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Contents

   



(Top)
 


1 Background  





2 Candidates  



2.1  Nominee  





2.2  Withdrew during primaries  





2.3  Withdrew before primaries  





2.4  Declined to run  







3 Polling  



3.1  National polling  







4 Primary race  





5 Results  





6 Endorsements  





7 See also  





8 Notes  





9 References  














1980 Republican Party presidential primaries






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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 


1980 Republican Party presidential primaries

← 1976 January 21 to June 3, 1980 1984 →

1,990 delegates to the 1980 Republican National Convention
996 (majority) votes needed to win
 
Candidate Ronald Reagan George H. W. Bush John B. Anderson
Home state California Texas Illinois
Delegate count 1,407 250 59
Contests won 42 7 + DC + Puerto Rico 0
Popular vote 7,709,793 3,070,033 1,572,174
Percentage 59.79% 23.81% 12.19%

     Reagan      Bush      Uncommitted


Previous Republican nominee

Gerald Ford

Republican nominee

Ronald Reagan

From January 21 to June 3, 1980, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 1980 United States presidential election. Retired Hollywood actor and two-term California governor Ronald Reagan was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the Republican National Convention held from July 14 to 17, 1980, in Detroit, Michigan.

Background[edit]

As the 1980 presidential election approached, incumbent Democratic president Jimmy Carter appeared vulnerable. High gas prices, economic stagflation, a renewed Cold War with the Soviet Union following the invasion of Afghanistan, and the Iran hostage crisis that developed when Iranian students seized the American embassy in Tehran all contributed to a general dissatisfaction with Carter's presidency; his job approval rating sank to below 20 percent in late-1979 as a result. Consequently, the president faced stiff Democratic primary challenges from Massachusetts Senator Ted Kennedy and California Governor Jerry Brown. A large field of Republican challengers also emerged.

Candidates[edit]

Nominee[edit]

Candidate Most recent office Home state Campaign

Withdrawal date

Popular vote Contests won Running mate
Ronald Reagan Governor of California
(1967–1975)
California
California

(CampaignPositions)
Secured nomination:
May 24, 1980
7,709,793
(59.79%)
44 George Bush

Withdrew during primaries[edit]

Candidate Most recent office Home state Campaign

Withdrawal date

Popular vote Contests won
George H. W. Bush Director of Central Intelligence Agency
(1976–1977)
Texas
Texas

Campaign
Withdrew: May 26

(endorsed Ronald Reagan, nominated for vice president)
3,070,033

(23.81%)

8

CT, DC, IA, ME, MA, MI, PA, PR

John Anderson U.S. Representative
from Illinois
(1961–1981)

Illinois

Withdrew: April 24

(ran as independent)
1,572,174

(12.19%)

None
Howard Baker U.S. Senator
from Tennessee

(1967–1985)
Tennessee
Tennessee

Withdrew: March 5
(endorsed Ronald Reagan)
181,153

(1.41%)

None
Phil Crane U.S. Representative
from Illinois
(1969–2005)

Illinois

Withdrew: April 17
[1]
(endorsed Ronald Reagan)
97,793

(0.76%)

None
John Connally Secretary of the Treasury
(1971–1972)
Texas
Texas

Withdrew: March 9
(endorsed Ronald Reagan)
82,625

(0.64%)

Won 1 delegate from Arkansas (Ada Mills)
Ben Fernandez U.S. Special EnvoytoParaguay (1973)
California
California

Withdrew: March 30

(endorsed Ronald Reagan)
25,520

(0.20%)

None
Harold Stassen Director of the United States Foreign Operations Administration
(1953–1955)
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
[data missing] 25,425

(0.20%)

None
Bob Dole U.S. Senator
from Kansas
(1969–1996)
Kansas
Kansas

Withdrew: March 15
7,204

(0.06%)

None

Withdrew before primaries[edit]

Withdrawn major candidates for the 1980 Republican Party presidential primaries
Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
announced
Campaign
suspended
Campaign Ref.

Larry Pressler
March 29, 1942
(age 37)
Humboldt, South Dakota
U.S. Senator from South Dakota
U.S. Representative from South Dakota
 South Dakota [data missing] January 8, 1980 [citation needed]

Lowell Weicker
May 16, 1931
(age 48)
Paris, France
United States Senator from Connecticut
 Connecticut [data missing] May 16, 1979 [citation needed]

Declined to run[edit]

The following potential candidates declined to run for the Republican nomination in 1980.[2][3]

Polling[edit]

National polling[edit]

