J u m p t o c o n t e n t
M a i n m e n u
M a i n m e n u
N a v i g a t i o n
● M a i n p a g e ● C o n t e n t s ● C u r r e n t e v e n t s ● R a n d o m a r t i c l e ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● C o n t a c t u s ● D o n a t e
C o n t r i b u t e
● H e l p ● L e a r n t o e d i t ● C o m m u n i t y p o r t a l ● R e c e n t c h a n g e s ● U p l o a d f i l e
S e a r c h
Search
A p p e a r a n c e
● C r e a t e a c c o u n t ● L o g i n
P e r s o n a l t o o l s
● C r e a t e a c c o u n t ● L o g i n
P a g e s f o r l o g g e d o u t e d i t o r s l e a r n m o r e ● C o n t r i b u t i o n s ● T a l k
( T o p )
1 H i s t o r y
2 A n a l o g b r o a d c a s t 6 2 5 - l i n e t e l e v i s i o n s t a n d a r d s
3 A n a l o g c o l o r 6 2 5 - l i n e t e l e v i s i o n s y s t e m s
4 D i g i t a l v i d e o
5 S e e a l s o
6 R e f e r e n c e s
T o g g l e t h e t a b l e o f c o n t e n t s
6 2 5 l i n e s
A d d l a n g u a g e s
A d d l i n k s
● A r t i c l e ● T a l k
E n g l i s h
● R e a d ● E d i t ● V i e w h i s t o r y
T o o l s
T o o l s
A c t i o n s
● R e a d ● E d i t ● V i e w h i s t o r y
G e n e r a l
● W h a t l i n k s h e r e ● R e l a t e d c h a n g e s ● U p l o a d f i l e ● S p e c i a l p a g e s ● P e r m a n e n t l i n k ● P a g e i n f o r m a t i o n ● C i t e t h i s p a g e ● G e t s h o r t e n e d U R L ● D o w n l o a d Q R c o d e ● W i k i d a t a i t e m
P r i n t / e x p o r t
● D o w n l o a d a s P D F ● P r i n t a b l e v e r s i o n
A p p e a r a n c e
F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
Analog television resolution standard
This article is about the analog standard-definition resolution. For the equivalent digital SD resolution, see
576i .
Analog TV standard by nation; countries using 625-line are in blue. Image showing the full 625 line raster containing the visible 576 line image area
625-line (or CCIR 625/50European analog standard-definition television resolution standard.[1] [2] raster , with 576 lines carrying the visible image at 25 interlaced frames per second. It was eventually adopted by countries using 50 Hz utility frequency as regular TV broadcasts resumed after World War II.[3] [4] PAL and SECAM analog color systems.
A similar 525-line system was adopted by countries using 60 Hz utility frequency (like the US 375-line , 405-line , 441-line , 455-line and 819-line existed, but became outdated or had limited adoption.
The modern standard-definition digital video resolution 576i is equivalent and can be used to digitize an analogue 625-line TV signal, or to generate a 625-line compatible analog signal.[5]
History [ edit ]
At the CCIR Stockholm Conference in July 1948 a first 625-line system with a 8 MHz channel bandwidth was proposed by the Soviet Union , based on 1946-48 studies[3] by Mark Krivosheev .[6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] I.B.T.O. 625-line system.
At a CCIR Geneva meeting in July 1950, Dr. Gerber (a Swiss engineer), proposed a modified 625-line system using a 7 MHz channel bandwidth - informally known as the "Gerber Standard". The system was based on work by Telefunken and Walter Bruch , and was supported by Belgium , Denmark , Italy , Netherlands , Sweden and Switzerland .[3]
At a CCIR Geneva meeting in May 1951, the existing VHF broadcast standards were standardized.[3] CCIR System A , the Gerber Standard was designated System B , the Belgian variant System C and the I.B.T.O. standard System D .
In the 1960s, with the introduction of UHF broadcasts, new 625-line standards were adopted, again with slightly different broadcast parameters, leading to the creation of Systems G H I K L
Analog broadcast 625-line television standards [ edit ]
The following International Telecommunication Union standards use 625-lines:
World analog 625-line television systems [14]
ITU System Letter Designation
B
[15] [16] [17] [18]
C
[19] [20] [21]
D
[22] [21] [23] [24]
G
[25]
H
[25]
I
[26]
K
[22] [27]
K1
L
[28] [21]
N
[29] [30]
Previous designation
Gerber Standard
[15] [16] [17] [18]
Belgian 625-line system
[19] [20] [21]
I.B.T.O. 625-line system
[22] [21] [23] [24]
Band
VHF
VHF
VHF
UHF
UHF
UHF
UHF
VHF/UHF
VHF/UHF
VHF/UHF
Introduced
1950
1953
1948
1961
1961
1962
1961
1964
1961
1951
Channel bandwidth (MHz)
7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 6
Video bandwidth (MHz)
5 5 6 5 5 5.5
6 6 6 4.2
Vision sound carrier separation (MHz)
+5.5
+5.5
+6.5
+5.5
+5.5
+5.9996
+6.5
+6.5
-6.5
+4.5
Vestigial sideband (MHz)
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.25
1.25
0.75
1.25
1.25
0.75
Vision modulation (+, -)
-
+
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
-
Sound modulation (AM, FM)
FM AM FM FM FM FM FM FM AM FM
Frequency of chrominance subcarrier (MHz)
4.43
none
4.43
4.43
4.43
4.43
4.43
4.43
4.43
3.58
Vision/sound power ratio
5:1
5:1
5:1
5:1
8:1
Usual color
PAL/SECAM
none
SECAM/PAL
PAL/SECAM
PAL
PAL
SECAM/PAL
SECAM
SECAM
PAL
Assumed display device gamma[31] [14]
2.8
2.0
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
Analog color 625-line television systems [ edit ]
The following analog television color systems were used in conjunction with the previous standards (identified by a letter after the colour system indication):
PAL analog color television system (ex: PAL-B, PAL-D, etc.)
