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Events from the year 1956 in Italy
Incumbents
[ edit ]
President – Giovanni Gronchi
Prime minister – Antonio Segni
Events
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January 25 – February 5: in Cortina d’Ampezzo , 1956 winter Olympics . For the first time, Italy hosts the Olympic Games.
February: an extraordinary wave of cold and snow, the second for intensity in the Twentieth century, strikes the whole Italy.
February 2: in Partinico the activist Danilo Dolci and 19 laborers are arrested for a “reverse strike” (they cleared an uncultivated land in protest). In the year, there are in Southern Italy several clashes between laborers and police, with 4 dead.
February 16: Minister of budget Ezio Vanoni dies for an hearth attack, during a debate in the Italian Senate about the economic situation.
February 26-March 14: Giovanni Gronchi is the first Italian head of state to visit USA and Canada.
April 21: first issue of the tabloid Il giorno ENI .
April 22: the PCI deputy Francesco Moranino, escaped in Prague , is sentenced in absentia to life imprisonment for crimes committed during the Resistance; he’s the first MP condemned by a tribunal in the history of Italian Republic.
April 23: first session and first sentence of the Constitutional Court , presided by Enrico De Nicola ; it abrogates an illiberal article of the Penal code.[1]
May 27; local elections
June 13: in an interview to Nuovi Argomenti Palmiro Togliatti comments the publication of Khruschev ’s secret speech ; the PCI secretary criticize the cult of personality but expresses several doubts about the de-Stalinization politicy.[2]
August 25: in Pralognan-la-Vanoise , Pietro Nenni and Giuseppe Saragat meets together; the two Socialist leaders discuss about a rapprochement and eventual reunification of PSI and PSDI .
October 25: the Hungarian revolution divides the Italian left. The Communist party approves the Russian intervention, that is instead condemned by CGIl , included the communist secretary Giuseppe Di Vittorio (October 27) and by the Socialist Party (November 1)
October 29: a manifest signed by 101 Communist intellectuals expresses strong dissent by the PCi position about the Hungarian revolution.
November 24-27: in Milan, at the fifth MSI congess, the radical current Ordine Nuovo , headed by Pino Rauti , leaves the party.
November 26: a secret agreement between CIA and Italian secret services creates the stay-behind organization Gladio .
Catastrophes
[ edit ]
Crime news
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October 10: In Terrazzano two lunatics, the brothers Santato, take hostage for a day, in a primary school, 97 children and three schoolmistresses; the children are saved by the sacrifice of a volunteer, the worker Sante Zennaro, killed by the police’s friendly fire.
Economy
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The Vanoni plan for the development of Italian economy, Keynesian in nature, is abandoned after the death of his promoter. Yet, the Prime minister Antonio Segni and the DC secretary Amintore Fanfani support a policy of public intervention, breaking with the liberalism of the former cabinets.
February 28: the three employers’ organization, Confindustria , Confcommercio and Confagricoltura constitute a coordination committee, Confintesa.
December 22: the State Holding Ministry is instituted.
Art
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Culture
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Critica e poesia (Critic and poetry) by Mario Fubini
First issue of the magazines
Literature
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Essays
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Il futuro ha un cuore antico by Carlo Levi (travel book in Russland)
Fiction
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Poetry
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Fuochi fatui by Camillo Sbarbaro,
Versi e poesie by Giacomo Noventa.
Literary awards
[ edit ]
Theatre
[ edit ]
I tromboni (The windbags) – satirical review by Federico Zardi, with Vittorio Gassman .
Cinema
[ edit ]
In 1956, Italian cinema was in a phase of transition. Auteur and socially engaged cinema is almost limited to only two titles: The roof Vittorio De Sica , considered the last neorealist film, and The railroad man Pietro Germi .
The most of the Italian production belongs the popular genres.
Romantic comedy Poveri ma belli by Dino Risi , a love triangle among three young Roman commoners, is the greatest public success of the year[3] Donatella by Mario Monicelli , The Monte Carlo story ,by Samuel A. Taylor , Lucky to be a woman by Alessndro Blasetti .
Comic movie : Totò is at the height of his popularity and has the starring role in four films, all by Camillo Mastrocinque (Totò lascia o raddoppia? Totò Peppino and the hussy ,The band of honest men ,Totò, Peppino and the outlaws Alberto Sordi carries on his ascent with Guardia, guardia scelta, brigadiere e maresciallo Nero’s mistress Dario Fo ’s bewildered humour to the big screen, (Lo svitato by Carlo Lizzani ), gets little success.
Melodramas : Rice girl by Raffello Matarazzo ), The awakening by Mario Camerini . The musical melodramas, such as Guaglione by Giorgio Simonelli , Mermaid of Naples by Luigi Capuano and Canzone proibita by Flavio Calzavara , despite their modest artistic level, achieved great commercial success, especially in southern Italy.
Period dramas Michele Strogoff by Carmine Gallone , Le schiave di Cartagine by Guido Brignone , Beatrice Cenci by Riccardo Freda .