Poll source Publication date
John Anderson
Howard Baker
George Bush
John Connally
Bob Dole
Gerald Ford
Ronald Reagan
Others
Gallup[5] Aug. 1977 8% 20% 33% 3%
Gallup[5] Apr. 1978 11% 4% 4% 40% 30% 4%
Gallup[5] July 1978 9% 1% 5% 4% 37% 31% 5%
Gallup[5] Dec. 1978 1% 9% 1% 6% 1% 24% 40% 11%[a]
Gallup[5] Apr. 1979 2% 8% 1% 12% 1% 26% 31% 11%[b]
Gallup[5] May 1979 10% 8% 3% 27% 28%
Gallup[5] June 1979 0% 11% 0% 5% 0% 29% 37% 5%
Gallup[5] July 1979 3% 11% 1% 9% 2% 27% 32% 15%[c]
Gallup[5] Aug. 1979 1% 10% 3% 8% 1% 21% 29% 16%[d]
Gallup[5] Nov. 1979 1% 14% 2% 10% 3% 22% 33% 15%[e]
Gallup[5] Nov. 1979 0% 11% 5% 8% 3% 24% 40%
Gallup[5] Dec. 1979 1% 9% 7% 10% 4% 18% 40% 10%[f]
Gallup[5] Jan. 1980 3% 9% 9% 9% 0% 27% 33%
Gallup[5] Jan. 1980 0% 6% 28% 7% 0% 18% 29%
Gallup[5] Feb. 1980 2% 6% 17% 4% 1% 32% 34% 3%[g]
Gallup[5] Feb. 1980 3% 7% 16% 25% 44%
  1. ^ Including 1% for Phil Crane.
  • ^ Including 2% for Phil Crane.
  • ^ Including 2% for Phil Crane.
  • ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
  • ^ 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
  • Primary race[edit]

    Ronald Reagan, who had narrowly lost the 1976 Republican nomination to President Gerald Ford, was the early odds-on favorite to win the nomination in 1980. He was so far ahead in the polls that campaign director John Sears decided on an "above the fray" strategy. He did not attend many of the multi-candidate forums and straw polls in the summer and fall of 1979.

    George H. W. Bush, the former director of the Central Intelligence Agency and chairman of the Republican National Committee, did go to all the so-called "cattle calls", and began to come in first at a number of these events. Along with the top two, a number of other Republican politicians entered the race.

    In January 1980, the Iowa Republicans decided to have a straw poll as a part of their caucuses for that year. Bush defeated Reagan by a small margin. Bush declared he had "the Big Mo", and with Reagan boycotting the Puerto Rico primary in deference to New Hampshire, Bush won the territory easily, giving him an early lead going into New Hampshire.

    With the other candidates in single digits, the Nashua Telegraph offered to host a debate between Reagan and Bush. Worried that a newspaper-sponsored debate might violate electoral regulations, Reagan subsequently arranged to fund the event with his own campaign money, inviting the other candidates to participate at short notice. The Bush camp did not learn of Reagan's decision to include the other candidates until the debate was due to commence. Bush refused to participate, which led to an impasse on the stage. As Reagan attempted to explain his decision, Jon Breen, the editor of the Nashua Telegraph and debate moderator, ordered Bob Malloy, the volume operator, to mute Reagan's microphone. When Malloy refused, Breen repeated his order. A visibly angry Reagan responded, "I am paying for this microphone, Mr. Green!" [sic] (referring to the editor and debate moderator Jon Breen).[6][7][8] Eventually the other candidates agreed to leave, and the debate proceeded between Reagan and Bush. Reagan's quote was often repeated as "I paid for this microphone!" and dominated news coverage of the event; Reagan sailed to an easy win in New Hampshire.[9]

    Ronald Reagan delivering his acceptance speech at the Republican National ConventioninDetroit, Michigan, on July 17, 1980.

    Lee Bandy, a writer for the South Carolina newspaper The State stated that heading into the South Carolina primary, political operative Lee Atwater worked to engineer a victory for Reagan: "Lee Atwater figured that Connally was their biggest threat here in South Carolina. So Lee leaked a story to me that John Connally was trying to buy the black vote. Well, that story got out, thanks to me, and it probably killed Connally. He spent $10 million for one delegate. Lee saved Ronald Reagan's candidacy."[10]

    Reagan swept the South, and although he lost five more primaries to Bush—including the Massachusetts primary in which he came in third place behind John B. Anderson—the former governor had a lock on the nomination very early in the season. Reagan said he would always be grateful to the people of Iowa for giving him "the kick in the pants" he needed.

