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1926

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1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1926th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 926th year of the 2nd millennium, the 26th year of the 20th century, and the 7th year of the 1920s decade.

In Turkey, the year technically contained only 352 days. As Friday, December 18, 1926 (Julian Calendar) was followed by Saturday, January 1, 1927 (Gregorian Calendar). 13 days were dropped to make the switch. Turkey thus became the last country to officially adopt the Gregorian Calendar, which ended the 344-year calendrical switch around the world that took place in October, 1582 by virtue of the Papal Bull made by Pope Gregory XIII.

Events[edit]

January[edit]

• January 3 – Theodoros Pangalos declares himself dictator in Greece.^[1]
• January 8
  • Ibn Saud is crowned ruler of the Kingdom of Hejaz.^[2]
  • Crown Prince Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuy ascends the throne as Bảo Đại, the last monarch of the Nguyễn dynasty of the Kingdom of Vietnam.
• January 16 – A British Broadcasting Company radio playbyRonald Knox about workers' revolution in London causes a panic among those who have not heard the preliminary announcement that it is a satire on broadcasting.^[3]
• January 21 – The Belgian Parliament accepts the Locarno Treaties.
• January 26 – Scottish inventor John Logie Baird demonstrates a mechanical television system at his London laboratory for members of the Royal Institution and a reporter from The Times.
• January 31 – British and Belgian troops leave Cologne.

February[edit]

• February 1 – Land on Broadway and Wall Street in New York City is sold at a record $7 per sq inch; it is only affordable for four more years.
• February 12 – The Irish minister for Justice, Kevin O'Higgins, appoints the Committee on Evil Literature.
• February 20 – The Berlin International Green Week debuts in Germany.
• February 25 – Francisco Franco becomes General in Spain.

March[edit]

• March 6
  • The Shakespeare Memorial TheatreinStratford-upon-Avon (England) is destroyed by fire.
  • The first commercial air route from the United Kingdom to South Africa is established by Alan Cobham.
• March 14 – The El Virilla train accident occurs in Costa Rica killing 248 people and injuring 93.^[4]
• March 16 – Robert H. Goddard launches the first liquid-fuel rocket, at Auburn, Massachusetts.
• March 23 – Éamon de Valera organises the political party Fianna Fáil in Ireland.

April[edit]

• April 4 – Greek dictator Theodoros Pangalos wins the presidential election, with 93.3% of the vote; turnout is light, as the result is considered a foregone conclusion.^[5]
• April 6 – Aarón Joaquín has a vision in the Nuevo León state of Mexico, origin of La Luz del Mundo, a nontrinitarian charismatic restorationist Christian church.^[6]
• April 7 – An assassination attempt against Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini fails.^[7]
• April 17 – Zhang Zuolin's army captures Beijing.^[8]
• April 24 – Treaty of Berlin: Germany and the Soviet Union each pledge neutrality in the event of an attack on the other by a third party, for the next five years.
• April 25 – Reza Khan is crowned Shah of Iran, under the name "Pahlevi".

May[edit]

• May 4 – The United Kingdom general strike begins at midnight, in support of a strike by coal miners.
• May 9
  • Following the general strike which began May 4, martial law is declared in the United Kingdom.
  • The French navy bombards Damascus, because of Druze riots.
  • Explorer Richard E. Byrd and co-pilot Floyd Bennett claim to be the first to fly over the North Pole in the Josephine Ford monoplane, taking off from Spitsbergen, Norway and returning 15 hours and 44 minutes later. Both men are immediately hailed as national heroes, though some experts have since been skeptical of the claim, believing that the plane was unlikely to have covered the entire distance and back in that short an amount of time.^[9] An entry in Byrd's diary, discovered in 1996, suggests that the plane actually turned back 150 miles short of the North Pole, due to an oil leak.^[10]
• May 10 – Planes piloted by Major Harold Geiger and Horace Meek Hickam, students at the United States Air Corps Tactical School, collide in mid-air at Langley Field, Virginia.
• May 12
  • Roald Amundsen and his crew fly over the North Pole, in the airship Norge.
  • UK General Strike 1926: In the United Kingdom, a general strikebytrade unions, although miners remain on strike.
• May 12–14 – May Coup: Józef Piłsudski takes over in Poland.
• May 18 – Evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson disappears, while visiting a Venice, California beach.
• May 20 – The United States Congress passes the Air Commerce Act, licensing pilots and planes.
• May 23 – The first Lebanese constitution is established.
• May 26 – The Rif War ends, when Rif rebels surrender in Morocco.
• May 28 – The 1926 coup d'état, commanded by Manuel Gomes da Costa in Portugal, installs the Ditadura Nacional (National Dictatorship), followed by António de Oliveira Salazar's Estado Novo.

