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{{Short description|Government agency}} |
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{{more citations needed|date=April 2012}} |
{{more citations needed|date=April 2012}} |
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{{Infobox government agency |
{{Infobox government agency |
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|agency_name = Transportation Safety Board of Canada |
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|nativename = |
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|nativename_a = Bureau de la sécurité des transports du Canada |
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|logo = Transportation_Safety_Board_of_Canada_logo.svg |
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|logo_width = 300 |
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|logo_caption = TSB-BST logo |
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| picture = 200Portage.JPG |
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|picture = 200Portage.JPG |
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|picture_caption = ''Place du Centre'', the headquarters of the TSB |
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|formed = March 29, 1990 |
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|preceding1 = Canadian Aviation Safety Board (aviation) |
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|dissolved = |
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|superseding = |
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|jurisdiction = [[Government of Canada]] |
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|headquarters = [[Gatineau, Quebec]] |
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|coordinates = |
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|employees = 220 |
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|budget = |
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| minister1_name = [[Harjit Sajjan]] |
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| minister1_pfo = [[President of the King's Privy Council for Canada]] |
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|website = [http://www.tsb.gc.ca Transportation Safety Board website] |
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|chief2_name=|chief2_position=|chief3_name=|chief3_position=|chief4_name=|chief4_position=|chief5_name=|chief5_position=|chief6_name=|chief6_position=|chief7_name=|chief7_position=|chief8_name=|chief8_position=|chief9_name=|chief9_position=|parent_department=}} |
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| website = {{official URL}} |
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| ⚫ | The '''Transportation Safety Board of Canada''' ('''TSB''', ''French: Bureau de la sécurité des transports du Canada, BST)'', officially the '''Canadian Transportation Accident Investigation and Safety Board''' (''French: Bureau canadien d'enquête sur les accidents de transport et de la sécurité des transports)''<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bst-tsb.gc.ca/eng/qui-about/index.asp| title=About the TSB| publisher=Transportation Safety Board of Canada| date=October 6, 2014| }}</ref> is the agency of the [[Government of Canada]] responsible for advancing transportation safety in Canada. It is accountable to Parliament directly through the [[Queen's Privy Council for Canada|President of the Queen’s Privy Council]] and the Minister of Intergovernmental and Northern Affairs and Internal Trade. The independent agency investigates accidents and makes safety recommendations in four modes of transportation: aviation, rail, marine and pipelines. |
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}} |
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[[File:TransportationSafetyBoardOfCanadaRichmondHill.jpg|thumb|Transportation Safety Board of Canada office in Richmond Hill, Ontario]] |
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The '''Transportation Safety Board of Canada''' ('''TSB''', |
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==Agency history== |
==Agency history== |
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Prior to 1990, [[Transport Canada]]'s '''Aircraft Accident Investigation Branch''' (1960–1984) and its successor the ''' Canadian Aviation Safety Board''' or CASB (1984–1990) were responsible for investigation of air incidents.<ref name="wingsmagazine.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.wingsmagazine.com/content/view/3377/60/ |title=Air Accident Investigation: The |
Prior to 1990, [[Transport Canada]]'s '''Aircraft Accident Investigation Branch''' (1960–1984) and its successor the ''' Canadian Aviation Safety Board''' or CASB (1984–1990) were responsible for investigation of air incidents.<ref name="wingsmagazine.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.wingsmagazine.com/content/view/3377/60/ |title=Air Accident Investigation: The TSB’s evolving commitment to worldwide safety |first=Chris |last=Krepski |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091011151410/https://www.wingsmagazine.com/content/view/3377/60/ |archivedate=October 11, 2009 |publisher=Annex Publishing & Printing |work=Wings Magazine}}</ref> Before 1990, investigations and actions were taken by Transport Canada and even after 1984 the findings from CASB were not binding for Transport Canada to respond to.<ref name="wingsmagazine.com"/> |
