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{{Short description|City in the Mexican state of Coahuila}} |
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{{About|the city in Mexico|other uses|Torreon (disambiguation)}} |
{{About|the city in Mexico|other uses|Torreon (disambiguation)}} |
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{{more citations needed|date=December 2014}} |
{{more citations needed|date=December 2014}} |
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|image_skyline = Collage de Torreón.jpg |
|image_skyline = Collage de Torreón.jpg |
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|imagesize = |
|imagesize = |
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|image_caption = '''From top to bottom from left to right:''' the Alameda Ignacio Zaragoza, the Cristo de las Noas, the Puerta de Torreón, the Plaza Mayor and the Plaza de Armas in the Historic Center |
|image_caption = '''From top to bottom from left to right:''' the Alameda Ignacio Zaragoza, the Cristo de las Noas, the Puerta de Torreón, the Plaza Mayor and the Plaza de Armas in the Historic Center |
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|image_flag = |
|image_flag = Bandera de Torreón, Coahuila.svg |
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|flag_size = |
|flag_size = |
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|image_seal = |
|image_seal = |
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|seal_size = |
|seal_size = |
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|image_shield = Escudo |
|image_shield = Escudo de Torreón.svg |
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|shield_size = |
|shield_size = |
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|image_blank_emblem = |
|image_blank_emblem = |
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|population_density_blank1_km2 = |
|population_density_blank1_km2 = |
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|population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |
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| demographics_type1 = [[GDP|GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values)]] |
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| demographics1_footnotes = |
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| demographics1_title1 = Year |
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| demographics1_info1 = 2023 |
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| demographics1_title2 = Total (Metro) |
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| demographics1_info2 = $54.9 billion<ref name="TelluBase">{{cite web|url=https://tellusant.com/repo/tb/tellubase_factsheet_mex.pdf|publisher=Tellusant|title=TelluBase—Mexico Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)| access-date = 2024-01-11}}</ref> |
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| demographics1_title3 = Per capita |
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| demographics1_info3 = $30,800 |
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<!-- General information ---------------> |
<!-- General information ---------------> |
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|timezone = [[Central Standard Time|CST]] |
|timezone = [[Central Standard Time|CST]] |
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|timezone_DST = [[Central Daylight Time|CDT]] |
|timezone_DST = [[Central Daylight Time|CDT]] |
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|utc_offset_DST = −5 |
|utc_offset_DST = −5 |
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|coordinates = {{coord|25|32| |
|coordinates = {{coord|25|32|31|N|103|24|30|W|region:MX|display=inline,title}} |
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|elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |
|elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |
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|elevation_m = 1120 |
|elevation_m = 1120 |
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'''Torreón''' ({{IPA-es|toreˈon|-|ES-pe - Torreón.ogg}}) is a city and seat of [[Torreón Municipality]] in the [[Mexico|Mexican]] [[States of Mexico|state]] of [[Coahuila]]. As of 2021, the city's population was 735,340. The metropolitan population as of 2015 was 1,497,734,<ref name="inegi.org.mx"/> making it the [[List of metropolitan areas of Mexico|ninth-biggest metropolitan area in the country]] and the largest metropolitan area in the [[States of Mexico|state]] of [[Coahuila]], as well as one of Mexico's most important economic and industrial centers. The cities of Torreón; Gómez Palacio, Durango; Lerdo, Durango; Matamoros; Francisco I. Madero; San Pedro; Bermejillo, Durango; and Tlahualilo, Durango form the area of '''La Laguna''' or the [[Comarca Lagunera]], a basin within the [[Chihuahuan Desert]]. |