June[edit]

• June 4 – Ignacy Mościcki becomes president of Poland.
• June 7 – Liberal politician Carl Gustaf Ekman succeeds Rickard SandlerasPrime Minister of Sweden.
• June 29 – Arthur Meighen briefly returns to office as Prime Minister of Canada during the King-Byng Affair.

July[edit]

• July 1 – The Kuomintang begins the Northern Expedition, a military unification campaign in northern China.
• July 3 – A Caudron C.61 aircraft, operated by Compagnie Internationale de Navigation Aérienne, crashes in Czechoslovakia.
• July 9 – In Portugal, General Óscar Carmona takes power in a military coup.
• July 10 – A bolt of lightning strikes Picatinny Arsenal in New Jersey; the resulting fire causes several million pounds of explosives to blow up in the next 2–3 days.
• July 15 – Bombay Electric Supply and Transport Company in India introduces motor buses.
• July 26 – The United States National Bar Association is incorporated.

August[edit]

• August 1 – In Mexico, the entry into force of anticlerical measures stipulated in the Constitution of 1917 causes the Cristero War from August 3.
• August 2 – The short-lived Western Australian Secession League is founded.^[11]
• August 5 – In New York, the Warner Brothers' Vitaphone system is seen by audiences for the first time, in the movie Don Juan, starring John Barrymore.^[12]
• August 6 – Gertrude Ederle becomes the first woman to swim the English Channel, from France to England.^[13]
• August 18 – In the United States, a weather map is televised for the first time, sent from NAA Arlington to the Weather Bureau office in Washington, D.C.
• August 22 – In Greece, Georgios Kondylis ousts Theodoros Pangalos.
• August 25 – Pavlos Kountouriotis announces that dictatorship has ended in Greece, and he is now the president.

September[edit]

• September 1 – Lebanon under the French Mandate gets its first constitution, thereby becoming a republic, with Charles Debbas as its president.^[14]
• September 8 – The German Weimar Republic joins the League of Nations.
• September 11 – In Rome, Italy, Gino Lucetti throws a bomb at Benito Mussolini's car, but Mussolini is unhurt.^[15]
• September 14 – The Locarno Treatiesof1925 are ratified in Geneva, and come into effect.
• September 18 – Great Miami Hurricane: A strong hurricane devastates Miami, leaving over 100 dead and causing several hundred million dollars in damage (equal to nearly $100 billion in the modern day).
• September 19 – Giuseppe Meazza (San Siro) Stadium, well known among sports venues in Italy, officially opens in Milan.^[16]
• September 20 – The North Side Gang attempts to assassinate Al Capone, at the apex of his power at this time, spraying his headquarters in Cicero, Illinois with over a thousand rounds of machine gun fire in broad daylight, as Capone is eating there. Capone escapes harm.^[17][18]
• September 21 – French war ace René Fonck and three others attempt to fly the Atlantic, in pursuit of the Orteig Prize. Before the newsreel cameras at Roosevelt Field New York, the modified Sikorsky S-35 crashes on take-off and bursts into flames. Fonck survives, but two of his men are killed.
• September 23 – Gene Tunney defeats Jack Dempsey to become heavyweight boxing champion of the world.
• September 25
  • The League of Nations Slavery Convention abolishes all types of slavery.
  • William Lyon Mackenzie King returns to office as Prime Minister of Canada, after winning the Canadian federal election.
  • Henry Ford announced the 8-hour, 5-day work week.

October[edit]

• October 2 – Józef Piłsudski becomes prime minister of Poland.
• October 12 – British miners agree to end their strike.
• October 14 – A. A. Milne's children's book Winnie-the-Pooh is published in London, featuring the eponymous bear.
• October 16 – An ammunition explosion on troopship Kuang Yuang near Jiujiang, China, kills 1,200.^[19]
• October 19 – The 1926 Imperial Conference opens in London.
• October 20 – A hurricane kills 650 in Cuba.
• October 23
  • Leon Trotsky and Lev Kamenev are removed from the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
  • A decree in Italy bans women from holding public office.
  • The Fazal Mosque, the first purpose-built in London and the first Ahmadiyya mosque in Britain, is completed.
• October 31 – Magician Harry Houdini dies of gangrene and peritonitis that has developed after his appendix ruptured.

November[edit]

• November 10 – In San Francisco, a necrophiliac serial killer named Earle Nelson (dubbed "Gorilla Man") kills and then rapes his 9th victim, a boarding house landlady named Mrs. William Edmonds.
• November 11 – The United States Numbered Highway System, including U.S. Route 66, is established.
• November 15
  • The NBC Radio Network opens in the United States with 24 stations (formed by Westinghouse, General Electric and RCA).
  • The Balfour Declaration is approved by the 1926 Imperial Conference, making the Commonwealth dominions equal and independent.
• November 24
  • The village of Rocquebillier, in the French Riviera, is almost destroyed in a massive hailstorm.
  • Sri Aurobindo retires, leaving "The Mother" to run the Sri Aurobindo Ashram in Puducherry, India.
• November 25 – The death penalty is re-established in Italy.
• November 26 – All Italian Communist deputies are arrested.
• November 27 – The restoration of Colonial Williamsburg begins in Williamsburg, Virginia, United States.

