arabs.
Dinka (Muonyjang) communities across South Sudan are well-versed with Wanhalel Dinka Customary Laws (Ganuun Wanhalel); all those laws that are now used to govern Dinka Communities were first drafted and formulated in Wanhalel, Tonj South.
Economically Kalkuel is a very rich region. It has plenty of oil underground waiting to be exploited for the benefit of the general South Sudanese and most of the swampy areas fall within this region between them and Unity State. Toich areas extend from the Konggor area, Lou Ariik, Apuk Padoc, Lou Paher, Thony Amoun Marol, and Luanyjang swampy areas. Tuony also keeps a lot of cattle.
When war broke out in 2013, Tonj sons and daughters did not aim guns against their fellow South Sudanese. In fact, the people of Tonj, just like most South Sudanese, participated in bringing peace back to South Sudan and defended the constitution and the sovereignty.
4. Akol Koor Kuc
5. Gen. Alieu Ayieny Alieu
6. Gen. Bol Akot Bol
7. Magok Magok
South Korean Fr. John Lee Tae-seok worked as a Catholic missionary, priest, doctor, teacher and mentor to the people of Tonj. He worked at the leper colony. Lee Tae-seok was responsible for the introduction of a school, the Don Bosco hospital as well as forming the nation's first brass band which brought fame to the town. In memory of Lee Tae-seok, who died of cancer in 2010, the Korean TV network KBS and the South Sudanese government are working on a joint project called “Smile, Tonj” to rebuild Tonj.[1][2][3]
Musician, actor and activist Emanuel Jal was born in Tonj.[4]
Humanitarian James Thuch Madhier[5] was born in Tonj.[6]
Medical Doctor, Thomas Taban Akot.[7][8]
Tonj has continued to send its children to schools but still faces limited access to education, especially in the rural areas. Notable Tonj schools include Don Bosco Primary and Secondary Schools, Bakhita Primary and Secondary Schools, and Makerdit Primary school, among others. Some of the few Tonj students that shocked South Sudan and East Africa, include:
Tito Yak Kuol shocked Kenya in both Kenyan Primary and Secondary Leaving Examinations. Tito Yak attended Harvard College, making him the first south Sudanese to have gone to Harvard College
Emmanuel Malou Deng shocked South Sudanese in his unparalleled performance in the South Sudan Secondary National examinations by being the fifth best student countrywide. Emmanuel has gone on to attend Columbia College (New York).
Mary Nyanbul Gum shocked both Sudanese, South Sudanese, and Tuony by being the first female South Sudanese to occupy the second position in the entire Sudan in 2013 Sudan School Certificate of Secondary Education. Nyanbul went on to attend Brown University and graduated College in 2020.
Albino Akol Atem also made a record in the Sudan School Certificate of Secondary Education by being the tenth best in the entire Sudan. He has gone to study at University of Juba, a premier University in South Sudan.
Three main roads lead out of Tonj:
Tonj is inhabited by two tribes, the Bongo and the Dinka. Dinka is divided into the following communities:
1. Luac-jieng
2. Akook
3. Thiik
4. Luac-koth
5. Ador
6. Kongoor
1. Bongo
2. Muok
3. Yar
4. Thony
5. Apuk Jurwiir
6. Malual
1. Lou Dit
2. Apuk Padoc
3. Konggor
4. Awan (Tonj)
5. Lou Paher
6. Jur Mananger
7. Noi
8. Atok
9. Abiem
10. Abuok
11. Leer
12. Nyang
https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/69360-kenyan-refugee-camp-harvard-university-story-tito-kuol https://www.eyeradio.org/secondary-school-2018-2019-results-top-10-states-students/ https://www.bridge2rwanda.org/news/all-24-group-10-b2r-scholars-receive-international-scholarships-to-study-abroad/ ==External links==
Authority control databases: Geographic  |
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