'''Torreón''' ({{IPA-es|toreˈon|-|ES-pe - Torreón.ogg}}) is a city and seat of [[Torreón Municipality]] in the [[Mexico|Mexican]] [[States of Mexico|state]] of [[Coahuila]]. As of 2021, the city's population was 735,340. The metropolitan population as of 2015 was 1,497,734,<ref name="inegi.org.mx"/> making it the [[List of metropolitan areas of Mexico|ninth-biggest metropolitan area in the country]] and the largest metropolitan area in the [[States of Mexico|state]] of [[Coahuila]], as well as one of Mexico's most important economic and industrial centers. The cities of Torreón; Gómez Palacio, Durango; Lerdo, Durango; Matamoros; Francisco I. Madero; San Pedro; Bermejillo, Durango; and Tlahualilo, Durango form the area of '''La Laguna''' or the [[Comarca Lagunera]], a basin within the [[Chihuahuan Desert]]. |
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The area was originally a center for ranching. With irrigation, the city became an important center for farming and the processing of cotton. In the middle of the 20th century, it became an industrial city. The cities (i.e. the metropolitan area) have industries in textiles, clothing and metals processing. Some important industries and companies have business here, like [[Peñoles]], [[Deere & Company|Motores John Deere]], [[Grupo Lala]], Yura Corporation, as well as stores like [[Soriana]], Cimaco, and Extra. There are also several shopping malls in the city, including Galerias Laguna, Almanara, Plaza Cuatro Caminos, and InterMall. |
The area was originally a center for ranching. With irrigation, the city became an important center for farming and the processing of cotton. In the middle of the 20th century, it became an industrial city. The cities (i.e. the metropolitan area) have industries in textiles, clothing and metals processing. Some important industries and companies have business here, like [[Peñoles]], [[Deere & Company|Motores John Deere]], [[Grupo Lala]], Yura Corporation, as well as stores like [[Soriana]], [[Cimaco]], and Extra. There are also several shopping malls in the city, including Galerias Laguna, Almanara, Plaza Cuatro Caminos, and InterMall. |
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Torreón is served by [[Francisco Sarabia International Airport]], an airport with flights to several cities in [[Mexico]] and the [[United States]]. |
Torreón is served by [[Francisco Sarabia International Airport]], an airport with flights to several cities in [[Mexico]] and the [[United States]]. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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According to archaeological findings, the area of Torreón was populated around the 10th millennium BC. |
According to archaeological findings, the area of Torreón was populated around the 10th millennium BC. |
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| ⚫ | [[File:Único y último torreón en Torreón, capital del estado de Coahuila..jpg|thumb|One of the few remaining towers (Torreones) in the city.]] |
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The first Spanish mission arrived in 1566, led by Fr. Pedro Espinareda. However, the city developed only in the independent Mexican era, around a ''Torreón'' ("Big Tower") built to monitor Río Nazas's floods, in conjunction with the creation of a railroad connecting to the US border city of [[El Paso]], which gave an economic boom to the city and therefore a population boom as well. The population grew from 200 in 1892 to 34,000 in 1910. Torreón received city status in 1907. |
The first Spanish mission arrived in 1566, led by Fr. Pedro Espinareda. However, the city developed only in the independent Mexican era, around a ''Torreón'' ("Big Tower") built to monitor Río Nazas's floods, in conjunction with the creation of a railroad connecting to the US border city of [[El Paso]], which gave an economic boom to the city and therefore a population boom as well. The population grew from 200 in 1892 to 34,000 in 1910. Torreón received city status in 1907. |
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After the Mexican Revolution, the city continued to develop economically; during the first years of the 20th century, the primary industry of the city was farming, although other industries later formed or were established in the area. |
After the Mexican Revolution, the city continued to develop economically; during the first years of the 20th century, the primary industry of the city was farming, although other industries later formed or were established in the area. |
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[[File:Cañon de Jimulco - panoramio.jpg|thumb|left|Jimulco Canyon near Torreón.]] |
