Jump to content

Main menu Navigation ●Main page ●Contents ●Current events ●Random article ●About Wikipedia ●Contact us ●Donate Contribute ●Help ●Learn to edit ●Community portal ●Recent changes ●Upload file

●Create account ●Log in ●Create account ● Log in Pages for logged out editors learn more ●Contributions ●Talk

(Top) 1 Incumbents 1.1 Crown 1.2 Federal government 1.3 Provincial governments 1.3.1 Lieutenant governors 1.3.2 Premiers 1.4 Territorial governments 1.4.1 Lieutenant governors 2 Events 2.1 Full date unknown 3 Births 3.1 January to June 3.2 July to December 4 Deaths 5 Historical documents 6 References

1885 in Canada

●العربية ●تۆرکجه ●Français Edit links ●Article ●Talk ●Read ●Edit ●View history Tools Actions ●Read ●Edit ●View history General ●What links here ●Related changes ●Upload file ●Special pages ●Permanent link ●Page information ●Cite this page ●Get shortened URL ●Download QR code ●Wikidata item Print/export ●Download as PDF ●Printable version In other projects ●Wikimedia Commons Appearance From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this articlebyadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "1885 in Canada" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Acts of Parliament, 1885

←

1885
in
Canada

→

Decades:

Part of a series on the
History of Canada
Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe
Timeline (list) Pre-colonization 1534–1763 1764–1867 1867–1914 1914–1945 1945–1960 1960–1981 1982–present
Significant Events Sites People
Topics Agricultural Cultural Constitutional Economic Former colonies Immigration Indigenous Medicine Military Monarchical Peacekeeping Population Sports Religion Territorial evolution Women
Provinces Alberta British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Nunavut Northwest Territories Nova Scotia Ontario Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan Yukon
Cities Brampton Charlottetown Edmonton Fredericton Halifax Hamilton Lethbridge Markham Moncton Montreal Northwest Territories capital cities Ottawa Quebec City Saint John Regina Richmond Hill Saskatoon Toronto Vancouver Winnipeg (Name etymologies)
Research Bibliography Historiography Historians Surveys
Canada portal
v t e

Incumbents[edit]

Crown[edit]

Monarch – Victoria^[1]

Federal government[edit]

Governor General – Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice
Prime Minister – John A. Macdonald
Chief Justice – William Johnstone Ritchie (New Brunswick)
Parliament – 5th

Provincial governments[edit]

Lieutenant governors[edit]

Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – Clement Francis Cornwall
Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – James Cox Aikins
Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Robert Duncan Wilmot (until November 11) then Samuel Leonard Tilley
Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Matthew Henry Richey
Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – John Beverley Robinson
Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Andrew Archibald Macdonald
Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Louis-Rodrigue Masson

Premiers[edit]

Territorial governments[edit]

Lieutenant governors[edit]

Events[edit]

March 26 – Louis Riel and the Métis battle the North-West Mounted PoliceatDuck Lake
March 30 – North-West Rebellion: The Looting of Battleford begins. It will continue until April 24 when the Militia reach the town.
April 2 – North-West Rebellion: In the Frog Lake Massacre, Cree warriors kill nine settler civilians and take 70 captive
April 24 – North-West Rebellion: Battle of Fish Creek fought between Canadian Militia and the Métis
May 2 – North-West Rebellion: Battle of Cut Knife
May 9–12 – North-West Rebellion: Battle of Batoche the Métis are defeated in battle
May 15 – Riel surrenders near Batoche, District of Saskatchewan, and is arrested
May 28 – North-West Rebellion: Battle of Frenchman's Butte
June 3 – North-West Rebellion: Battle of Loon Lake. The last Cree resistance is shattered.
July 2 – Big Bear captured.
July 6 – Riel is charged with six counts of high treason.
July 20 – The trial of Louis Riel begins in Regina, District of Assiniboia
July 20 – The Chinese Immigration Act of 1885 was enacted. The act imposed a $50 head tax on Chinese immigrants, with the exceptions of diplomats, government representatives, tourists, merchants, "men of science", and students. The act came after a big wave of Chinese immigrants going to Canada.
August 1 – Riel is found guilty and sentenced to death
September 9 – The Manitoba Court of Queen's Bench dismisses Riel's appeal
September 15 – Northwest Territories election
October 22 – The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council refuses to hear Riel's appeal
October 31 – Newfoundland election: Robert Thorburn's Reforms win a majority
November 7 – The Last Spike of the Canadian Pacific RailwayatCraigellachie, British Columbia. John A. Macdonald receives a telegram announcing that the first train from MontrealinQuebec is approaching the Pacific.
November 16 – Riel is hanged in Regina.
November 27 – Hangings at Battleford: Wandering Spirit, Round the Sky, Bad Arrow, Miserable Man, Iron Body, Little Bear, Crooked Leg and Man Without Blood are hanged for murders committed during the Frog Lake Massacre and the Looting of Battleford. It is the largest mass execution in Canadian history.

