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| Millennium: | 1st millennium BC |
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| 242 BC by topic |
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| Gregorian calendar | 242 BC CCXLII BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 512 |
| Ancient Egypt era | XXXIII dynasty, 82 |
| - Pharaoh | Ptolemy III Euergetes, 5 |
| Ancient Greek era | 134th Olympiad, year 3 |
| Assyrian calendar | 4509 |
| Balinese saka calendar | N/A |
| Bengali calendar | −834 |
| Berber calendar | 709 |
| Buddhist calendar | 303 |
| Burmese calendar | −879 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5267–5268 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊午年 (Earth Horse) 2456 or 2249 — to — 己未年 (Earth Goat) 2457 or 2250 |
| Coptic calendar | −525 – −524 |
| Discordian calendar | 925 |
| Ethiopian calendar | −249 – −248 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3519–3520 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | −185 – −184 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2859–2860 |
| Holocene calendar | 9759 |
| Iranian calendar | 863 BP – 862 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 890 BH – 889 BH |
| Javanese calendar | N/A |
| Julian calendar | N/A |
| Korean calendar | 2092 |
| Minguo calendar | 2153 before ROC 民前2153年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −1709 |
| Seleucid era | 70/71 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 301–302 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳土马年 (male Earth-Horse) −115 or −496 or −1268 — to — 阴土羊年 (female Earth-Goat) −114 or −495 or −1267 |
Year 242 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Catulus and Albinus (or, less frequently, year 512 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 242 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