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On September 15, 2007, Torreón celebrated its first 100 years as a chartered city. It held a series of cultural events from September 15, 2006, to September 15, 2007, culminating on the day that the city turned 100 years old. |
On September 15, 2007, Torreón celebrated its first 100 years as a chartered city. It held a series of cultural events from September 15, 2006, to September 15, 2007, culminating on the day that the city turned 100 years old. |
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== Geography |
== Geography == |
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| ⚫ | [[File:Único y último torreón en Torreón, capital del estado de Coahuila..jpg|thumb|One of the few remaining towers (Torreones) in the city.]] |
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Torreón is near the southwest border of the state of Coahuila, within the [[Comarca Lagunera|Laguna]] region of the state. The border is delineated by the [[Río Nazas|Nazas River]] that separates it from Gómez Palacio, Durango. The municipality covers {{convert|1947.7|km2|sqmi|1|abbr=on}}, including much of the rural area south of the city. The city's elevation is {{convert|1120|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}}, which is low for the Mexican interior. The terrain where the urban area is spread is generally flat, with somewhat prominent relief formations (up to {{convert|1600|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} south and southwest of the city, thus visible at well-nigh any given point in the city. Higher mountains, over {{convert|3000|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, are on the southern, mostly uninhabited section of the Municipality, the most prominent being El Picacho. |
Torreón is near the southwest border of the state of Coahuila, within the [[Comarca Lagunera|Laguna]] region of the state. The border is delineated by the [[Río Nazas|Nazas River]] that separates it from Gómez Palacio, Durango. The municipality covers {{convert|1947.7|km2|sqmi|1|abbr=on}}, including much of the rural area south of the city. The city's elevation is {{convert|1120|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}}, which is low for the Mexican interior. The terrain where the urban area is spread is generally flat, with somewhat prominent relief formations (up to {{convert|1600|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} south and southwest of the city, thus visible at well-nigh any given point in the city. Higher mountains, over {{convert|3000|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, are on the southern, mostly uninhabited section of the Municipality, the most prominent being El Picacho. |
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===Climate=== |
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[[File:Torreon monumento.jpg|thumb|''El Torreón'' monument.]] |
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The city features a [[desert]] climate (in the [[Köppen climate classification]] ''BWh''). Rainfall is scarce but more prominent in the summer, whilst temperatures are very hot by day and cool at night, although the [[urban heat island]] effect causes temperatures on summer nights to be considerably warmer than nearby areas. Flora and fauna are those common to [[semidesert]] habitats. |
The city features a [[desert]] climate (in the [[Köppen climate classification]] ''BWh''). Rainfall is scarce but more prominent in the summer, whilst temperatures are very hot by day and cool at night, although the [[urban heat island]] effect causes temperatures on summer nights to be considerably warmer than nearby areas. Flora and fauna are those common to [[semidesert]] habitats. |
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[[File:Torreón en el jardín principal de la ciudad de Torreón, Coahuila.jpg|thumb|The main tower of the central plaza of Torreón]] |
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<div style="width:70%;"> |
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{{Weather box |
{{Weather box |
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|location = Torreón (1951–2010) |
|location = Torreón (1951–2010) |
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|Jan record high C = 35.0 |
|Jan record high C = 35.0 |
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|Feb record high C = 35.0 |
|Feb record high C = 35.0 |
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|Mar record high C = |
|Mar record high C = 40.6 |
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|Apr record high C = 41.2 |
|Apr record high C = 41.2 |
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|May record high C = 42.2 |
|May record high C = 42.2 |