Full date unknown[edit]

Banff Hot Springs Reserve is established. It will be renamed Rocky Mountains Park in 1887 – the first national park in Canada – and then Banff National Park in 1930.
Canada outlaws the potlatch ceremony among Northwest Coast tribes. The law, often ignored, is repealed in 1951.

Births[edit]

Gordon Daniel Conant

January to June[edit]

January 11 – Gordon Daniel Conant, lawyer, politician and 12th Premier of Ontario (d.1953)
January 13 – Alfred Fuller, businessman (d.1973)
February 4 – Cairine Wilson, Canada's first female Senator (d.1962)
April 3 – Allan Dwan, film director, producer and screenwriter (d.1981)
April 9 – Frank Patrick O'Connor, businessman, politician and philanthropist (d. 1939)
May 8 – Thomas B. Costain, journalist and historical novelist (d.1965)
June 27 – Arthur Lismer, painter and member of the Group of Seven (d.1969)

July to December[edit]

July 23 – Izaak Walton Killam, financier (d.1955)
July 31 – Charles Avery Dunning, politician, Minister and university chancellor (d.1958)
October 23 – Lawren Harris, Group of Seven painter (d.1970)
November 5 – Edgar Sydney Little, politician (d.1943)
December 5 – Ernest Cormier, engineer and architect (d.1980)
December 24 – Abraham Albert Heaps, politician and labor leader (d.1954)

Deaths[edit]

January 13 – Gilbert Anselme Girouard, politician (b.1846)
February 23 – Joseph-Édouard Cauchon, politician (b.1816)
April 8 – Susanna Moodie, writer (b.1803)
May 8 – James Colledge Pope, politician and 5th Premier of Prince Edward Island (b.1826)
June 8 – Ignace Bourget, bishop of the Diocese of Montreal (b.1799)
July 17 – Jean-Charles Chapais, politician (b.1811)
August 18 – Francis Hincks, politician (b.1807)
November 5 – David Anderson, Church of England priest and bishop of Rupert's Land (b.1814)
November 16 – Louis Riel, politician and Métis leader (b.1844)

Historical documents[edit]

Account of battle at Duck Lake^[2]

Account of battle at Cut Knife Hill^[3]

Two settler women travel with Chief Big Bear's Cree band after Frog Lake Massacre^[4]

Accounts of battle at Batoche^[5]

Opposition Leader Edward Blake's speeches on fighting in Northwest ^[6]

Convicted of treason, Chief Big Bear pleads for relief of his people^[7]

Louis Riel's statement at his trial^[8]

Report of psychiatric physician who visited Louis Riel in prison^[9]

Newspaper report of Louis Riel's execution^[10]

Air clears when women vote in Ontario municipal election^[11]

J.A. Macdonald says "while the crosses of the Aryan races are successful[, they] will not wholesomely amalgamate with the Africans or the Asiatics"^[12]

"A disgrace to humanity" - Citing emancipation of Blacks and Catholics, senator objects to restrictions on Chinese immigrants^[13]

Montrealers' resistance to vaccination during smallpox outbreak turns to rioting ^[14]

Illustration: vaccinating passengers against smallpox on train to U.S.A.^[15]

Photo: Sitting Bull, while on visit to Montreal with Buffalo Bill's Wild West show^[16]

References[edit]

^ "Queen Victoria | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 5 December 2022.

^ Transcription of Wm. Laurie article Saskatchewan Herald (April 23, 1885). Accessed 8 October 2019 (See also photo “'Sewing Up the Dead': Preparation of North-West Field Force Casualties for Burial" (April 25, 1885))

^ Transcription of article Saskatchewan Herald (May 11, 1885). Accessed 8 October 2019

^ Theresa Gowanlock and Theresa Fulford, Two Months in the Camp of Big Bear(...) (1885). Accessed 8 October 2019

^ Lewis Redman Ord, Reminiscences of a Bungle (1887), pgs. 29-32 and Moses Bremner's Statement (1886) and Canada; Department of Militia and Defence, Report upon the Suppression of the Rebellion in the North-West Territories[...] (1886), pgs. 27-33. Accessed 8 October 2019