    Reagan was an adherent to a policy known as supply-side economics, which argues that economic growth can be most effectively created using incentives for people to produce (supply) goods and services, such as adjusting income tax and capital gains tax rates. Accordingly, Reagan promised an economic revival that would benefit all sectors of the population. He said that cutting tax rates would actually increase tax revenues because the lower rates would cause people to work harder as they would be able to keep more of their money. Reagan also called for a drastic cut in "big government" and pledged to deliver a balanced budget for the first time since 1969. In the primaries Bush called Reagan's economic policy "voodoo economics" because it promised to lower taxes and increase revenues at the same time.

    Results[edit]

    Tablemaker's Note:[a]

    Date
    (daily totals)
    Contest Total
    pledged delegates
    Delegates won and popular vote
    Ronald Reagan George Bush John B. Anderson Howard Baker Phil
    Crane
    John Connally Bob Dole Others Uncommitted
    January 21 Iowa
    Caucus
    [11]
    106,608
    0 (of 38) 31,348
    (29.40%)
    33,530
    (31.45%)
    4,585
    (4.30%)
    16,773
    (15.73%)
    7,135
    (6.69%)
    9,861
    (9.25%)
    1,576
    (1.48%)
    1,800
    (1.69%)
    February 2 Arkansas
    District Conventions[12]
    12(of 19) 6 Del. 1 Del. 4 Del. 1 Del.
    February 16 Arkansas
    State Convention[13]
    7(of 19) 1 Del. 1 Del. 1 Del. 4 Del.
    February 17 Puerto Rico
    Primary[14]
    187,946
    14(of 20) 14 Del.
    112,901
    (60.07%)
    70,025
    (37.26%)
    2,039
    (1.08%)
    457
    (0.24%)
    2,524[b]
    (1.34%)
    February 26 New Hampshire
    Primary
    [15]
    146,782
    23(of 23) 15 Del.
    72,734
    (49.55%)
    5 Del.
    33,304
    (22.69%)
    14,622
    (9.96%)
    2 Del.
    18,760
    (12.78%)
    2,633
    (1.79%)
    2,215
    (1.51%)
    608
    (0.41%)
    1,906 WI[c]
    (1.30%)
    March 1 Iowa
    County Conventions[16]
    2,902 CDs
    0 (of 38) 925 CDs
    (31.87%)
    1,150 CDs
    (39.63%)
    64CDs
    (2.21%)
    322 CDs
    (11.10%)
    91CDs
    (3.14%)
    127 CDs
    (4.38%)
    2CDs
    (0.07%)
    221 CDs
    (7.62%)
    March 4 Massachusetts
    Primary[17]
    400,826
    42(of 42) 13 Del.
    115,334
    (28.77%)
    14 Del.
    124,365
    (31.03%)
    13 Del.
    122,987
    (30.68%)
    2 Del.
    19,366
    (4.82%)
    4,669
    (1.16%)
    4,714
    (1.18%)
    577
    (0.14%)
    6,571 WI[d]
    (1.64%)
    2,243
    (0.56%)
    Vermont
    Primary[18]
    65,611
    0 (of 19) 19,720
    (30.06%)
    14,226
    (21.68%)
    19,030
    (29.00%)
    8,055
    (12.28%)
    1,238
    (1.89%)
    884 WI
    (1.35%)
    2,458 WI[e]
    (3.75%)
    March 8 South Carolina
    Primary[19]
    145,501
    25(of 25) 25 Del.
    79,549
    (54.67%)
    21,569
    (14.82%)
    773
    (0.53%)
    43,113
    (29.63%)
    117
    (0.08%)
    380 [f]
    (0.26%)
    March 11
    (126)
    Alabama
    Primary[20]
    211,353
    27(of 27) 18 Del.
    147,352
    (69.72%)
    9 Del.
    54,730
    (25.90%)
    1,963
    (0.93%)
    5,099
    (2.41%)
    1,077
    (0.51%)
    447
    (0.21%)
    685 [g]
    (0.32%)
    Florida
    Primary[21]
    614,995
    51(of 51) 51 Del.
    345,699
    (56.21%)
    185,996
    (30.24%)
    56,636
    (9.21%)
    6,345
    (1.03%)
    12,000
    (1.95%)
    4,958
    (0.81%)
    1,086
    (0.18%)
    2,275 [h]
    (0.37%)
    Georgia
    Primary[22]
    200,171
    36(of 36) 36 Del.
    146,500
    (73.18%)
    25,293
    (12.64%)
    16,853
    (8.42%)
    1,571
    (0.78%)
    6,308
    (3.15%)
    2,388
    (1.19%)
    249
    (0.12%)
    1,009 [i]
    (0.50%)
    March 18 Illinois
    Pres. Primary[23]
