Following the 1941 Japanese invasion, the 26th participated in the Allied withdrawal to the Bataan Peninsula. In doing so, the unit conducted a classic delaying action that allowed other, less mobile, units to safely withdraw to the peninsula.[10] During the delaying action the 26th provided the "stoutest"[9] and only "serious opposition"[11] to the Japanese; the majority of the units sent north towards Lingayen Gulf were divisions (11th, 21st, 71st, & 91st Infantry Divisions) of the untrained and poorly equipped Philippine Army.[11] For instance, during the initial landings the regiment alone delayed the advance of four enemy infantry regiments for six hours at Damortis, and on 24 December repulsed a tank assault at Binalonan.[9] However, the resistance was not without cost, as by the end of 24 December the regiment had been reduced to 450 men.[12][13] Following these events, the regiment was pulled off the line and brought back up to a strength of 657 men, who in January 1942 held open the roadways to the Bataan Peninsula allowing other units to prepare for their stand there.[9]
The 26th Cavalry Regiment, consisting mostly of Philippine Scouts, was the last U.S. cavalry regiment to engage in horse-mounted warfare. When Troop G encountered Japanese forces at the village of Morong on 16 January 1942, Lieutenant Edwin P. Ramsey ordered the last cavalry charge in American history.[14][15][16] It would not be until 22 October 2001, when American Soldiers would enter combat on horseback again, when members of the 12-man Operational Detachment Alpha 595 (Green Berets), accompanying members of the Afghanistan Northern Alliance, rode into battle at Cōbaki in Balkh Province.[17]
During the retreat to Bataan, the 26th was heavily outnumbered by an infantry force supported by tanks. They drove off the surprised Japanese. Due to a shortage of food, they found it necessary to butcher their mounts and the regiment was converted to two squadrons, one a motorized rifle squadron, the other a mechanized squadron utilizing the remaining scout cars and Bren carriers.[9]
Following the delaying action down the central Luzon plain, Troop C was cut off from the rest of the regiment, having been ordered into Northern Luzon in an attempt to defend BaguiobyMajor GeneralWainwright in late December 1941. In January 1942, the unit, with assistance from 71st Infantry and elements of the 11th Infantry,[18] raided Tuguegarao Airfield,[19] destroying several planes,[20] and killing multiple Japanese soldiers.[18][21] Eventually the unit was supplemented by other soldiers and guerrillas, and remained an effective fighting force well into 1943.[19][22] The remnants of Troop C would later be integrated into the United States Army Forces in the Philippines – Northern Luzon,[20] which due to deaths and captures would be led by Russell W. Volckmann.[23][24] Other guerrilla organizations were led by officers of the regiment, who ignored the surrender orders, or by enlisted men who escaped from Bataan.[25] However, those organizations did not have a direct connection to the regiment, as the Cagayan-Apayao Forces did.[citation needed]
The regiment was inactivated in 1946 and disbanded in 1951.[26]
^Morton, Louis (2006) [1953]. "VIII. THE MAIN LANDINGS". In Greenfield, Kert Roberts (ed.). The Fall of the Philippines. United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History. p. 131. Archived from the original on 8 January 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
^ abMorton, Louis (2006) [1953]. "VIII. THE MAIN LANDINGS". In Greenfield, Kert Roberts (ed.). The Fall of the Philippines. United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History. p. 136. Archived from the original on 8 January 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
^Morton, Louis (2006) [1953]. "VIII. THE MAIN LANDINGS". In Greenfield, Kert Roberts (ed.). The Fall of the Philippines. United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History. p. 138. Archived from the original on 8 January 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
^ ab"Guillermo Nakar"(PDF). National Historical Institute. Republic of the Philippines. Archived from the original(PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
^(North Luzon Force, United States Army Forces in the Far East. Cited; War Department General Order # 14, 1942).
^(Army Troops, United States Army Forces in the Far East. Cited; War Department General Order #32, 1942.)
^(Military and naval forces of the United States and Philippine Governments. Cited; War Department General Order #22, 1942, as amended by Department of the Army General Order #46, 1948).
United States of America
Commonwealth of the Philippines
This article incorporates public domain material from 26th Cavalry Regiment. United States Army Institute of Heraldry.