SECAM analog color television system (ex: SECAM-D, SECAM-L, etc.)
Digital video [ edit ]
625-lines is sometimes mentioned when digitizing analog video, or when outputting digital video in a standard-definition analog compatible format.
See also [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
^ a b c d "Piet's Home-built Television" . Maximus R&D .
^ "Television broadcasting 1960-70: BBC 625-line services and the introduction of colour" (PDF) .
^ "What means 576i?" . Afterdawn.com .
^ " . eng.rscc.ru .
^ "Mark Iosifovich Krivosheev (1922-2018)" . ITU .
^ On the beginning of broadcast in 625-lines 60 year s ago, 625 magazine (in Russian). Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
^ "M.I. Krivocheev - an engineer's engineer" (PDF) . EBU Technical Review . Spring 1993. pp. 27–28. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2004-12-30.
^ "In the vanguard of television broadcasting - Professor Mark Krivocheev" (PDF) . cra.ir . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-02-21.
^ Observer, Reflective (2021-12-23). "Where did 625-line TV come from?" . Medium . Retrieved 2021-12-31 .
^ "625-Line Television System Origins - UK Vintage Radio Repair and Restoration Discussion Forum" . www.vintage-radio.net . Retrieved 2021-12-31 .
^ "Leader Electronics Corporation" . Leader Electronics Corporation .
^ a b Suzuki, N.; Fukinuki, T.; Kageyama, M.; Ishikura, K.; Yoshigi, H. (January 1, 1994). "Multiplexing scheme of helper signals on bars in EDTV-II" . International Broadcasting Convention - IBC '94 . Vol. 1994. pp. 32–36. doi :10.1049/cp:19940723 – via digital-library.theiet.org.
^ a b "625-Line Television Broadcast Standards - UK Vintage Radio Repair and Restoration Discussion Forum" . www.vintage-radio.net .
^ a b "405 Alive - FAQ - 405-Line Television in History" . www.bvws.org.uk .
^ a b "The CCIR, the standards and the TV sets' market in France (1948-1985)" (PDF) .
^ a b Magnetic Recording Handbook ISBN 9789401094689
^ a b "Documents of the XIth Plenary Assembly - Oslo, 1966" (PDF) . International Telecommunication Union. Volume V.
^ a b "World Analogue Television Standards and Waveforms" . August 30, 2012. Archived from the original on 30 August 2012.
^ a b c d e "World Analogue Television Standards and Waveforms" . August 30, 2012. Archived from the original on 30 August 2012.
^ a b c "Section 11A: Characteristics of systems for monochrome and colour television" (PDF) . itu.int . Reportt 624-4.
^ a b " .
^ a b "Mark Iosifovich Krivosheev (1922-2018)" .
^ a b Reference Data for Radio Engineers, ITT Howard W.Sams Co., New York, 1977, section 30
^ "Specification of Television Standards for 625-Line System I Transmissions in the United Kingdom" (PDF) .
^ "World Analogue Television Standards and Waveforms" . www.pembers.freeserve.co.uk . Archived from the original on 30 August 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2022 .
^ Documents of the Xlth Plenary Assembly - Oslo, 1966 - Volume V - Sound Broacasting Television (PDF) . International Telecommunication Union. 1967.
^ "Help Guide | On TV color systems" . www.sony-asia.com .
^ Tecnologica, Centro de Informacion (January 19, 1999). "Informacion Tecnologica" . Centro de Informacion Tecnologica – via Google Books.
^ "C.C.I.R. Report 624-4 Characteristics of television systems, 1990" (PDF) .
t
e
Television
Analog
405 lines
525 lines
625 lines
System B , C D G H I K L N
Color systems: PAL , PAL-N , PALplus , SECAM
MAC
819 lines
1125 lines
1250 lines
Audio
Hidden signals
Historical
Digital
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=625_lines&oldid=1232007808 " C a t e g o r y : ● T e l e v i s i o n t e c h n o l o g y H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● W e b a r c h i v e t e m p l a t e w a y b a c k l i n k s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n m a t c h e s W i k i d a t a ● A r t i c l e s n e e d i n g a d d i t i o n a l r e f e r e n c e s f r o m M a y 2 0 2 3 ● A l l a r t i c l e s n e e d i n g a d d i t i o n a l r e f e r e n c e s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 1 J u l y 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 2 : 4 5 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