    1,130,081
    0 (of 92) 547,355
    (48.44%)
    124,057
    (10.98%)
    415,193
    (36.74%)
    7,051
    (0.62%)
    24,865
    (2.20%)
    4,548
    (0.40%)
    1,843
    (0.16%)
    5,169 [j]
    (0.46%)
    Illinois
    Del. Primary[24]
    92(of 92) 46 Del. 2 Del. 26 Del. 4 Del.
    March 25 Connecticut
    Primary[25]
    182,284
    35(of 35) 14 Del.
    61,735
    (33.87%)
    15 Del.
    70,367
    (38.60%)
    6 Del.
    40,354
    (22.14%)
    2,446
    (1.34%)
    1,887
    (1.04%)
    598
    (0.33%)
    333
    (0.18%)
    308 [k]
    (0.17%)
    4,256
    (2.33%)
    New York
    Del. Primary[26][27]
    117 (of 123) 72 Del. 6 Del. 1 Del. 38 Del.
    April 1 Kansas
    Primary[28]
    285,398
    35(of 35) 20 Del.
    179,739
    (62.98%)
    4 Del.
    35,838
    (12.56%)
    5 Del.
    51,924
    (18.19%)
    3,603
    (1.26%)
    1,367
    (0.48%)
    2,067
    (0.72%)
    4,134 [l]
    (1.45%)
    6,726
    (2.36%)
    Wisconsin
    Primary[29]
    907,853
    34(of 34) 28 Del.
    364,898
    (40.19%)
    276,164
    (30.42%)
    6 Del.
    248,623
    (27.39%)
    3,298
    (0.36%)
    2,951
    (0.33%)
    2,312
    (0.26%)
    7,012 WI[m]
    (0.77%)
    4,951
    (0.29%)
    April 5 Louisiana
    Primary[30]
    42,397
    29(of 29) 29 Del.
    31,256
    (73.72%)
    8,066
    (19.02%)
    820 [n]
    (1.93%)
    2,255
    (5.32%)
    April 17 North Dakota
    State Convention[31]
    28(of 28) 12 Del. 1 Del. 4 Del.
    April 19 Maine
    State Convention[32]
    21(of 21) 17 Del. 4 Del.
    Minnesota
    District Conventions[o][33]
    6(of 34) 6 Del.
    April 20 Alaska
    State Convention[34]
    19(of 19) 19 Del.
    April 22 Pennsylvania
    Pres. Primary[35]
    1,241,411
    0 (of 83) 527,916
    (42.53%)
    626,759
    (50.49%)
    26,890 WI
    (2.17%)
    30,846
    (2.49%)
    10,656
    (0.86%)
    18,344 [p]
    (1.48%)
    Pennsylvania
    Del. Primary[35]
    76(of 83) 76 Del.[q]
    Vermont
    Caucus[36]
    979 SDs[r]
    0 (of 19) 318 SDs
    (32.48%)
    67SDs
    (6.84%)
    13SDs
    (1.33%)
    April 26 Minnesota
    District Conventions[s][37]
    3(of 34) 3 Del.
    Missouri
    District Conventions[t][38][39]
    15(of 37) 15 Del.
    May 3 Arizona
    State Convention[40]
    28(of 28) 28 Del.
    Minnesota
    District Conventions[u][41]
    12(of 34) 4 Del. 8 Del.
    Missouri
    District Conventions[v][39]
    15(of 37) 15 Del.
    Oklahoma
    State Convention[40]
    28(of 28) 28 Del.
    Texas
    Primary[42]
    526,769
    80(of 80) 65 Del.
    268,798
    (50.49%)
    15 Del.
    249,819
    (47.43%)
    8,152
    (1.55%)
    May 6 Washington, D.C.
    Pres. Primary[43]
    7,529
    0 (of 14) 4,973
    (66.05%)
    2,025
    (26.90%)
    261 [w]
    (3.47%)
    Washington, D.C.
    Del. Primary[43]
    14(of 14) 14 Del.
    Indiana
    Primary[42]
    568,313
    56(of 56) 56 Del.
    419,016
    (73.73%)
    92,955
    (16.36%)
    56,342
    (9.91%)
    North Carolina
    Primary[44]
    168,391
    40(of 40) 30 Del.
    113,854
    (67.61%)
    10 Del.
    36,631
    (21.75%)
    8,542
    (5.07%)
    2,543
    (1.51%)
    547
    (0.33%)
    1,107
    (0.66%)
    629
    (0.37%)
    4,538
    (2.70%)
    Tennessee
    Primary[44]
    195,210
    32(of 32) 24 Del.
    144,625
    (74.09%)
    8 Del.
    35,274
    (18.07%)
    8,722
    (4.47%)
    16WI
    (0.01%)
    1,574
    (0.81%)
    1WI
    (0.00%)
    629
    (0.37%)
    22WI[x]
    (0.01%)
    4,976
    (2.55%)
    May 10 Wyoming
    State Convention[45]
    19(of 19) 16 Del. 3 Del.
    May 13 Maryland
    Primary[46]
    167,303
    30(of 30) 15 Del.
    80,557
    (48.15%)
    15 Del.
    68,389
    (40.88%)
    16,244
    (9.71%)
    2,113
    (1.26%)
    Nebraska
    Primary[46]
    205,203
