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{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}} |
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| image = |
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| caption = |
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| image = Mariner 10 in JPLs 25-foot space simulator.gif |
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⚫ | | location= [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]], [[Pasadena, California]] |
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| caption = Mariner 10 in the Twenty-Five-Foot Space Simulator |
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| lat_degrees = 34 |
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| location |
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| lat_minutes = 12 |
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| coordinates = {{coord|34|12|9.8|N|118|10|22.4|W|display=inline,title}} |
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| lat_seconds = 9.78 |
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| locmapin = USA Los Angeles Metropolitan Area#California#USA |
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| lat_direction = N |
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| area = less than one acre |
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| long_degrees = 118 |
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| built = {{start date|1961}} |
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| long_minutes = 10 |
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| long_seconds = 22.36 |
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| designated_nrhp_type = October 3, 1985<ref name=nhl_summary>{{Cite web | title = Twenty-Five-Foot Space Simulator | work = National Historic Landmarks Quioklinks | publisher = [[National Park Service]] | url = http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2073&ResourceType=Structure | access-date = 18 March 2012 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101213025605/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2073&ResourceType=Structure | archive-date = 13 December 2010 }}</ref> |
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| long_direction = W |
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| added = October 3, 1985<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref> |
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| locmapin = California |
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| area = |
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| built =1961 |
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| architecture= |
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| designated_nrhp_type = [[October 03]], [[1985]]<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1929&ResourceType=Structure |
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|title=Twenty-Five-Foot Space Simulator |accessdate=2008-02-13|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref> |
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| added = [[October 03]], [[1985]]<ref name="nris">{{cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2007-01-23|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref> |
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| governing_body = [[NASA]] |
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}} |
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The '''Twenty-Five-Foot Space Simulator''' is |
The '''Twenty-Five-Foot Space Simulator''' is an {{convert|85|ft|m|sing=on}} high<ref name="nhlwriteup">[http://www.nr.nps.gov/writeups/85002812.nl.pdf NHL Writeup]</ref> stainless-steel cylinder at the [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] in [[Pasadena, California]]. {{convert|27|ft|m}} in diameter, it is used for testing spacecraft in space-like conditions of extreme cold, near-vacuum pressure, and high radiation. [[Ranger program|Ranger]], [[Surveyor Program|Surveyor]], [[Mariner program|Mariner]], and [[Voyager program|Voyager]] spacecraft were all tested in this facility. |
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It was declared a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1985.<ref name="nhlsum"/><ref name="nrhpinv2">{{citation|title={{PDFlink|[http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Text/85002812.pdf National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Twenty-Five Foot Space Simulator]|32 KB}}|date=May 15, 1984 |author=Harry A. Butowsky |publisher=National Park Service}} and {{PDFlink|[http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Photos/85002812.pdf ''Accompanying 2 photos, exterior and interior, from 1983'']|32 KB}}</ref> |
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==Description== |
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The Twenty-Five-Foot Space Simulator is a stainless-steel cylinder {{convert|85|ft|m}} in height and {{convert|27|ft|m}} in diameter. A doorway {{convert|15|ft|m}} wide and {{convert|25|ft|m}} high provides access for bringing test objects and equipment into the chamber; a personnel access door is built into the larger doorway. Its walls and floor are lined with cooling shrouds that help provide a controllable temperature range from {{convert|-320|F|C}} to {{convert|200|F|C}}. A series of lamps, lenses, and mirrors can irradiate the chamber with a directed beam of simulated solar energy in a variety of patterns and strengths. The chamber can be depressurized to 5×10<sup>−7</sup> [[torr]]. Test objects can be mounted with a number of attachment points and methods. The chamber is mounted on a seismically isolated foundation.<ref name="nrhpinv2" /> The chamber requires about 75 minutes to achieve a space-like environment, and about 2{{frac|1|2}} hours to return to a normal environment. |
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Next to the chamber is a [[clean room]] in which equipment can be prepared for testing.<ref name="nrhpinv2" /> |
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==See also== |
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*[[Space Environment Simulation Laboratory]], built in 1965 at the [[Johnson Space Center]] in Texas |
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==References== |
==References== |
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<references /> |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Commons category|JPL Space Simulator}} |
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{{Spaceflight landmarks}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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{{California-NRHP-stub}} |
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[[Category:Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] |
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[[Category:National Historic Landmarks in California]] |
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[[Category:Buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Pasadena, California]] |
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[[Category:Government buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in California]] |
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[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1961]] |
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[[Category: |
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