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| work = CLIMAT monthly weather summaries |
| work = CLIMAT monthly weather summaries |
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| publisher = Ogimet |
| publisher = Ogimet |
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| access-date = 20 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=76382&ano=2021&mes=12&day=28&hora=12&min=0&ndays=30|title= 76382: |
| access-date = 20 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=76382&ano=2021&mes=12&day=28&hora=12&min=0&ndays=30|title= 76382: Torreon, Coah. (Mexico)|author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 27 December 2021|website=ogimet.com |publisher=[[OGIMET]] |access-date= 28 December 2021|quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=76382&ano=2022&mes=3&day=30&hora=12&min=0&ndays=30|title= 76382: Torreon, Coah. (Mexico)|author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 29 March 2022|website=ogimet.com |publisher=OGIMET |access-date= 30 March 2022|quote=}}</ref> |
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|date=December 2011 |
|date=December 2011 |
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}} |
}} |
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</div> |
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[[File:El Quijote Torreon Coah.jpg|thumb|Statue of Don Quijote.]] |
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== Main sights == |
== Main sights == |
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| ⚫ | [[File:Canal de la Perla Torreon Coah.jpg|thumb|El Canal de la Perla.]]''[[Cristo de las Noas]]'', at {{convert|21.80|m|ft|1|abbr=on}}, is the third tallest statue of Christ in [[Latin America]], only smaller than the statue of ''[[Christ the Redeemer (statue)|Christ The Redeemer]]'' in [[Brazil]] and ''[[Cristo de la Concordia]]'' in [[Cochabamba]], [[Bolivia]]. Situated on the top of a hill, this image of Jesus with extended arms symbolises protection for the inhabitants of Torreon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.traveltorreon.com/english/cristo-de-las-noas.php|title=Cristo de las Noas|author=Travel Torreón|access-date=28 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717093557/http://www.traveltorreon.com/english/cristo-de-las-noas.php|archive-date=2011-07-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> The hilltop has a Catholic church and offers a view of the entire city.<ref>{{Dead link|date=July 2010}}{{cite web |url=http://www.torreon.gob.mx/english/the_city/turism/museos/cerrodelasnoas_english.php |title=Cristo de las Noas |access-date=2007-09-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070814040914/http://www.torreon.gob.mx/english/the_city/turism/museos/cerrodelasnoas_english.php |archive-date = August 14, 2007}}</ref> |
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[[File:Centrocomercialtorreon.jpg|thumb|Cuatro Caminos Mall|left]] |
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| ⚫ | ''[[Cristo de las Noas]]'', at {{convert|21.80|m|ft|1|abbr=on}}, is the third tallest statue of Christ in [[Latin America]], only smaller than the statue of ''[[Christ the Redeemer (statue)|Christ The Redeemer]]'' in [[Brazil]] and ''[[Cristo de la Concordia]]'' in [[Cochabamba]], [[Bolivia]]. Situated on the top of a hill, this image of Jesus with extended arms symbolises protection for the inhabitants of Torreon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.traveltorreon.com/english/cristo-de-las-noas.php|title=Cristo de las Noas|author=Travel Torreón|access-date=28 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717093557/http://www.traveltorreon.com/english/cristo-de-las-noas.php|archive-date=2011-07-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> The hilltop has a Catholic church and offers a view of the entire city.<ref>{{Dead link|date=July 2010}}{{cite web |url=http://www.torreon.gob.mx/english/the_city/turism/museos/cerrodelasnoas_english.php |title=Cristo de las Noas |access-date=2007-09-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070814040914/http://www.torreon.gob.mx/english/the_city/turism/museos/cerrodelasnoas_english.php |archive-date = August 14, 2007}}</ref> |
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There are also several shopping centers in the city, including Galerias Laguna, Plaza Cuatro Caminos, and Intermall. |
There are also several shopping centers in the city, including Galerias Laguna, Plaza Cuatro Caminos, and Intermall. |
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[[File:Canal de la Perla Torreon Coah.jpg|thumb|El Canal de la Perla.]] |
