The 339th Infantry Division was created in December 1940 as an infantry division of the 14th Aufstellungswelle in military district IX in Thuringia. In May 1941 it was moved to the border with the Soviet Union. After Operation Barbarossa, the 339th ID was deployed in August 1941 in the rear area of Army Group Center near Vitebsk and Bobruisk in Belarus.
In October 1943, the Division became part of the 4th Panzer Army under Army Group South. On 2 November 1943, after suffering heavy losses in the Battle of the Dnieper, the remnants of the 339th ID formed Divisions-Gruppe 339 and was combined with the remains of other divisions to form Korps-Abteilung C. The 339th ID itself was disbanded.
Georg Tessin: Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939–1945. Band 9. Die Landstreitkräfte 281 – 370. Biblio-Verlag, Bissendorf 1974, ISBN 3-7648-1174-9.