    25(of 25) 25 Del.
    155,995
    (76.02%)
    31,380
    (15.29%)
    11,879
    (5.79%)
    1,062
    (0.52%)
    1,420
    (0.69%)
    3,467 [y]
    (1.69%)
    May 17 Hawaii
    State Convention[47]
    14(of 14) 14 Del.
    May 20
    (116)
    Michigan
    Primary[48]
    595,176
    82(of 82) 29 Del.
    189,184
    (31.79%)
    53 Del.
    341,998
    (57.46%)
    48,947
    (8.22%)
    4,782[z]
    (0.80%)
    10,265
    (1.73%)
    Oregon
    Primary[48]
    315,366
    29(of 29) 18 Del.
    170,449
    (54.05%)
    11 Del.
    109,210
    (34.63%)
    32,118
    (10.18%)
    2,324
    (0.74%)
    1,265 WI
    (0.40%)
    May 17 Delaware
    State Convention[49]
    21(of 21) 4 Del. 6 Del. 2 Del.
    May 25 Vermont
    State Convention[50]
    19(of 19) 16 Del. 3 Del.
    May 27 Idaho
    Primary[51]
    134,879
    17(of 21) 15 Del.
    111,868
    (82.94%)
    5,416
    (4.02%)
    2 Del.
    13,130
    (9.74%)
    1,024
    (0.76%)
    3,441
    (2.55%)
    Kentucky
    Primary[52]
    94,795
    27(of 27) 27 Del.
    78,072
    (82.36%)
    6,861
    (7.24%)
    4,791
    (5.05%)
    1,987 [aa]
    (2.10%)
    3,084
    (3.25%)
    Nevada
    Primary[53]
    47,395
    17(of 17) 14 Del.
    39,352
    (83.03%)
    1 Del.
    3,078
    (6.49%)
    2 Del.
    4,965
    (10.48%)
    May 30 Minnesota
    State Convention[54]
    10(of 34) 10 Del.
    May 31 Colorado
    District Conventions[ab][55]
    3(of 31) 3 Del.
    Missouri
    State Convention[56]
    7(of 37) 7 Del.
    June 3 California
    Primary[57]
    2,564,072
    168 (of 168) 168 Del.
    2,057,923
    (80.26%)
    125,113
    (4.88%)
    349,315
    (13.62%)
    21,465
    (0.84%)
    10,256 [ac]
    (0.40%)
    Mississippi
    Del. Primary[58]
    25,751
    22(of 22) 22 Del.
    23,028
    (89.43%)
    2,105
    (8.17%)
    618
    (2.40%)
    Montana
    Primary[58]
    79,473
    0 (of 20) 68,794
    (86.56%)
    7,665
    (9.65%)
    New Jersey
    Pres. Primary[59]
    277,977
    0 (of 66) 225,959
    (81.29%)
    47,447
    (17.07%)
    4,571 [ad]
    (1.64%)
    New Jersey
    Del. Primary[59]
    79,473
    66(of 66) 63 Del. 2 Del. 1 Del.
    New Mexico
    Primary[60]
    59,546
    22(of 22) 22 Del.
    37,982
    (63.79%)
    5,892
    (9.90%)
    4,412
    (7.41%)
    2,742 [ae]
    (4.60%)
    1,347
    (2.26%)
    Ohio
    Primary[61]
    856,773
    77(of 77) 77 Del.
    692,288
    (80.80%)
    164,485
    (19.20%)
    Rhode Island
    Primary[57]
    5,335
    13(of 13) 12 Del.
    3,839
    (71.96%)
    1 Del.
    993
    (18.61%)
    155 [af]
    (2.91%)
    348
    (6.52%)
    South Dakota
    Primary[62]
    82,905
    22(of 22) 22 Del.
    72,861
    (87.89%)
    3,691
    (4.45%)
    987 [ag]
    (1.19%)
    5,366
    (6.47%)
    West Virginia
    Pres. Primary[57]
    138,016
    0 (of 18) 115,407
    (83.62%)
    19,509
    (14.14%)
    3,100 [ah]
    (2.25%)
    West Virginia
    Del. Primary[57]
    138,016
    18(of 18) 15 Del. 3 Del.
    June 6 Iowa
    District Conventions[63][64]
    30(of 37) 17 Del. 13 Del.
    Washington
    State Convention[65]
    37(of 37) 34 Del. 1 Del. 1 Del. 1 Del.
    June 7 Colorado
    State Conventions[ai][66]
    28(of 31) 28 Del.
    Iowa
    State Convention[64]
    7(of 30) 4 Del. 3 Del.
    June 8 Montana
    State Convention[67]
    20(of 20) 20 Del.
    June 28 Idaho
    State Convention[68]
    4(of 21) 4 Del.
    Utah
    State Convention[69]
    21(of 21) 21 Del.
    1,990 delegates
    12,894,286 votes
    1,407
    7,709,793
    (59.79%)
    250
    3,070,033
    (23.81%)
    59
    1,572,174
    (12.19%)
    8
    181,153
    (1.41%)
    4
    97,793
    (0.76%)
    1
    82,625
    (0.64%)
    0
    7,204
    (0.06%)
    0
    5,702,278
    (52.64%)
    156
    112,560
    (0.87%)