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The "Canal de la Perla" (the Pearl Watercourse), an underground watercourse built in the 19th century to drive the Nazas' river water to the fields near the city, was re-discovered in 2003 and re-opened in 2014. It now passes under the oldest part of the city and it can be visited and walked through. It is also used for cultural and artistic exhibitions. |
The "Canal de la Perla" (the Pearl Watercourse), an underground watercourse built in the 19th century to drive the Nazas' river water to the fields near the city, was re-discovered in 2003 and re-opened in 2014. It now passes under the oldest part of the city and it can be visited and walked through. It is also used for cultural and artistic exhibitions. |
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== Education == |
== Education == |
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| ⚫ | [[File:Edificio_D_Ibero_Torreón.jpg|right|thumb|Building at the Iberoamerican University]] |
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=== Universities === |
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Torreón and the surrounding ''comarca'' are served by several public and private universities. Some of the most recognized institutions in the area are: |
Torreón and the surrounding ''comarca'' are served by several public and private universities. Some of the most recognized institutions in the area are: |
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* [[Autonomous University of the Northeast]] (Universidad Autónoma del Noreste (UANE)) |
* [[Autonomous University of the Northeast]] (Universidad Autónoma del Noreste (UANE)) |
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* [[Iberoamerican University Torreón]] (Universidad Iberoamericana Torreón (Ibero)) |
* [[Iberoamerican University Torreón]] (Universidad Iberoamericana Torreón (Ibero)) |
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| ⚫ | [[File:Edificio_D_Ibero_Torreón.jpg|right|thumb|Building at the Iberoamerican University]] |
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* [[Valley of Mexico University]] (Universidad del Valle de México (UVM)) |
* [[Valley of Mexico University]] (Universidad del Valle de México (UVM)) |
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* [[Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education]] (Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM)) |
* [[Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education]] (Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM)) |
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* [[Torreon Institute of Technology]] (Instituto Tecnológico de Torreón) |
* [[Torreon Institute of Technology]] (Instituto Tecnológico de Torreón) |
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* [[Torreon Technological University]] (Universidad Tecnológica de Torreón) |
* [[Torreon Technological University]] (Universidad Tecnológica de Torreón) |
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* [[Universidad La Salle México]] (ULSA), Laguna |
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== Sports == |
== Sports == |
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[[File:Un partido de Santos Laguna vs. Gimnasia de La Plata.jpg|thumb|[[Estadio Corona]].]] |
[[File:Un partido de Santos Laguna vs. Gimnasia de La Plata.jpg|thumb|[[Estadio Corona]].]] |
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Torreón has a [[association football|football]] team in the [[Liga MX]] |
Torreón has a [[association football|football]] team in the [[Liga MX]] named [[Santos Laguna]]. The team won championships in 1996, 2001, 2008, 2012, 2015, and 2018. It used to play in [[Estadio Corona]], until 2009 when it moved to the [[Territorio Santos Modelo]] to meet the growing demands of its fan base. |
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The city is also home to a [[baseball]] team called "[[Vaqueros Laguna]]" (Laguna Cowboys) of the [[Mexican League]]. They play at [[Estadio Revolución]]. |
The city is also home to a [[baseball]] team called "[[Vaqueros Laguna]]" (Laguna Cowboys) of the [[Mexican League]]. They play at [[Estadio Revolución]]. |
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*{{flagicon|USA}} [[El Paso, Texas|El Paso]], United States |
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[El Paso, Texas|El Paso]], United States |
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== |
==Notable people== |
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*[[Carlos Acevedo]], footballer |
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| ⚫ | |||
*[[William Andrew Archer]], American botanist |
*[[William Andrew Archer]], American botanist |
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*[[ |
*[[Bandido (wrestler)|Bandido]], professional wrestler |
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*[[Carlos Ferro (Mexican actor)|Carlos Ferro]], actor |