December[edit]

• December 2 – British prime minister Stanley Baldwin ends the martial law that had been declared due to the general strike.
• December 3 – Agatha Christie disappears from her home in Surrey; on December 14 she is found under an assumed name at a Harrogate hotel.
• December 7 – The Council for the Preservation of Rural England, later the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE), is founded by Patrick Abercrombie to limit urban sprawl and ribbon development.
• December 13 – Miina Sillanpää becomes Finland's first female government minister.
• December 17 – 1926 Lithuanian coup d'état: A democratically elected government is overthrown in Lithuania; Antanas Smetona assumes power.
• December 18 – Turkey converts to the Gregorian calendar, making the next day January 1, 1927.
• December 23 – Nicaraguan President Adolfo Díaz requests U.S. military assistance in the ongoing civil war. American peacekeeping troops immediately set up neutral zones in Puerto Cabezas and at the mouth of the Rio Grande to protect American and foreign lives and property.^[20][21]
• December 26 – In the history of Japan, the Shōwa period begins from this day, due to the death of Emperor Taishō on the day before. His son Hirohito will reign as Emperor of Japan until 1989.^[22]

Date unknown[edit]

• Muthulakshmi Reddi becomes the first woman to be appointed to a legislature in India, the Madras Legislative Council.
• Stephen H. Langdon begins excavations in Jemdet Nasr, finding proto-cuneiform clay tablets (3100–2900 BCE).
• Phencyclidine (PCP, angel dust) is first synthesized.
• Earl W. Bascom, rodeo cowboy and artist, designs and marks rodeo's first high-cut rodeo chaps at Stirling, Alberta, Canada.
• The International African Institute is founded in London.
• Industrial output surpasses the level of 1913 in the USSR.^{[clarification needed] [citation needed]}

Births[edit]

January[edit]

• January 1
  • Blanca Rodríguez, First Lady of Venezuela during the 1970s-1990s (d. 2020)^[23]
  • Claudio Villa, Italian singer (d. 1987)^[24]
• January 3
  • Mohamed Yaacob, Malaysian lawyer, judge and Menteri Besar of Kelantan (d. 2009)
  • Sir George Martin, English record producer (d. 2016)
• January 6 – Mickey Hargitay, Hungarian actor, bodybuilder (d. 2006)
• January 7 – Kim Jong-pil, South Korean politician (d. 2018)^[25]
• January 8 – Evelyn Lear, American soprano (d. 2012)
• January 10 – Júlio Pomar, Portuguese painter (d. 2018)^[26]
• January 11
  • Lev Dyomin, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 1998)
  • Ahmad Fuad Mohieddin, 42nd Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 1984)
• January 12
  • Ray Price, American country music singer and songwriter (d. 2013)^[27]
  • Morton Feldman, American composer (d. 1987)
• January 13 – Michael Bond, English fiction writer, creator of Paddington Bear (d. 2017)
• January 14 – Tom Tryon, American actor and novelist (d. 1991)
• January 15 – Maria Schell, Austrian actress (d. 2005)
• January 17
  • Antonio Domingo Bussi, Argentine Army general, former Governor of Tucuman (d. 2011)
  • Moira Shearer, Scottish actress, dancer (d. 2006)
• January 18 – Hannie van Leeuwen, Dutch politician (d. 2018)
• January 19 – Fritz Weaver, American actor (d. 2016)^[28]
• January 20 – Patricia Neal, American actress (d. 2010)^[29]
• January 21
  • Steve Reeves, American actor (d. 2000)
  • Roger Taillibert, French architect (d. 2019)
• January 23 – Bal Thackeray, Indian politician (d. 2012)
• January 26 – Franco Evangelisti, Italian composer (d. 1980)
• January 27 – Ingrid Thulin, Swedish actress (d. 2004)
• January 28 – Amin al-Hafez, 22nd Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 2009)
• January 29
  • Bob Falkenburg, American tennis player and entrepreneur (d. 2022)
  • Abdus Salam, Pakistani physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
• January 30 – Vasily Arkhipov, Soviet naval officer (d. 1998)

February[edit]