Box office
[ edit ]
The non-Italian films are omitted.
Poveri ma belli - 6,789 million viewiers
The railroad man - - 5,517 million viewiers
Michele Strogoff - 5.067 million viewiers
Guaglione - 4, 968 million viewiers
Totò, Peppino and the hussy - 4,644 million viewiers[3]
Awards
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Nastri d’argento The Railroad man Pietro Germi (Best director, for The railroad man) , Anna Magnani (Best actress, for The awakening
First edition of David di Donatello
Academy awards Anna Manani (Best actress for The rose tatoo
Berlin International Film Festival Elsa Martinelli (Best actress for Donatella
Music
[ edit ]
Pop music
[ edit ]
The year sees the success of the Neapolitan songs by Aurelio Fierro (Guaglione Renato Carosone (Tu vuo fa’ l’americano Domenico Modugno (Io, mammeta e tu ) dealing with the topics of love and youth without sentimentality but with lively music and ironic lyrics.[4]
Science
[ edit ]
Oreste Piccioni proves the existence of antineutron .
Sport
[ edit ]
Italian championships
[ edit ]
Italian victories
[ edit ]
Gold medals
[ edit ]
At the 1956 Winter Olympics , Italy gets 1 gold and 2 silver medals (all male).
At the 1956 Summer Olympics , Italy gets 8 gold, 8 silver and 9 bronze medals (all male).
Births
[ edit ]
3 January: Gioele Dix , actor
19 January: Fiordaliso , singer
5 February: Andrea Vitali , writer
20 February: Giulio Scarpati , actor
2 March: Carlo Mazzacurati , director (d. 2014)
5 March: Marco Paolini , actor
25 March: Federico Rampini , journalist
18 April: Roberto Calderoli , politician
26 April: Giacomo Poretti , comic actor
3 May: Carlo Rovelli : physicist
8 May: Cristina Comencini , film director
12 May: Evaristo Beccalossi , football player
23 May: Andrea Pazienza , cartoonisti (d. 1981)
27 May: Giuseppe Tornatore , director
30 May:Piero Chiambretti , TV presenter
30 May:David Sassoli , journalist and politician (d. 2022)
3 June: Elisabetta Gardini , actress and politician
6 June: Marco Minniti , politician
11 June: Giobbe Covatta , stand-up comedian.
26 June: Davide Ferrario , film director.
18 July: Maurizio Gasparri , politician.
19 July: Veronica Lario , actress and Silvio Berlusconi ’s wife.
22 July: Massimo Carlotto , writer.
28 July: Luca Barbareschi , actor.
7 August: Gerry Scotti , TV presenter.
13 August: Bruno Giordano , football player.
19 August: Sergio Brio , football player.
21 August: Laura Morante , actress.
10 September: Giancarlo Galan , politician.
23 September: Paolo Rossi , football player (d. 2020).
6 October: Bruno Nockler , alpine skier (d. 1982)
11 October: Edoardo Albinati , writer.
13 October: Oliviero Diliberto , politician.
19 October: Carlo Urbani , microbiologist, (d. 2003)
26 November: Alessandro Momo , actor (d. 1974).
23 December: Michele Alboreto , racing driver (d. 2001)
26 December: Beppe Severgnini , journalist.
Deaths
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January 12: Domenico Giuliotti , writer (b. 1877)
January 22: Giuseppe Musolino , brigand (b. 1876)
January 22: Renato Ricci , fascist politician, (b. 1896)
February 15: Paolo Buzzi , writer, (b. 1874)
February 16: Ezio Vanoni , economist and politician (b. 1903)
February 28: Carlo Gnocchi , priest and philantophist, (b. 1902)
March 1: Eugenio (Israel) Zolli , rabbi, (b. 1881)
April 2: Filippo De Pisis , painter, (B. 1896)
June 11: Corrado Alvaro , writer (b. 1895)
June 17: Enrico Prampolini , artist, (b. 1894)
June 30: Alfredo Ferrari , engineer, (b. 1932)
July 8: Giovanni Papini , writer, (b. 1881)
August 12: Giampiero Combi , football player, (b. 1902)
August 23: Galileo Chini , artist, (b. 1873)
September 26: Pietro Calamandrei jwriter, urist and politician.(b. 1881)
October 12; Lorenzo Perosi , priest and composer, (b. 1872)
November 1: Pietro Badoglio , general and Prime Minister.(b. 1871)
November 22: Pier Maria Rosso di San Secondo , playwright, (b. 1887)
Sources
[ edit ]
References
[ edit ]
^ "Palmiro Togliatti, intervista a Nuovi Argomenti" . www.associazionestalin.it . Retrieved 2024-04-12 .
^ a b Bennati, Fulvio (25 April 2012). "Box Office Italia 1956: Poveri ma Belli" . BoxOfficeBenful . Retrieved 2024-05-07 .
^ "Top Annuali: 1956" . www.hitparadeitalia.it . Retrieved 2024-05-04 .
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