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*[[Mariana Bayón]], winner of the first cycle of ''Mexico's Next Top Model'' |
*[[Mariana Bayón]], winner of the first cycle of ''Mexico's Next Top Model'' |
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*[[Demián Bichir]], actor |
*[[Demián Bichir]], actor |
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*[[Odiseo Bichir]], actor |
*[[Odiseo Bichir]], actor |
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*[[ |
*[[Black Warrior (wrestler)|Black Warrior]], wrestler |
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*[[ |
*[[Ronaldo Cisneros]], footballer |
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*[[ |
*[[Carlos Ferro (Mexican actor)|Carlos Ferro]], actor |
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*[[Raúl Méndez]], actor |
*[[Raúl Méndez]], actor |
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| ⚫ | |||
*[[Pablo Montero]], singer |
*[[Pablo Montero]], singer |
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*[[Oribe Peralta]], footballer |
*[[Oribe Peralta]], footballer |
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*[[Pilar Rioja]], dancer |
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*[[Carmen Salinas]], actress |
*[[Carmen Salinas]], actress |
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*[[Jorge Sánchez (footballer, born 1997)|Jorge Sánchez]], footballer |
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| ⚫ | |||
*[[Alberto Vázquez (singer)|Alberto Vázquez]], singer |
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| ⚫ | |||
*[[Bandido (wrestler)|Bandido]], professional wrestler |
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*[[Sergio Villarreal Barragán]], Mexican [[drug lord]] and former leader of [[Beltrán-Leyva Cartel]] |
*[[Sergio Villarreal Barragán]], Mexican [[drug lord]] and former leader of [[Beltrán-Leyva Cartel]] |
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*[[Dr. Wagner Jr.]], wrestler |
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*[[Humberto Zurita]], actor |
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== References == |
== References == |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070203230546/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_coahuila Coahuila] Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070203230546/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_coahuila Coahuila] Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México |
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{{Comarca Lagunera metropolitan area}} |
{{Comarca Lagunera metropolitan area}} |
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{{Coahuila}} |
{{Coahuila}} |
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 |
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Find sources: "Torreón" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Torreón, Coahuila
| |
|---|---|
From top to bottom from left to right: the Alameda Ignacio Zaragoza, the Cristo de las Noas, the Puerta de Torreón, the Plaza Mayor and the Plaza de Armas in the Historic Center
| |
Flag 
Coat of arms | |
| Nickname:
La Ciudad de los Grandes Esfuerzos (The City of the Big Efforts)
| |
  Torreón, Coahuila Location in Mexico Show map of Coahuila Torreón, Coahuila Torreón, Coahuila (Mexico) Show map of Mexico | |
| Coordinates: 25°32′31″N 103°24′30″W / 25.54194°N 103.40833°W / 25.54194; -103.40833 | |
| Country |  Mexico |
| State | Coahuila |
| Municipality | Torreón |
| Established | September 25, 1893 |
| Declared city: | September 15, 1907 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Roman Alberto Cepeda (Institutional Revolution Party PRI) (2022–2024) |
| Elevation | 1,120 m (3,670 ft) |
| Population
(2015)
| |
| • City | 735,340 (2,021)[1] |
| • Metro | 1,497,734 (2,015) [2] |
| GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values) | |
| • Year | 2023 |
| • Total (Metro) | $54.9 billion[3] |
| • Per capita | $30,800 |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| Area code | 871 |
| Website | Official site |
Torreón (Spanish pronunciation: [toreˈon] ⓘ) is a city and seat of Torreón Municipality in the Mexican stateofCoahuila. As of 2021, the city's population was 735,340. The metropolitan population as of 2015 was 1,497,734,[2] making it the ninth-biggest metropolitan area in the country and the largest metropolitan area in the stateofCoahuila, as well as one of Mexico's most important economic and industrial centers. The cities of Torreón; Gómez Palacio, Durango; Lerdo, Durango; Matamoros; Francisco I. Madero; San Pedro; Bermejillo, Durango; and Tlahualilo, Durango form the area of La Laguna or the Comarca Lagunera, a basin within the Chihuahuan Desert.