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The TSB was created under the ''Canadian Transportation Accident Investigation and Safety Board Act'', which was enacted on March 29, 1990. It was formed in response to a number of high-profile accidents, following which the Government of Canada identified the need for an independent, multi-modal investigation agency. |
The TSB was created under the ''Canadian Transportation Accident Investigation and Safety Board Act'', which was enacted on March 29, 1990. It was formed in response to a number of high-profile accidents, following which the Government of Canada identified the need for an independent, multi-modal investigation agency. The headquarters are located in Place du Centre in Gatineau, Quebec.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} |
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The provisions of the ''Canadian Transportation Accident Investigation and Safety Board Act'' were written to establish an independent relationship between the agency and the Government of Canada. |
The provisions of the ''Canadian Transportation Accident Investigation and Safety Board Act'' were written to establish an independent relationship between the agency and the Government of Canada. |
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This agency's first major test came with the crash of [[Swissair Flight 111]] on September 2, 1998, the largest single aviation accident on Canadian territory since the 1985 crash of [[Arrow Air Flight |
This agency's first major test came with the crash of [[Swissair Flight 111]] on September 2, 1998, the largest single aviation accident on Canadian territory since the 1985 crash of [[Arrow Air Flight 1285]]. The TSB delivered its report on the accident on March 27, 2003, some 4½ years after the accident and at a cost of $57 million, making it the most complex and costly accident investigation in Canadian history to that date.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} |
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From 2005 to 2010, the TSB concluded a number of investigations into high-profile accidents, including: |
From 2005 to 2010, the TSB concluded a number of investigations into high-profile accidents, including: |
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* the crash of [[Air France Flight 358]]; |
* the crash of [[Air France Flight 358]]; |
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* the [[Cheakamus River derailment]]; |
* the [[Cheakamus River derailment]]; |
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* the sinking of ''[[MV Queen of the North|Queen of the North]]''; |
* the sinking of the ''[[MV Queen of the North|Queen of the North]]''; |
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* the loss overboard of a crewmember of ''[[Picton Castle (ship)|Picton Castle]]''; |
* the loss overboard of a crewmember of the ''[[Picton Castle (ship)|Picton Castle]]''; |
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* the [[Kinder Morgan Energy Partners#Burnaby crude oil spill|Burnaby pipeline rupture]]; |
* the [[Kinder Morgan Energy Partners#Burnaby crude oil spill|Burnaby pipeline rupture]]; |
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* the crash of [[Cougar Helicopters Flight 91]]; |
* the crash of [[Cougar Helicopters Flight 91]]; |
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* the sinking of ''[[Concordia (ship)|Concordia]]''. |
* and the sinking of the ''[[Concordia (ship)|Concordia]]''. |
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To increase the uptake of its recommendations and address accident patterns, the TSB launched its Watchlist in 2010, which points to nine critical safety issues troubling |
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On 3 December 2013, in the wake of the [[Lac-Mégantic rail disaster]] the previous July, it was reported that the number of runaway trains was triple the number documented by the TSB.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/runaway-trains-almost-triple-reported-rate-cbc-finds-1.2448494 |title=Runaway trains almost triple reported rate, CBC finds |date=December 3, 2013 |first=Dave |last=Seglins |publisher=[[CBC News]]| |
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| ⚫ | To increase the uptake of its recommendations and address accident patterns, the TSB launched its Watchlist in 2010, which points to nine critical safety issues troubling Canada’s transportation system.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} |