• February 1
  • Nancy Gates, American actress (d. 2019)
  • Vivian Maier, American street photographer (d. 2009).^[30]
• February 2
  • Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, President of France (d. 2020)^[31]
  • Miguel Obando y Bravo, Nicaraguan Roman Catholic prelate (archbishop of Managua, cardinal) (d. 2018)
• February 3 – Hans-Jochen Vogel, German politician (d. 2020)
• February 4 – Gyula Grosics, Hungarian footballer (d. 2014)
• February 7
  • Konstantin Feoktistov, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 2009)
  • Estanislao Esteban Karlic, Argentine cardinal
  • Keiko Tsushima, Japanese actress (d. 2012)
• February 8
  • Neal Cassady, American writer (d. 1968)
  • Birgitte Reimer, Danish actress (d. 2021)
• February 9 – Garret FitzGerald, Irish lawyer, politician, and 7th Taoiseach of Ireland (d. 2011)
• February 10
  • Carmen Romano, First Lady of Mexico (d. 2000)
  • Danny Blanchflower, Northern Irish footballer, football manager (d. 1993)
• February 11
  • Paul Bocuse, French chef (d. 2018)
  • Leslie Nielsen, Canadian-American actor (d. 2010)
• February 12 – Charles Van Doren, American professor, subject of film Quiz Show (d. 2019)
• February 14 – Alfred Körner, Austrian footballer (d. 2020)
• February 15 – Muhammad al-Badr, King of Yemen (d. 1996)
• February 16 – John Schlesinger, British film director (d. 2003)
• February 17 – John Meyendorff, French-born American Orthodox scholar, protopresbyter and educator (d. 1992)
• February 18 – Jeanne Wilson, American swimmer (d. 2018)
• February 19 – György Kurtág, Hungarian composer and academic
• February 20
  • Richard Matheson, American author (d. 2013)^[32]
  • Bob Richards, American track and field athlete^[33] (d. 2023)
  • Gillian Lynne, English ballerina, dancer, choreographer, actress, and theatre-television director (d. 2018)
  • María de la Purísima Salvat Romero, Spanish nun, saint (d. 1998)
• February 22 – Kenneth Williams, English actor (d. 1988)
• February 24 – Knut Kleve, Norwegian philologist (d. 2017)
• February 26 – Henry Molaison, American memory disorder patient (d. 2008)
• February 27 – David H. Hubel, Canadian neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2013)^[34]
• February 28 – Svetlana Alliluyeva, Russian author (d. 2011)

March[edit]

• March 2 – Murray Rothbard, American economist (d. 1995)^[35]
• March 3
  • Craig Dixon, American athlete (d. 2021)^[36]
  • James Merrill, American poet (d. 1995)^[37]
• March 4 – Prince Michel of Bourbon-Parma, French royal, businessman (d. 2018)
• March 6
  • Alan Greenspan, American economist, Federal Reserve Chairman
  • Yoshimi Osawa, Japanese judoka (d. 2022)
  • Andrzej Wajda, Polish film director (d. 2016)^[38]
• March 8 – Sultan Salahuddin of Selangor (d. 2001)
• March 10 – Aleksandr Zatsepin, Soviet and Russian composer
• March 11
  • Ralph Abernathy, African-American civil rights leader (d. 1990)
  • Thomas Starzl, American physician (d. 2017)^[39]
• March 13 – Carlos Roberto Reina, President of Honduras (d. 2003)
• March 14 – Carlos Heitor Cony, Brazilian journalist, writer (d. 2018)
• March 16
  • Edwar al-Kharrat, Egyptian novelist, writer and critic (d. 2015)
  • Jerry Lewis, American comedian, humanitarian and philanthropist (known for The Nutty Professor) (d. 2017)
• March 17 – Siegfried Lenz, German writer (d. 2014)
• March 18
  • Peter Graves, American actor (d. 2010)
  • Tan Chin Nam, Malaysian businessman and racehorse owner (d. 2018)
• March 21 – Heikki Hasu, Finnish Olympic cross-country skier
• March 23 – Berta Loran, Brazilian-Polish actress
• March 24
  • Dario Fo, Italian author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
  • Desmond Connell, Irish cardinal (d. 2017)
• March 25 – László Papp, Hungarian boxer (d. 2003)
• March 26 – Aldo Tarlao, Italian Olympic rower (d. 2018)^[40]
• March 28 – Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba, Spanish aristocrat (d. 2014)
• March 30
  • Ingvar Kamprad, Swedish businessman, founder of IKEA (d. 2018)^[41]
  • Peter Marshall, American singer, television host (Hollywood Squares)
  • Sydney Chaplin, American actor (d. 2009)
• March 31 – John Fowles, English writer (d. 2005)

April[edit]