    The Republican National Convention was held in Detroit, Michigan, from July 14 to 17, 1980.

    Endorsements[edit]

    Ronald Reagan

    John B. Connally Jr.

    George H. W. Bush

    John B. Anderson

    Howard Baker

    Phil Crane

    See also[edit]

    Notes[edit]

    1. ^ This should not be taken as a finalized list of results. While a significant amount of research was done, there were a number of Delegates who were not bound by the instruction, or "Pledged" to a candidate, and to simplify the data these delegates were considered "Uncommitted". Some states also held primaries for the delegate positions, and these on occasion were where slates or candidates pledge to a certain candidate might be elected; however, as these elections allowed for a single person to vote for multiple candidates, as many as the number of positions being filled, it is difficult to determine how many people actually voted in these primaries. For this reason, while the results of some are in the table, they are not included in the popular vote summaries at the bottom of the table.
  • ^ Includes 1,822 votes (0.97%) for Ben Fernandez and 589 votes (0.31%) for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 380 Write-In votes (0.26%) for Gerald Ford.
  • ^ Includes 3,398 Write-In votes (0.85%) for Gerald Ford, 374 votes (0.09%) for Benjamin Fernandez, and 218 votes (0.05%) for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 2,300 Write-In votes (3.51%) for Harold Stassen and 105 Write-In votes (0.16%) for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 171 votes (0.12%) for Benjamin Fernandez and 150 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 544 votes (0.26%) for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 1,377 votes (0.22%) for Harold Stassen and 898 votes (0.15%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  • ^ Includes 809 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 200 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 3,757 votes (0.33%) for Veldi Arvel "VA" Kelley and 1,106 Write-In votes (0.10%) for Gerald Ford.
  • ^ All 308 votes (0.17%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  • ^ Includes 809 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 200 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 1,051 votes (0.12%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 1,010 votes (0.11%) for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 150 votes (0.35%) for Harold Stassen and 125 votes (0.29%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  • ^ Only two of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  • ^ Includes 6,767 votes (0.55%) for Harold Stassen and 2,521 votes (0.20%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  • ^ It was generally felt that Reagan had won over the vast majority of those delegates elected, though legally they were uncommitted.
  • ^ Results only for 537 of the 979 Delegates were accounted for in the source.
  • ^ Only one of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  • ^ Only five of ten districts held conventions on this date.
  • ^ Only five of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  • ^ Only five of ten districts held conventions on this date.
  • ^ Includes 201 votes (2.67%) for Harold Stassen and 60 votes (0.80%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  • ^ Includes 14 Write-In votes (0.01%) for Gerald Ford.
  • ^ Includes 799 votes (0.39%) for Harold Stassen and 400 votes (0.20%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  • ^ Includes 2,248 votes (0.38%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 1,938 votes (0.33%) for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 1,223 votes (1.29%) for Harold Stassen and 764 votes (0.81%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  • ^ Only one of five districts held conventions on this date.
  • ^ Includes 10,242 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  • ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 1,795 votes (3.01%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 947 votes (1.59%) for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ Includes 107 votes (2.01%) for Harold Stassen and 48 votes (0.90%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  • ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
  • ^ The results four district conventions are included, their exact dates not being found.
  • References[edit]