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In August 2014, the TSB released the report on its investigation into the July 2013 Lac-Mégantic derailment.<ref name="NYT">{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2014/08/19/world/ap-cn-canada-oil-train-disaster.html?ref=world&_r=0| publisher=New York Times|work =AP|title=Investigators Release Quebec Train Disaster Report |date=19 August 2014 |location=Toronto, Ontario | |
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| ⚫ | On 3 December 2013, in the wake of the [[Lac-Mégantic rail disaster]] the previous July, it was reported that the number of runaway trains was triple the number documented by the TSB.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/runaway-trains-almost-triple-reported-rate-cbc-finds-1.2448494 |title=Runaway trains almost triple reported rate, CBC finds |date=December 3, 2013 |first=Dave |last=Seglins |publisher=[[CBC News]]|accessdate=March 13, 2020}}</ref> |
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On February 4, 2019, the TSB deployed to the derailment of [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] (CP) train 301-349. Ninety-nine cars and two locomotives derailed at Mile 130.6 of the CP Laggan Subdivision, near Field, British Columbia (BC) while proceeding westward to Vancouver, BC. The three train crewmembers – a locomotive engineer, a conductor, and a conductor trainee – died as a result. |
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| ⚫ | In August 2014, the TSB released the report on its investigation into the July 2013 Lac-Mégantic derailment.<ref name="NYT">{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2014/08/19/world/ap-cn-canada-oil-train-disaster.html?ref=world&_r=0| publisher=New York Times|work =AP|title=Investigators Release Quebec Train Disaster Report |date=19 August 2014 |location=Toronto, Ontario |accessdate=30 August 2014}}</ref><ref name="The Economist">{{citation|work=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/news/americas/21613315-how-make-oil-shipments-safer-crude-errors |date=23 August 2014|accessdate=30 August 2014|title=Oil in Canada: Crude errors}}</ref> In a news conference, TSB chair Wendy Tadros described how eighteen factors played a role in the disaster including a "weak safety culture" at the now-defunct Montreal, Maine & Atlantic Railways with "a lack of standards, poor training and easily punctured tanks." The TSB also blamed [[Transport Canada]], the regulator, for not doing thorough safety audits often enough on railways "to know how those companies were really managing, or not managing, risk."<ref name="NYT" /> The TSB report called for "physical restraints, such as wheel chocks, for parked trains." Prior to the accident TSB had called for "new and more robust wagons for flammable liquids" but as of August 2014, little progress had been made in implementing this.<ref name="The Economist" /> |
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During the course of its investigation into the derailment,<ref>{{cite web |title=Rail transportation safety investigation R19C0015 |url=https://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/enquetes-investigations/rail/2019/r19c0015/r19c0015.html |website=Transportation Safety Board of Canada |date=5 February 2019 |access-date=16 June 2020}}</ref> the organization issued two safety advisories on April 11, 2019 to Transport Canada . The first called attention to the need for effective safety procedures to be applied to all trains stopped in emergency on both "heavy grades" and "mountain grades"<ref>{{cite web |title=TSB Rail Safety Advisory 617-04/19 |url=https://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/securite-safety/rail/2019/r19c0015/r19c0015-617-04-19-20190411.html |website=Transportation Safety Board of Canada |date=11 April 2019 |access-date=16 June 2020}}</ref> and the second highlighted the need to review the efficacy of the inspection and maintenance procedures for grain hopper cars used in CP's unit grain train operations (and for other railways as applicable), and ensure that these cars can be operated safely at all times.<ref>{{cite web |title=TSB Rail Safety Advisory 617-05/19 |url=https://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/securite-safety/rail/2019/r19c0015/r19c0015-617-05-19-20190411.html |website=Transportation Safety Board of Canada |date=11 April 2019 |access-date=16 June 2020}}</ref> |
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In |
InFebruary 2020, the TSB reassigned its lead investigator in a [[CP Rail]] derailment in [[Kicking Horse Pass]] that killed all three crewmembers. The TSB labelled "completely inappropriate" the comments made to ''[[The Fifth Estate (TV program)|The Fifth Estate]]'' journalists of Don Crawford, who had said one week before that "There is enoughtosuspect there's negligence here, and it needstobe investigated by the proper authority." The CBC documentary pointed out what seemed to be a problem, where the private police service of CP Rail investigated the accident. A [[Canadian Pacific Police Service|CPPS]] officer already had resigned over these questionable circumstances.<ref name="tsbdemotes">{{cite news |title=Rail disaster video surfaces on anniversary of CP crash amid controversy over police probe |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/video-derailment-canadian-pacific-railway-field-1.5449758 |publisher=CBC |date=4 February 2020}}</ref> |