The area was originally a center for ranching. With irrigation, the city became an important center for farming and the processing of cotton. In the middle of the 20th century, it became an industrial city. The cities (i.e. the metropolitan area) have industries in textiles, clothing and metals processing. Some important industries and companies have business here, like Peñoles, Motores John Deere, Grupo Lala, Yura Corporation, as well as stores like Soriana, Cimaco, and Extra. There are also several shopping malls in the city, including Galerias Laguna, Almanara, Plaza Cuatro Caminos, and InterMall.
Torreón is served by Francisco Sarabia International Airport, an airport with flights to several cities in Mexico and the United States.
According to archaeological findings, the area of Torreón was populated around the 10th millennium BC.
The first Spanish mission arrived in 1566, led by Fr. Pedro Espinareda. However, the city developed only in the independent Mexican era, around a Torreón ("Big Tower") built to monitor Río Nazas's floods, in conjunction with the creation of a railroad connecting to the US border city of El Paso, which gave an economic boom to the city and therefore a population boom as well. The population grew from 200 in 1892 to 34,000 in 1910. Torreón received city status in 1907.
During the Mexican Revolution (1910–1920), the city was taken more than once; the most prominent character ever to take the city was the revolutionary general Pancho Villa. It was also the location of the 1911 Torreón massacre, where 303 Chinese immigrants were killed by the revolutionaries over a ten-hour period.[4][5] During the revolution, Torreón was also the site of an important convention that led to a deal between the rebellious armies. The city is 56 km (35 mi) southwest of historic San Pedro de las Colonias, where some of the Mexican Revolution battles occurred.
After the Mexican Revolution, the city continued to develop economically; during the first years of the 20th century, the primary industry of the city was farming, although other industries later formed or were established in the area.
On September 15, 2007, Torreón celebrated its first 100 years as a chartered city. It held a series of cultural events from September 15, 2006, to September 15, 2007, culminating on the day that the city turned 100 years old.
Torreón is near the southwest border of the state of Coahuila, within the Laguna region of the state. The border is delineated by the Nazas River that separates it from Gómez Palacio, Durango. The municipality covers 1,947.7 km2 (752.0 sq mi), including much of the rural area south of the city. The city's elevation is 1,120 m (3,670 ft), which is low for the Mexican interior. The terrain where the urban area is spread is generally flat, with somewhat prominent relief formations (up to 1,600 m (5,249 ft) south and southwest of the city, thus visible at well-nigh any given point in the city. Higher mountains, over 3,000 m (9,843 ft), are on the southern, mostly uninhabited section of the Municipality, the most prominent being El Picacho.
The city features a desert climate (in the Köppen climate classification BWh). Rainfall is scarce but more prominent in the summer, whilst temperatures are very hot by day and cool at night, although the urban heat island effect causes temperatures on summer nights to be considerably warmer than nearby areas. Flora and fauna are those common to semidesert habitats.
| Climate data for Torreón (1951–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 35.0 (95.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
40.6 (105.1) |
41.2 (106.2) |
42.2 (108.0) |
43.0 (109.4) |
40.5 (104.9) |
39.2 (102.6) |
38.4 (101.1) |
36.0 (96.8) |
34.8 (94.6) |
34.5 (94.1) |
43.0 (109.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 22.3 (72.1) |
25.3 (77.5) |
26.0 (78.8) |
32.5 (90.5) |
35.3 (95.5) |
35.4 (95.7) |
34.3 (93.7) |
33.7 (92.7) |
31.8 (89.2) |
29.5 (85.1) |
26.1 (79.0) |
22.8 (73.0) |
29.6 (85.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 14.5 (58.1) |
17.0 (62.6) |
19.0 (66.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
27.2 (81.0) |
28.1 (82.6) |
27.4 (81.3) |
27.0 (80.6) |
25.2 (77.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
18.2 (64.8) |
15.1 (59.2) |
22.1 (71.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.8 (44.2) |
8.6 (47.5) |
11.9 (53.4) |
15.6 (60.1) |