• April 1
  • Charles Bressler, American tenor (d. 1996)
  • Anne McCaffrey, American-born Irish author (d. 2011)
• April 2
  • Jack Brabham, Australian racing driver (d. 2014)
  • Omar Graffigna, Argentine Air Force officer (d. 2019)
• April 3 – Gus Grissom, American astronaut (d. 1967)^[42]
• April 5
  • Roger Corman, American filmmaker, producer, actor and businessman (d. 2024)
  • Ri Kun-mo, North Korean politician (d. 2001)
• April 6
  • Jeanne Martin Cissé, Guinean teacher, nationalist politician (d. 2017)
  • Sergio Franchi, Italian tenor, actor (d. 1990)
  • Ian Paisley, Northern Irish politician (d. 2014)
• April 8 – Jürgen Moltmann, German theologian and academic (d. 2024)
• April 9 – Hugh Hefner, American magazine editor (Playboy) (d. 2017)
• April 10 – Gustav Metzger, German-born stateless auto-destructive artist (d. 2017)
• April 12 – Jane Withers, American actress (d. 2021)
• April 13
  • John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough, British peer (d. 2014)
  • Egon Wolff, Chilean playwright, author (d. 2016)
• April 14
  • Frank Daniel, Czech-born writer, producer, director, and teacher (d. 1996)
  • Gloria Jean, American actress and singer (d. 2018)
  • George Robledo, Chilean soccer player (d. 1989)
  • Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo, Spanish politician (d. 2008)
• April 15 – Jurriaan Schrofer, Dutch sculptor, designer, and educator (d. 1990)^[43]
• April 19 – Rawya Ateya, Egyptian politician, first female parliamentarian in the Arab world (d. 1997)
• April 21
  • Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom (d. 2022)^[44]
  • Arthur Rowley, English footballer (d. 2002)
  • Alexander Lyudskanov, Bulgarian translator, semiotician and mathematician (d. 1976)
• April 22
  • Ted Hibberd, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2017)
  • Charlotte Rae, American actress, singer (d. 2018)
  • James Stirling, Scottish architect (d. 1992)
• April 24 – Thorbjörn Fälldin, twice Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 2016)^[45]
• April 27
  • Tim LaHaye, American evangelist, speaker and author (d. 2016)^[46]
  • Vladimír Černý, Czechoslovakian modern pentathlete (d. 2016)
• April 28 – Harper Lee, American novelist (To Kill a Mockingbird) (d. 2016)^[47]
• April 29 – Paul Baran, American internet pioneer (d. 2011)^[48]
• April 30
  • Alda Neves da Graça do Espírito Santo, Santomean poet (d. 2010)
  • Cloris Leachman, American actress (d. 2021)^[49]
  • Christian Mohn, Norwegian ski jumper and sports official (d. 2019)

May[edit]

• May 1 – Peter Lax, Hungarian-American mathematician, academic
• May 3
  • Matt Baldwin, Canadian curler (d. 2023)
  • Ema Derossi-Bjelajac, Croatian politician (d. 2020)
• May 5 – Ann B. Davis, American actress (d. 2014)
• May 7 – Rebiha Khebtani, French Algerian politician (d. 2006)
• May 8
  • Sir David Attenborough, British broadcaster, naturalist, and producer
  • David Hurst, German actor (d. 2019)
  • Don Rickles, American stand-up comedian, actor (d. 2017)
• May 10 – Hugo Banzer, 51st President of Bolivia (d. 2002)
• May 14 – Eric Morecambe, English comedian, author (d. 1984)
• May 15
  • Anthony Shaffer, English novelist, playwright (d. 2001)
  • Sir Peter Shaffer, English playwright (d. 2016)
• May 17
  • Prince Dimitri Romanov, Russian prince, banker, philanthropist and author (d. 2016)
  • Franz Sondheimer, German-born British chemist (d. 1981)
  • Dietmar Schönherr, Austrian film actor (d. 2014)
• May 18 – Niranjan Bhagat, Indian poet (d. 2018)
• May 21 – Robert Creeley, American poet (d. 2005)
• May 23 – Aileen Hernandez, African-American union organizer, civil rights activist, and women's rights activist (d. 2017)
• May 24 – Stanley Baxter, Scottish actor and screenwriter
• May 25
  • Claude Akins, American actor (d. 1994)
  • Bill Sharman, American basketball player, coach (d. 2013)^[50]
• May 26 – Miles Davis, African-American Jazz musician (d. 1991)
• May 27 – Rashidi Kawawa, 1st Prime Minister of Tanzania (d. 2009)
• May 29 – Abdoulaye Wade, 3rd President of Senegal

June[edit]