^ [House of Commons,] "Speech of Hon. E. Blake, M.P., on the Disturbance in the North-West; Ottawa, May 20th, 1885." and House of Commons Debates; Third Session, Fifth Parliament - 48 Vic., "Speech of Hon. E. Blake, M.P., on the Dissturbance in the North-West; Ottawa, July 6th, 1885." Accessed 17 October 2019

^ William Bleasdell Cameron, Blood Red the Sun (1950), pgs. 196-9. Accessed 8 October 2019

^ The Queen vs. Louis Riel[...] (1886), pgs. 147-54. Accessed 9 October 2019

^ Daniel Clark, A Psycho-Medical History of Louis Riel (1887), pgs. 10-13. Accessed 9 October 2019

^ "Riel Executed; He Dies Without A Speech; A Sane And Beautiful Death" Regina Leader (November 19, 1885), pg. 4. Accessed 9 October 2019

^ Letitia Youmans, Campaign Echoes: The Autobiography of Letitia Youmans; Second Edition (1893), pgs. 206-9. Accessed 8 October 2019

^ John A. Macdonald, "The Franchise Bill" (May 4, 1885), Official Report of the Debates of the House of Commons[....], pg. 1589 Accessed 2 July 2023

^ William J. Almon, "Chinese Immigration; An Explanation" (July 18, 1885), Debates of the Senate of the Dominion of Canada; 1885, pgs. 1411-12 Accessed 2 July 2023

^ Mde Morel de la Durantaye, A Brief History of the Small Pox Epidemic in Montreal(...) (1886). Accessed 8 October 2019

^ James Marvin, "Canada - the recent smallpox epidemic in Montreal - vaccinating American-bound passengers on a train[....]" Accessed 25 December 2020 https://digital.library.mcgill.ca/oslerprints/search-results.php?s=Vaccination (click on "The recent smallpox epidemic" thumbnail)

^ William Notman & Son, "Sitting Bull" (1885), McCord Museum. Accessed 18 May 2022

v t e History of Canada
Year list (Timeline)	18000 BCE–1500 CE 1534–1763 1763–1867 1867–1914 1914–1945 1945–1960 1960–1981 1982–present
Topics	Canadians - (Persons of significance) Constitutional Crown and Indigenous peoples Cultural Economic Etymology Events of significance Former colonies and territories Heritage Minutes Historic Sites Immigration Chinese immigration Military Operations Peacekeeping Monarchical Population history Sports Territorial evolution Women
Provinces and territories	Alberta British Columbia Manitoba Ontario New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Northwest Territories Nova Scotia Nunavut Quebec Prince Edward Island Saskatchewan Yukon (Name etymologies)
Cities	Brampton Charlottetown Edmonton Fredericton Halifax Hamilton Lethbridge Markham Moncton Montreal Northwest Territories capital cities Ottawa Quebec City Saint John Regina Richmond Hill Saskatoon Toronto Vancouver Winnipeg (Name etymologies)
Research	Bibliography Historiography Historians Surveys
Category Canada portal

v t e List of years in Canada
Pre-Confederation Prehistory–1866	Prehistory to 1 BC 1st millennium 1000s 1100s 1400s 1500s 1600s 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s 1680s 1690s 1700 1701 1702 1703 1704 1705 1706 1707 1708 1709 1710 1711 1712 1713 1714 1715 1716 1717 1718 1719 1720 1721 1722 1723 1724 1725 1726 1727 1728 1729 1730 1731 1732 1733 1734 1735 1736 1737 1738 1739 1740 1741 1742 1743 1744 1745 1746 1747 1748 1749 1750 1751 1752 1753 1754 1755 1756 1757 1758 1759 1760 1761 1762 1763 1764 1765 1766 1767 1768 1769 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1784 1785 1786 1787 1788 1789 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866
Post-Confederation 1867–present	1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Quebec	1608 1609 1610 1611 1612 1613 1614 1615 1616 1617 1618 1635
Canadian electoral calendars	2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Related	List of Canadian monarchs List of governors general of Canada List of prime ministers of Canada Population of Canada by year Timeline
Research	Bibliography Historiography
Category Canada portal

1885 in North America

Sovereign states

Dependencies and
other territories

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1885_in_Canada&oldid=1197605088" Categories: ●1885 in Canada ●Years of the 19th century in Canada ●1885 by country ●1885 in North America Hidden categories: ●Articles with short description ●Short description matches Wikidata ●Articles needing additional references from October 2019 ●All articles needing additional references ●Articles with excerpts ●This page was last edited on 21 January 2024, at 06:00 (UTC). ●Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. ●Privacy policy ●About Wikipedia ●Disclaimers ●Contact Wikipedia ●Code of Conduct ●Developers ●Statistics ●Cookie statement ●Mobile view