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2021 RR₂₀₅

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2021 RR₂₀₅

Discovery^[1]

Discovered by

S. S. Sheppard
D. J. Tholen
C. Trujillo

Discovery site

Mauna Kea Obs.

Discovery date

5 September 2021

Designations

MPC designation

2021 RR₂₀₅

Minor planet category

TNO^[2] · detached · distant^[3]

Orbital characteristics (barycentric)^[4]

Epoch 25 February 2023 (JD 2460000.5)

Uncertainty parameter3^[2]

Observation arc

5.11 yr (1,867 days)

Earliest precovery date

24 July 2017

1926 AU

55.541 AU

990.9 AU

0.94395

Orbital period (sidereal)

31173 yr

Mean anomaly

0.363°

Mean motion

0° 0^m 0.114^s / day

Inclination

7.644°

Longitude of ascending node

108.345°

Argument of perihelion

208.574°

Physical characteristics

Mean diameter

100–300 km (est. 0.04–0.2)^[5]

Apparent magnitude

24.6^[1]

Absolute magnitude (H)

6.77±0.11^[2] · 6.74^[3]

2021 RR₂₀₅ is an extreme trans-Neptunian object discovered by astronomers Scott Sheppard, David Tholen, and Chad Trujillo with the Subaru TelescopeatMauna Kea Observatory on 5 September 2021. It resides beyond the outer extent of the Kuiper belt on a distant and highly eccentric orbit detached from Neptune's gravitational influence, with a large perihelion distance of 55.5 astronomical units (AU).^[4] Its large orbital semi-major axis (~1,000 AU) suggests it is potentially from the inner Oort cloud.^[6]^[7] 2021 RR₂₀₅ and 2013 SY99 both lie in the 50–75 AU perihelion gap that separates the detached objects from the more distant sednoids; dynamical studies indicate that such objects in the inner edge this gap weakly experience "diffusion", or inward orbital migration due to minuscule perturbations by Neptune.^[6] While Sheppard considers 2021 RR₂₀₅ a sednoid, researchers Yukun Huang and Brett Gladman do not.^[8]

2021 RR₂₀₅'s heliocentric distance was 60 AU when it was discovered.^[2] It has been detected in precovery observations by the Dark Energy SurveyatCerro Tololo Observatory from as early as July 2017.^[3] It last passed perihelion in the early 1990s and is now moving outbound from the Sun.^[1]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c "MPEC-2022-S118 : 2021 RR205". Minor Planet Electronic Circular. Minor Planet Center. 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2021 RR205)" (2022-09-03 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 21 September 2022.

^ ^a ^b ^c "2021 RR205". Minor Planet Center. International Astronomical Union. Retrieved 21 September 2022.

^ ^a ^b "JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris for 2021 RR205 at epoch JD 2460000.5". JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 21 September 2022. Solution using the Solar System Barycenter. Ephemeris Type: Elements and Center: @0)

^ "Asteroid Size Estimator". Center for Near Earth Object Studies. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 21 September 2022.

^ ^a ^b Bannister, Michele; Shankman, Cory; Volk, Katherine (2017). "OSSOS: V. Diffusion in the orbit of a high-perihelion distant Solar System object". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (6): 262. arXiv:1704.01952. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..262B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6db5. S2CID 3502267.

^ Sheppard, Scott S. "Scott Sheppard Small Body Discoveries". Earth and Planets Laboratory. Carnegie Institution for Science. Retrieved 10 October 2022.