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==Mandate and direction== |
==Mandate and direction== |
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The Transportation Safety Board's mandate |
The Transportation Safety Board's mandate is to:{{citation needed|date=February 2020}} |
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* conduct independent investigations, including public inquiries when necessary, into selected transportation occurrences in order to make findings as to their causes and contributing factors; |
* conduct independent investigations, including public inquiries when necessary, into selected transportation occurrences in order to make findings as to their causes and contributing factors; |
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* identify [[safety]] deficiencies, as evidenced by transportation occurrences; |
* identify [[safety]] deficiencies, as evidenced by transportation occurrences; |
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Provincial and territorial governments may call upon the TSB to investigate occurrences. However, it is up to the TSB whether or not to proceed with an investigation. Public reports are published following class one, class two, class three and class four investigations. Recommendations made by the TSB are not legally binding upon the Government of Canada, nor any of its Ministers of departments. However, when a recommendation is made to a federal department, a formal response must be presented to the TSB within 90 days.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} |
Provincial and territorial governments may call upon the TSB to investigate occurrences. However, it is up to the TSB whether or not to proceed with an investigation. Public reports are published following class one, class two, class three and class four investigations. Recommendations made by the TSB are not legally binding upon the Government of Canada, nor any of its Ministers of departments. However, when a recommendation is made to a federal department, a formal response must be presented to the TSB within 90 days.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} |
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The TSB reports to the [[Parliament of Canada]] through the [[President of the |
The TSB reports to the [[Parliament of Canada]] through the [[President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada]].{{citation needed|date=February 2020}} |
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==Board membership== |
==Board membership== |
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As of |
Membership lists from the years 2009 to 2019 are archived with [[Active Server Pages|the suffix <nowiki>.asp</nowiki>]]; the change to the suffix <nowiki>.html</nowiki> occurred in March or April 2019.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/qui-about/bureau-board.asp |title=Transportation Safety Board : The Board |work=tsb.gc.ca |year=2012 |accessdate=August 19, 2012}}</ref> As of February 2020, the Board was composed of the following five members:<ref name="tsboard">{{cite web |title=Home About the TSB The Board |url=https://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/qui-about/bureau-board.html |website=tsb.gc.ca |publisher=Government of Canada |accessdate=5 February 2020}}</ref> |
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* Chair [[Kathleen Fox (aviator)|Kathy Fox]] |
* Chair [[Kathleen Fox (aviator)|Kathy Fox]] |
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* Faye Ackermans |
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* Ken Potter |
* Ken Potter |
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* Joseph Hincke |
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* Paul Dittmann |
* Paul Dittmann |
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* Yoan Marier |
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* Leo Donatti |
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==Facilities== |
==Facilities== |
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The TSB Engineering Laboratory, which has the facilities for investigating transport accidents and incidents, is in [[Ottawa]], adjacent to [[Ottawa International Airport]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Donati, Leo|url=http://www.bst-tsb.gc.ca/eng/medias-media/blogue-blog/2014/20140604.htm?wbdisable=true|title=The Real CSI: Inside the TSB Laboratory|publisher=Transportation Safety Board|date=2014-06-04| |