• June 1
  • Andy Griffith, American actor, comedian, singer (d. 2012)
  • Marilyn Monroe, American actress (d. 1962)
• June 3
  • Flora MacDonald, Canadian politician and humanitarian (d. 2015)
  • Allen Ginsberg, American poet (Howl) (d. 1997)^[51]
  • Molly Lazechko, American politician (d. 2010).^[52]
• June 4 – Robert Earl Hughes, American who was the heaviest human being recorded in the history of the world during his lifetime (d. 1958)
• June 5
  • Emile Capgras, Martinican politician (d. 2014)
  • Paul Soros, Hungarian-born American mechanical engineer, inventor, businessman and philanthropist (d. 2013)
• June 6 – Antônio Ribeiro de Oliveira, Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2017)
• June 7 – Jean-Noël Tremblay, Canadian politician (d. 2020)
• June 10
  • June Haver, American actress and singer (d. 2005)
  • Lionel Jeffries, British film director and actor (d. 2010)
• June 11
  • Carlisle Floyd, American composer and educator (d. 2021)^[53]
  • Frank Plicka, Czech-born photographer (d. 2010)
• June 12
  • Amadeo Carrizo, Argentine goalkeeper (d. 2020)
  • Gaspare di Mercurio, Italian doctor and author (d. 2001)
• June 13
  • Satoru Abe, Japanese-American sculptor and painter
  • June Krauser, American swimmer (d. 2014)^[54]
• June 16 – Efraín Ríos Montt, Guatemalan career military officer and politician (d. 2018)^[55]
• June 18
  • Avshalom Haviv, (d. 1947)
  • Allan Sandage, American astronomer (d. 2010)
• June 19 – Erna Schneider Hoover, American mathematician and inventor^[56]
• June 21
  • Washington Malianga, Zimbabwean politician (d. 2014)
  • Johanna Quandt, German businesswoman (d. 2015)
• June 22
  • George Englund, American film editor, director, producer, and actor (d. 2017)
  • Elyakim Haetzni, Israeli lawyer (d. 2022)
  • Tadeusz Konwicki, Polish filmmaker (d. 2015)
  • Rachid Solh, 2-Time Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 2014)
• June 23
  • Yoshihiro Hamaguchi, Japanese freestyle swimmer (d. 2011)
  • Magda Herzberger, Romanian author, poet and composer, survivor of the Holocaust (d. 2021)
  • Annette Mbaye d'Erneville, Senegalese writer
  • Arnaldo Pomodoro, Italian sculptor
• June 24
  • Muslim Arogundade, Nigerian sprinter (d. 1991)
  • Barbara Scofield, American tennis player (d. 2023)
• June 25
  • Ján Eugen Kočiš, Czech bishop (d. 2019)
  • Ingeborg Bachmann, Austrian writer (d. 1973)
  • Gordon Robertson, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2019)
  • Stig Sollander, Swedish alpine skier (d. 2019)
• June 26
  • Mahendra Bhatnagar, Indian poet (d. 2020)
  • Fernando Mönckeberg Barros, Chilean surgeon
  • Luis Molné, Andorran alpine skier
  • André Monnier, French ski jumper (d. 2023)
  • Fritz Zwazl, Austrian swimmer
• June 27
  • Giambattista Bonis, Italian professional football player
  • Geza de Kaplany, Hungarian-born physician
  • Don Raleigh, American ice hockey player (d. 2012)
  • Bruce Tozer, Australian cricketer (d. 2021)
  • Galina Vecherkovskaya, Russian rower
• June 28
  • Elisabeta Abrudeanu, Romanian artistic gymnast
  • George Booth, American cartoonist (d. 2022)
  • Mel Brooks, American actor, comedian, and screenwriter
• June 30
  • Peter Alexander, Austrian actor and singer (d. 2011)
  • Paul Berg, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2023)^[57]
  • Božena Moserová, Czech alpine skier (d. 2017)

July[edit]

