Bentiu is located in Rubkona County, Unity State,[1] in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan, near the international border with the Republic of the Sudan. It lies approximately 654 kilometers (406 miles), by road, northwest of Juba, the capital and largest city in the country.[2] Bentiu sits on the southern bank of the Bahr el Ghazal River that separates it from the town of Rubkona, which sits on the river's northern bank. The two towns are joined by the El Salaam Bridge that spans the river.[3] This bridge, along with a market, was bombed and partially damaged by North SudaneseMiG-29 bomber airplanes on April 23, 2012, during the Heglig Crisis.[4] At least three people were killed in the raid.[5]
The town was the administrative, political and commercial center of Unity state before its reorganisation in 2015 into the three new states of Ruweng, Southern Liech, and Northern Liech, and since the state's re-establishment.[7] The state governor maintains the headquarters of the state in the town, however the county headquarters for Rubkona County are situated in the town of Rubkona, across the river.
IDP Camp: United Nations Protection of Civilians Site Bentiu[edit]
In December 2014, between 40,000 and 50,000 people lived in Bentiu's refugee/IDP camp, located outside the ransacked town of Bentiu, and Doctors Without Borders had begun to provide medical services.[12]
A 2015 survey indicated that Nuer was the preferred language for radio and news in the camp.[13]
By 2016, the camp was considered the largest refugee camp in South Sudan, and over 120,000 people had sought refuge there to escape fighting. Conditions in the camp were especially difficult in the dry season, when temperatures can reach 115 degrees Fahrenheit.[14][15] Additional wells were drilled to increase the available water supply, with the assistance of the Groundwater Relief charitable organization.[16]
In November 2018, Doctors without Borders reported that a series of shocking attacks had occurred, against 125 women and girls who were walking to a food distribution center in Bentiu.[18][19] On December 20, the Government of South Sudan said "claims of sexual attacks on more than 150 women and girls outside Bentiu in Northern Liech State are unfounded and baseless."[20] The United Nations Mission in South Sudan deployed a human rights team to the area to investigate allegations of 150 rapes, added patrols for additional protection, and began clearing brush and vegetation from roadsides to deter attackers.[21]
A 2021 documentary, Voices from Bentiu, portrays the work of Doctors not Borders staff and patients.[22]
The population count at the camp as of October 2023 was fluctuating between roughly 100,000 to 160,000, as people sought refuge from armed conflicts and two years of flooding due to heavy rainfall.[23][24]
After the destruction during the Second Sudanese Civil War, infrastructure in and around Bentiu is now being rebuilt. The projects that have been rehabilitated, constructed, or restored include the following:
Bentiu is also the location of the planned Western Upper Nile University, a promise by the state's education officials to speed up the higher education system in what was then Unity state. Bentiu has three primary schools and two secondary schools. These schools were teaching in Arabic before 2005, and as of 2011, English is being taught.[28]
South Sudan