  • ^ Sidey, Hugh (May 29, 1978). "The Presidency: Roses with a Touch of Ragweed". Time.
  • ^ "Republicans: There's Life in the Old Party Yet". time. November 15, 1976.
  • ^ Clymer, Adam (March 8, 1979). "Backers of Reagan Open His Campaign". New York Times. p. A18. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  • ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "US President – R Primaries". OurCampaigns.com. November 16, 2004. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  • ^ "Reagan's Nashua Moment". Retrieved February 11, 2024 – via www.youtube.com.
  • ^ "Nation: We Were Sandbagged". Time. March 10, 1980.
  • ^ "Molloy Sound and Video Contractors: Articles (1/1/11)". Molloysoundandvideo.com. February 10, 2000. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
  • ^ Dunham, Richard (October 20, 2009). "New book tells inside story of pivotal Bush-Reagan debate in Nashua". The Houston Chronicle.
  • ^ Forbes, Stefan (2008). "Transcript – Boogie Man: The Lee Atwater Story". PBS Frontline.
  • ^ "BUSH WINS BY 2,182 VOTES". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. January 25, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "ARKANSAS GOP SELECTS SEVERAL DELEGATES BUT MORE ARE TO BE PICKED FEB 16TH". The Daily World. Helena, Arkansas. February 4, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "ARKANSAS GOP SELECTS SEVERAL DELEGATES BUT MORE ARE TO BE PICKED FEB 16TH". The Times. Shreveport, Louisiana. February 17, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "BUSH WINS ALL IN PUERTO RICO". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. February 4, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "BAKER TAKES SOLID 3D IN GOP CONTEST". The Boston Globe. Boston, Massachusetts. February 27, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "BUSH SOLIDIFIES WIN OVER REAGAN IN COUNTY TALLY". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. March 3, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "VERMONT GOES TO REAGAN, MASSACHUSETTS TO BUSH". The New York Times. New York, New York. March 6, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "STATE DELEGATE FIGHT HAS ALREADY BEGUN". The Times Argus. Barre, Vermont. March 6, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "REAGAN WIN CRUSHES FIELD IN GOP VOTE". The State. Columbia, South Carolina. March 9, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "KENNEDY GETS 2 DELEGATES". Birmingham Post-Herald. Birmingham, Alabama. March 17, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "CARTER, REAGAN SWEEP SOUTH". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "HERE'S DELEGATE BREAKDOWN OF CANDIDATE PREFERENCE". The Columbus Ledger. Columbus, Georgia. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "ANDERSON LOSES HOME STATE". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. March 19, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "ILLINOIS PRIMARY FINAL RESULTS". Southern Illinoisan. Carbondale, Illinois. March 20, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "REAGAN FELL JUST SHY OF DELEGATE MAJORITY". Hartford Courant. Hartford, Connecticut. March 29, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "BUSH VICTORIOUS OVER REAGAN IN CONNECTICUT PRIMARY". New York Times. New York, New York. March 26, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "SCORECARD OF DELEGATES". New York Times. New York, New York. March 26, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "STATE MOVES TO DELEGATE STEP". The Marysville Advocate. Marysville, Kansas. April 3, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "STATE FINAL VOTE TOTALS". Wisconsin State Journal. Madison, Wisconsin. April 3, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "STATE VOTE TOTALS". The Daily Advertiser. Lafayette, Louisiana. April 7, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "REAGAN WINS NORTH DAKOTA". The Times. Shreveport, Louisiana. April 18, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ "BUSH CAPTURES MAINE DELEGATES". The Bangor Daily News. Bangor, Maine. April 21, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "REAGAN GAINS DELEGATES IN MISSOURI". St. Cloud Times. Saint Cloud, Minnesota. April 21, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ "ALASKA REPUBLICANS TO VOTE FOR REAGAN". Daily Sitka Sentinel. Sitka, Alaska. April 21, 1980. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
  • ^ a b "KENNEDY, CARTER IN CLIFFHANGER; BUSH, FLAHERTY, SPECTER WINNERS". The Pittsburgh Press. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. April 23, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "REPUBLICANS". The Times Argus. Barre, Vermont. April 23, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  • ^ "REAGAN ADDS TO DELEGATE COUNT". St. Cloud Times. Saint Cloud, Minnesota. April 28, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ "REAGAN GAINS DELEGATES IN MISSOURI". The Kansas City Star. Kansas City, Missouri. February 4, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ a b "REAGAN GAINS DELEGATES IN MISSOURI". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. February 4, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ a b "REAGAN SWEEPS STATE DELEGATES AT CONVENTION". Arizona Republic. Phoenix, Arizona. May 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "BUSH WINS EIGHT DELEGATES". The Winona Daily News. Winona, Minnesota. May 5, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ a b "BUSH LIKELY TO FIND TIME RUNNING OUT". Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Fort Worth, Texas. May 5, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ a b "CARTER, REAGAN PAD LEADS WITH PRIMARY WINS". The Baltimore Sun. Baltimore, Maryland. May 7, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ a b "CARTER, REAGAN HOLD THREE-QUARTERS OF NEEDED DELEGATES". The Roanoke Times. Roanoke, Virginia. May 7, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "WYOMING ADDED TO REAGAN LIST". The Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, California. May 11, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ a b "CARTER, REAGAN WIN EASILY". The Evening Sun. Baltimore, Maryland. May 14, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "GOP DELEGATES PICK 'OPEN-MINDED' STANCE". The Honolulu Advertiser. Honolulu, Hawaii. May 18, 1980. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