The TSB Engineering Laboratory, which has the facilities for investigating transport accidents and incidents, is in [[Ottawa]], adjacent to [[Ottawa International Airport]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Donati, Leo|url=http://www.bst-tsb.gc.ca/eng/medias-media/blogue-blog/2014/20140604.htm?wbdisable=true|title=The Real CSI: Inside the TSB Laboratory|publisher=[[Transportation Safety Board]]|date=2014-06-04|accessdate=2019-03-11|quote=The TSB lab situated beside the Ottawa International Airport[...]}} - [http://www.bst-tsb.gc.ca/eng/medias-media/communiques/autres-other/2014/po-do-2014-20140605.asp Address]: "Transportation Safety Board of Canada Engineering Laboratory 1901 Research Road Building U-100 Ottawa, Ontario"</ref> |
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==List of |
==List of Chairs== |
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* John W. Stants 1990–1996 |
* John W. Stants 1990–1996 |
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* [[Benoît Bouchard]] 1996–2001 |
* [[Benoît Bouchard]] 1996–2001 |
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* [[Camille Thériault]] 2001–2002 |
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* Charles H. Simpson 2001–2002 (acting) <ref>{{cite web |title=Board Members |url=http://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/ |website=Transportation Safety Board of Canada |access-date=14 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020125093700/http://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/ |archive-date=25 January 2002}}</ref> |
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* Charles H. Simpson 2002–2005 (acting) |
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* [[Camille Thériault]] 2002–2004 <ref>{{cite web |title=Board Members |url=http://www.tsb.gc.ca/en/common/board_members.asp |website=Transportation Safety Board of Canada |access-date=14 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021008234930/http://www.tsb.gc.ca/en/common/board_members.asp |archive-date=8 October 2002}}</ref> |
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* Charles H. Simpson 2004–2005 (acting) <ref>{{cite web |title=Board Members |url=http://www.tsb.gc.ca/en/common/board_members.asp |website=Transportation Safety Board of Canada |access-date=14 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040825034615/http://www.tsb.gc.ca/en/common/board_members.asp |archive-date=25 August 2004}}</ref> |
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* [[Wendy A. Tadros]] 2005–2006 (acting) |
* [[Wendy A. Tadros]] 2005–2006 (acting) |
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* Wendy A. Tadros 2006–2014 |
* Wendy A. Tadros 2006–2014 |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{ |
{{Portal|Canada|Aviation}} |
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*[[Aviation safety]] |
*[[Aviation safety]] |
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*[[Canadian Aviation Safety Inspectors and Investigators Association]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* |
* [http://www.tsb.gc.ca Transportation Safety Board website] {{in lang|en|fr}} |
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{{Aviation accident orgs}} |
{{Aviation accident orgs}} |
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{{Maritime accident orgs}} |
{{Maritime accident orgs}} |
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{{Rail accident orgs}} |
{{Rail accident orgs}} |
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{{Government Departments of Canada}} |
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{{authority control}} |
{{authority control}} |
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[[Category:Aviation authorities]] |
[[Category:Aviation authorities]] |
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[[Category:Transport safety organizations]] |
[[Category:Transport safety organizations]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Canadian federal departments and agencies]] |
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[[Category:Aviation in Canada]] |
[[Category:Aviation in Canada]] |
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[[Category:1990 establishments in Quebec]] |
[[Category:1990 establishments in Quebec]] |
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[[Category:Organizations based in Gatineau]] |
[[Category:Organizations based in Gatineau]] |
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[[Category:Transport organizations based in Canada]] |
[[Category:Transport organizations based in Canada]] |
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[[Category:Canadian transport law]] |
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Greek: Ά ά Έ έ Ή ή Ί ί Ό ό Ύ ύ Ώ ώ Α α Β β Γ γ Δ δ Ε ε Ζ ζ Η η Θ θ Ι ι Κ κ Λ λ Μ μ Ν ν Ξ ξ Ο ο Π π Ρ ρ Σ σ ς Τ τ Υ υ Φ φ Χ χ Ψ ψ Ω ω {{Polytonic|}}
Cyrillic: А а Б б В в Г г Ґ ґ Ѓ ѓ Д д Ђ ђ Е е Ё ё Є є Ж ж З з Ѕ ѕ И и І і Ї ї Й й Ј ј К к Ќ ќ Л л Љ љ М м Н н Њ њ О о П п Р р С с Т т Ћ ћ У у Ў ў Ф ф Х х Ц ц Ч ч Џ џ Ш ш Щ щ Ъ ъ Ы ы Ь ь Э э Ю ю Я я ́
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