Abū Naṣr Muḥammad Waḥīd (Arabic: أبو نصر محمد وحيد, Bengali: আবু নসর মুহম্মদ ওহীদ; 21 September 1878 – 31 May 1953), or simply Abu Nasr Waheed, was a Bangladeshi Islamic scholar, educationist, author and politician.[3] He is best known for his reformations to Islamic education in Bengal,[4][5] and development of Arabic language education among Bengali Muslims.[6] Wahid also served as the Education Minister of British Assam and a member of the Assam Legislative Assembly.
Wahid was initially homeschooled with an Islamic education by his father, Qari Muhammad Jawed Bakht. He then joined the Sylhet Government High School from where he completed his matriculation in 1892. He then gained admission to the local Murari Chand College where he received his FA in 1895. Wahid then enrolled at the Presidency CollegeinCalcutta, undertaking a bachelor's and master's in Arabic language. He was the first Bengali Muslim to undertake degrees in Arabic under the British system, having graduated in 1897.[8] He did another BA from Dacca University.[9]
Wahid later abandoned his legal studies and became the professor of Arabic and Persian at the Cotton CollegeinGauhati, Assam. He also briefly taught logic and English. Among his students in Gauhati was Muhammed Saadulah. The government attempted to transfer Wahid to Hooghly Mohsin College, but this was stopped by Khwaja Salimullah, the Nawab of Dacca,[10] who assisted in Wahid transferring to Dacca Mohsinia Madrasa.[2] Wahid served as superintendent of the Dacca Mohsinia Madrasa from 1905 to 1919. In 1906, he travelled across the Muslim world in countries such as Turkey, Syria, Palestine and Egypt. He also toured European institutions, visiting Berlin, Budapest, Paris and Vienna.[11] On his return to the subcontinent, Wahid also visited Darul Uloom Deoband and the Islamic seminaries of Rampur and Lucknow. His travels were a means of surveying and researching different educational systems to inspire his Islamic educational reforms in Bengal. After consulting numerous ulama across the world, he formulated the reformed New Scheme madrasa system as the head of the Mohammedan Education Advisory Committee in 1914.[12] The scheme modernised Islamic education in Bengal.[13] In 1919, he became the first principal of Islamic Intermediate College in Dacca, with other Islamic Intermediate Colleges being found in Hooghly and Chittagong.[14] He was a member of the 13-member founding committee of Dacca University.[15] After its establishment in 1921, Wahid additionally served as a professor and the inaugural Head and founder of the Department of Arabic and Islamic Studies at the university. Wahid also founded the same department at a university in Patna, Bihar. Wahid served as secretary and as a member in many university committees such as the Madrasah Reform Committee in 1906, the Earle Conference in 1907, the Sharf Committee in 1909, the Nathan Committee in 1912 and many more.[16] Wahid retired in 1927. At his initiative in 1935, the Sylhet Government Alia Madrasah became the first madrasa in Bengal to receive kamil status.[17]
Wahid was also known to have brought to light a Shah Jalal Dargah inscription kept in the house of Sheikh Abdul Haq, his sister's father-in-law, in Ambarkhana, Sylhet. He presented it to Dacca Museum where it is still kept.[18][19]
Wahid contested in the first parliamentary elections for the Assam Legislative Assembly and was successfully elected to the Sylhet Sadar constituency. He also served as Assam's education minister from April 1937 to February 1938 in the cabinet of Muhammed Saadulah.[citation needed]
Abu Nasr Wahid wrote many books in Arabic and Bengali, and was also fluent in English, Persian and Urdu. He wrote books on Arabic literature such as Barakat al-Adab and Mirqah al-Adab (for beginners),[20] and other books such as Khutbah an-Nabi, Salsil Qiraat, Nukhab (selected stories from Kalīla wa-Dimna, One Thousand and One Nights and Brethren of Purity),[21]Nukhab al-Ulum and Madarij al-Qiraat.[22] His most famous work in Bengali is Diniyat Shikkha (Religious Education). He also contributed to primary school Bengali textbooks.[23]
Wahid was married to Syeda Masuda Khatun, but after her death, he married her sister Syeda Ammatul Batool Nanni Begum. His father-in-law, Syed Abdul JabbarofTaraf, a zamindar based in Comilla.[note 1] Wahid had two sons. His daughter, Afsari Begum, married Syed Ahmadullah, son of Syed Azizullah.[1] He embarked on the Hajj pilgrimage in 1934.[2]
^Abdul Jabbar had relocated to Comilla after inheriting parts of the Bhauksarzamindari after his first marriage in 1870 to Syeda Ummatul Ela Afiyah Khatun, the granddaughter of Muhammad Ghazi Chowdhury of Bhauksar and Faizunnesa Choudhurani.[1]
^ abcAhmad, Syed Kamaluddin (30 June 2021), তরফের সৈয়দ বংশ ও লাকসাম নবাব পরিবার (in Bengali)
^ abcdMuhammad Mojlum Khan (21 October 2013). "Mawlana Abu Nasr Wahid". The Muslim Heritage of Bengal: The Lives, Thoughts and Achievements of Great Muslim Scholars, Writers and Reformers of Bangladesh and West Bengal. Kube Publishing.
^Matiur Rahman (1971). From Consultation to Confrontation: A Study of the Muslim League in British Indian Politics, 1906-12. Luzac Publishing. ISBN0718901487.
Al-Mamun, Muhammad Abdullah (2008). ব্রিটিশ আমলে বাংলার মুসলিম শিক্ষা সমস্যা ও প্রসার [Education problems and expansion for Muslims of Bengal during the British period] (in Bengali). Bangla Academy.