  • ^ a b "BUSH STRUGGLES TO CASH IN ON MICHIGAN WIN". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. May 22, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "BUSH IS VICTOR AT DELAWARE CONVENTION". The Morning News. Wilmington, Delaware. April 21, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "VERMONT IS REAGAN'S; KENNEDY BEATS CARTER". Arizona Republic. Phoenix, Arizona. May 25, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "FINAL RETURNS". The Times-News. Twin Falls, Idaho. May 29, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "CARTER". The State Journal. Frankfort, Kentucky. May 28, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "CARTER IS ONLY 86 DELEGATES SHY OF GOAL". Merced Sun-Star. Merced, California. May 28, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "REAGAN SWEEP LEAVES FEELINGS". The Austin Daily Herald. Austin, Minnesota. May 31, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ "REAGAN, CARTER WIN STATE POLLS". The Daily Sentinel. Grand Junction, Colorado. June 2, 1980. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
  • ^ "U.S. MUST BE STRONG, REAGAN SAYS HERE". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. June 1, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ a b c d "CAPSULE LOOK AT RESULTS OF 9-STATE PRESIDENTIAL RACE". Oakland Tribune. Oakland, California. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ a b "CAPSULE LOOK AT RESULTS OF 9-STATE PRESIDENTIAL RACE". The Greenwood Commonwealth. Greenwood, Mississippi. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ a b "TED'S FORCES HAIL JERSEY VOTE MARGIN". The Jersey Journal. Jersey City, New Jersey. June 5, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "KENNEDY BACKERS IN N.M. JUBILANT". The Albuquerque Tribune. Albuquerque, New Mexico. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "CARTER WINS OHIO DESPITE STRONG SHOWING BY KENNEDY". The Cincinnati Post. Cincinnati, Ohio. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "NOVEMBER IN SIGHT". Lead Daily Call. Lead, South Dakota. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "DEAL FALTERS, GOP DELEGATES SPLIT". The Gazette. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. June 7, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ a b "GOV. RAY TO HEAD DELEGATION TO DETROIT". The Gazette. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. June 8, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  • ^ "REAGAN: 34 DELEGATES". The Spokesman-Review. Spokane, Washington. June 29, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ "STATE DELEGATES BACK REAGAN BUT UNDECIDED ON RUNNING MATE". The Daily Sentinel. Grand Junction, Colorado. June 8, 1980. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
  • ^ "STATES GOP DELEGATES ACHIEVE UNITY WITH REAGAN". The Missoulian. Missoula, Montana. June 9, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ "IDAHO GOP FAVORS TAX CHANGES". The Idaho Statesman. Boise, Idaho. June 29, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ "GOP NOMINATES WRIGHT TO RUN FOR GOVERNOR". The Salt Lake Tribune. Salt Lake City, Utah. June 29, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  • ^ a b c d "1980 New Hampshire Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  • ^ a b c "1980 Vermont Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  • ^ a b "1980 Kansas Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  • ^ a b c d "1980 Ohio Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  • ^ "1980 South Carolina Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  • ^ Brill, Steven (November 18, 1979). "1980 New Hampshire Republican Primary". The New York Times.
  • ^ a b c d e f g h "1980 New Hampshire Republican Primary". The Washington Post.
  • ^ "1980 New Hampshire Republican Primary". November 1979.
  • ^ "Some race car drivers have become so successful they have become capitalists". The Boston Globe. February 13, 1980.
  • ^ "Haley Barbour (R) – WhoRunsGov.com/The Washington Post". February 21, 2011. Archived from the original on February 21, 2011. Retrieved February 11, 2024.
  • ^ a b c d e f g "Politics and Hollywood". The Washington Post. March 8, 1980.
  • ^ a b c d e f "1980 Massachusetts Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  • ^ "THE FLIP-FLOP WOES". January 13, 2008.
  • ^ "How Bush Has Altered Views". The Washington Post. August 18, 1988.
  • ^ "Interview with Charles McC. Mathias". October 18, 1995.
  • ^ "McCloskey Buries the Hatchet by Endorsing Reagan". The Washington Post. September 26, 1980.
  • ^ a b c "John Anderson: The Nice Guy Syndrome". The Atlantic. February 1980.
  • ^ "1980 Georgia Republican Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 21, 2020.

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