19.0 (66.2) |
20.8 (69.4) |
20.5 (68.9) |
20.3 (68.5) |
18.6 (65.5) |
15.2 (59.4) |
10.3 (50.5) |
7.4 (45.3) |
14.6 (58.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −7.0 (19.4) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
1.8 (35.2) |
4.0 (39.2) |
10.0 (50.0) |
11.0 (51.8) |
10.0 (50.0) |
7.5 (45.5) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 20.1 (0.79) |
6.5 (0.26) |
6.5 (0.26) |
14.1 (0.56) |
18.8 (0.74) |
34.9 (1.37) |
24.2 (0.95) |
26.5 (1.04) |
18.1 (0.71) |
11.8 (0.46) |
7.9 (0.31) |
16.3 (0.64) |
205.8 (8.10) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.5 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 2.7 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 34.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 55 | 46 | 39 | 39 | 42 | 50 | 53 | 54 | 57 | 55 | 53 | 56 | 50 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 176 | 176 | 227 | 239 | 271 | 286 | 293 | 264 | 211 | 237 | 214 | 176 | 2,770 |
| Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (humidity 1981–2000)[6][7] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Ogimet (sun 1981–2010)[8][9][10] | |||||||||||||
Cristo de las Noas, at 21.80 m (71.5 ft), is the third tallest statue of Christ in Latin America, only smaller than the statue of Christ The RedeemerinBrazil and Cristo de la ConcordiainCochabamba, Bolivia. Situated on the top of a hill, this image of Jesus with extended arms symbolises protection for the inhabitants of Torreon.[11] The hilltop has a Catholic church and offers a view of the entire city.[12]
There are also several shopping centers in the city, including Galerias Laguna, Plaza Cuatro Caminos, and Intermall.
The "Canal de la Perla" (the Pearl Watercourse), an underground watercourse built in the 19th century to drive the Nazas' river water to the fields near the city, was re-discovered in 2003 and re-opened in 2014. It now passes under the oldest part of the city and it can be visited and walked through. It is also used for cultural and artistic exhibitions.
In 2006, the "Museo Arocena" (Arocena Museum) that holds art collections from the pre-Hispanic times to the present, was opened; it also has a section dedicated to Mexico's and Torreón's history. There are also temporal expositions, conferences, book fairs, movies, and activities for children.
The area was originally a center for ranching. With irrigation the city became an important center for support for farming and processing of cotton. In the middle of the 20th century, it became an industrial city. The city has industries in textiles, clothing and metals processing. Some important industries and companies that have business here, like Peñoles, an important Mexican mining group, and Motores John Deere, Lala, an important dairy products company, Yura Corporation, stores like Soriana, Cimaco, Extra, among others.
Torreón and the surrounding comarca are served by several public and private universities. Some of the most recognized institutions in the area are:
Torreón has a football team in the Liga MX named Santos Laguna. The team won championships in 1996, 2001, 2008, 2012, 2015, and 2018. It used to play in Estadio Corona, until 2009 when it moved to the Territorio Santos Modelo to meet the growing demands of its fan base.
The city is also home to a baseball team called "Vaqueros Laguna" (Laguna Cowboys) of the Mexican League. They play at Estadio Revolución.
Torreón's professional basketball team, Jefes de Fuerza Lagunera, play in the Municipal Auditorium, which seats approximately 3,000 people. They are members of the LNBP (Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional) which is considered to be the top basketball league in Mexico.
Former NFL placekicker and Super Bowl XXI champion, Raul Allegre, is a Torreón native.
The main annual festival in Torreón is the Cotton and Grape Fair (Feria del Algodón y La Uva) which takes place in September. It contains cultural events, music, food and amusement rides.
It takes place on September 15 and 16. There are celebrations all around the city, but the most important is the one celebrated in the Plaza Mayor. People wear traditional Mexican clothes, eat traditional dishes and "Antojitos". At night the city mayor makes the traditional celebration of "El Grito". The next day (September 16) there is a parade on the Morelos Avenue.
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