• July 1
  • Fernando J. Corbató, American computer scientist (d. 2019)^[58]
  • Robert Fogel, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
  • Carl Hahn, German automotive executive, chairman of Volkswagen (d. 2023)
  • Hans Werner Henze, German composer (d. 2012)
• July 2
  • Liu Dajun, Chinese agricultural scientist, educator and an academician (d. 2016)
  • Alfons Oehy, Swiss swimmer (d. 1977)
  • Carlo Rolandi, Italian sailor (d. 2020)
• July 3 – María Lorenza Barreneche, First Lady of Argentina (d. 2016)
• July 4
  • Alfredo Di Stéfano, Argentine-born footballer (d. 2014)
  • Amos Elon, Israeli writer (d. 2009)
  • Lopön Tenzin Namdak, Tibetan religious leader
• July 5
  • Salvador Jorge Blanco, President of the Dominican Republic (d. 2010)
  • Diana Lynn, American actress (d. 1971)
  • Anthony Purssell, English brewing executive and rower
• July 6
  • Serge Roullet, French film director and screenwriter (d. 2023)
  • Dorothy E. Smith, British-born Canadian sociologist (d. 2022)
• July 7
  • Armand Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2015)
  • Thorkild Simonsen, Danish politician (d. 2022)
  • Nuon Chea, Cambodian politician, 31st Prime Minister of Cambodia (d. 2019)
  • Mel Clark, American Major League Baseball outfielder (d. 2014)
• July 8
  • David Malet Armstrong, Australian philosopher (d. 2014)
  • Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, Swiss-American psychiatrist (d. 2004)
• July 9
  • Jens Juul Eriksen, Danish cyclist (d. 2004)
  • Mathilde Krim, founding chairman of amfAR, the American Foundation for AIDS Research (d. 2018)
  • Ben Roy Mottelson, American-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2022)
• July 10
  • Carleton Carpenter, American actor and dancer (d. 2022)
  • Donald Geary, American ice hockey player (d. 2015)
  • Fred Gwynne, American actor and author (d. 1993)
  • Harry MacPherson, American pitcher (d. 2017)
  • Aldo Tortorella, Italian journalist, former politician and partisan
• July 11
  • Frederick Buechner, American author and theologian (d. 2022)
  • Joe Houston, American saxophonist (d. 2015)
• July 12 – Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali, spouse of Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad
• July 13 – Cheng Chi-sen, Taiwanese sports shooter
• July 14 – Harry Dean Stanton, American film and television actor (d. 2017)
• July 15
  • Sir John Graham, 4th Baronet, English diplomat (d. 2019)
  • Leopoldo Galtieri, Argentine dictator (d. 2003)
  • Raymond Gosling, English physicist (d. 2015)
• July 16
  • Emile Degelin, Belgian film director and novelist (d. 2017)
  • Michael Otedola, Nigerian politician (d. 2014)
  • Irwin Rose, American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 2015)
  • Stef Wertheimer, German-born Israeli industrialist, investor, philanthropist and former politician
• July 17 – Édouard Carpentier, Canadian professional wrestler (d. 2010)
• July 18
  • Maunu Kurkvaara, Finnish film director and screenwriter (d. 2023)
  • Bernard Pons, French politician and medical doctor (d. 2022)
• July 19
  • Terry Cavanagh, Canadian politician (d. 2017)
  • Helen Gallagher, American actress, dancer, and singer
• July 20
  • Charles David Ganao, Congolese politician (d. 2012)
  • Odd Kallerud, Norwegian politician (d. 2016)
• July 21
  • Otto Beyeler, Swiss cross country skier (d. 2004)
  • Norman Jewison, Canadian film director (d. 2024)
• July 22 – Bryan Forbes, English film director (d. 2013)
• July 24 – Hans Günter Winkler, German show jumping rider (d. 2018)
• July 25
  • Yvonne Ciannella, American coloratura soprano in opera and concert (d. 2022)
  • Beatriz Segall, Brazilian actress (d. 2018)
  • Ray Solomonoff, American inventor (d. 2009)
• July 26 – James Best, American actor and acting coach (d. 2015)
• July 28 – Walt Brown, American presidential candidate
• July 29 – Franco Sensi, Italian businessman (d. 2008)
• July 30 – Nina Kulagina, Russian psychic (d. 1990)
• July 31
  • Bernard Nathanson, American medical doctor and activist (d. 2011)
  • Hilary Putnam, American philosopher, mathematician and computer scientist (d. 2016)

August[edit]

• August 2
  • Sy Mah, Canadian marathoner (d. 1988)
  • George Habash, Palestinian Christian politician (d. 2008)
  • Igor Spassky, Russian scientist, engineer and entrepreneur
  • Hang Thun Hak, Cambodian radical politician, academic and playwright (d. 1975)
• August 3
  • Rona Anderson, Scottish stage, film, and television actress (d. 2013)
  • Loris Campana, Italian road and track cyclist (d. 2015)
  • Tony Bennett, American singer (d. 2023)
  • Shun-ichi Iwasaki, Japanese engineer
• August 5 – Clifford Husbands, 6th Governor-General of Barbados (d. 2017)
• August 6
  • Janet Asimov, American writer and psychiatrist (d. 2019)
  • János Rózsás, Hungarian writer (d. 2012)
  • Frank Finlay, English stage, film and television actor (d. 2016)
  • Elisabeth Beresford, British author (d. 2010)
  • Norman Wexler, American screenwriter (d. 1999)
• August 7 – Stan Freberg, American author, recording artist and comedian (d. 2015)
• August 8
  • Silvio Amadio, Italian film director and screenwriter (d. 1995)
  • Jimmy Brown, American trumpeter, saxophonist and singer (d. 2006)
  • Angelo Bonfietti, Brazilian basketball player (d. 2004)
• August 9 – Frank M. Robinson, American science fiction and techno-thriller writer (d. 2014)
• August 10
  • Marie-Claire Alain, French organist (d. 2013)^[59]
  • Carol Ruth Vander Velde, American mathematician (d. 1972)^[60]
  • Arthur Maxwell House, Canadian neurologist (d. 2013)
• August 11
  • Ron Bontemps, American basketball player (d. 2017)
  • Aaron Klug, Lithuanian-English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018)^[61]
  • Claus von Bülow, Danish-British socialite (d. 2019)
  • John Gokongwei, Filipino billionaire businessman and philanthropist (d. 2019)
• August 12
  • John Derek, American actor and film director (d. 1998)
  • Osamu Ishiguro, Japanese tennis player (d. 2016)
  • Hiroshi Koizumi, Japanese actor (d. 2015)
  • René Vignal, French footballer (d. 2016)
• August 13
  • Fidel Castro, Cuban revolutionary and politician (d. 2016)
  • Valentina Levko, Russian opera and chamber singer (d. 2018)
  • Norris Bowden, Canadian figure skater (d. 1991)
• August 14
  • Martin Broszat, German historian (d. 1989)
  • René Goscinny, French comic book writer (d. 1977)
  • Buddy Greco, American jazz and pop singer and pianist (d. 2017)
• August 15
  • Sukanta Bhattacharya, Bengali poet and playwright (d. 1947)
  • Ivy Bottini, American activist and artist (d. 2021)
  • Julius Katchen, American concert pianist (d. 1969)
  • Sami Michael, Iraqi-Israeli author (d. 2024)
  • Konstantinos Stephanopoulos, former President of Greece (d. 2016)
• August 16
  • Jack Britto, Pakistani Olympic field hockey player (d. 2013)
  • Eivind Hjelmtveit, Norwegian cultural administrator (d. 2017)
  • Yu Min, Chinese nuclear physicist (d. 2019)
• August 17
  • Jean Poiret, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1992)
  • Jiang Zemin, former General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (paramount leader) and President of China (d. 2022)
• August 18 – Orlando Bosch, Cuban terrorist (d. 2011)
• August 19 – Luis Bordón, Paraguayan musician and composer (d. 2006)
• August 20 – Hocine Aït Ahmed, Algerian politician (d. 2015)
• August 21 – Marian Jaworski, Polish cardinal (d. 2020)
• August 22 – Werner Spitz, German-American forensic pathologist (d. 2024)
• August 23 – Clifford Geertz, American anthropologist (d. 2006)
• August 29
  • Helene Ahrweiler, Greek historian and academic
  • Ramakrishna Hegde, Indian politician (d. 2004)
  • Betty Lynn, American actress (d. 2021)

September[edit]

• September 1
  • Stanley Cavell, American philosopher (d. 2018)
  • Abdur Rahman Biswas, 11th President of Bangladesh (d. 2017)
• September 2 – Ibrahim Nasir, Maldivian president (d. 2008)
• September 3
  • Uttam Kumar, Bengali actor (d. 1980)
  • Alison Lurie, American author and academic (d. 2020)
• September 4
  • Elias Hrawi, 14th President of Lebanon (d. 2006)
  • Ivan Illich, Austrian philosopher and Catholic priest who founded the Centro Intercultural de DocumentacióninCuernavaca, Mexico (d. 2002)^[62]
• September 5 – Mishaal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Saudi prince (d. 2017)
• September 6 – Claus van Amsberg, German born Prince Consort of the Netherlands (d. 2002)
• September 7 – Ivone Ramos, Cape Verdean writer (d. 2018)
• September 8 – Sergio Pininfarina, Italian automobile designer (d. 2012)^[63]
• September 9 – Yusuf al-Qaradawi, Egyptian Islamic theologian (d. 2022)
• September 11 – Gerrit Viljoen, South African government minister (d. 2009)
• September 13 – Emile Francis, Canadian ice hockey player and manager (d. 2022)
• September 14
  • Dick Dale, American singer and musician (d. 2014)
  • Carmen Franco, 1st Duchess of Franco, Spanish noble (d. 2017)
  • John F. Kurtzke, American neurologist (d. 2015)
• September 15 – Jean-Pierre Serre, French mathematician
• September 17
  • Bill Black, American rock and roll musician and bandleader (d. 1965)
  • Andrea Kékesy, Hungarian figure skater
• September 19
  • Victoria Barbă, Moldovan animated film director (d. 2020)^[64]
  • Masatoshi Koshiba, Japanese physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2020)
  • James Lipton, American television personality and writer (d. 2020)
• September 21
  • Donald A. Glaser, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
  • Noor Jehan, Pakistani singer and actress (d. 2000)
• September 22 – Bill Smith, American clarinet player and composer (d. 2020)
• September 23
  • Aage Birch, Danish competitive sailor and Olympic medalist (d. 2017)
  • John Coltrane, American jazz saxophonist (d. 1967)
  • Heng Freylinger, Luxembourgian wrestler (d. 2017)
• September 25
  • Carlos Chasseing, Argentine politician (d. 2018)
  • John Ericson, German-American actor (d. 2020)
• September 26
  • Tulsi Giri, former Prime Minister of Nepal (d. 2018)
  • Julie London, American actress and singer (d. 2000)
• September 28 – Ozzie Van Brabant, Canadian baseball player (d. 2018)
• September 30 – Frank O'Neill, Australian swimmer (d. 2024)