ACTRAN (acronym of ACoustic TRANsmission, also known as the Acoustic NASTRAN) is a finite element-based computer aided engineering software modeling the acoustic behavior of mechanical systems and parts. Actran is being developed by Free Field Technologies, a Belgian software company founded in 1998 by Jean-Pierre Coyette and Jean-Louis Migeot. Free Field Technologies is a wholly owned subsidiary of the MSC Software Corporation since 2011.[1] Free Field Technologies and MSC Software are part of Hexagon AB since 2017.[2]
The development of Actran started in 1998 when Jean-Pierre Coyette, now professor of the Louvain School of Engineering – Université catholique de Louvain, and Jean-Louis Migeot, now professor at the Université Libre de Bruxelles and past president of the Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium - Académie royale des sciences, des lettres et des beaux-arts de Belgique, cofounded the Free Field Technologies SA software company.
The original idea was to develop a finite element-based simulation tool for vibro-acoustic applications able to overcome the limitations of the then dominant Boundary Element Method. The use of finite elements enabled the simulation of complex noise sources, the combination of multiple materials in the same model and the handling of multi-million degrees-of-freedom models. The initial target application was the prediction of the acoustic transmission through complex partitions (hence the name ACTRAN: ACoustic TRANsmission). A central feature of Actran was the use of Infinite Elements (IE) as an alternative to BEM for modelling non-reflecting boundary conditions and calculating the far field. Actran uses conjugated infinite elements, an extension of the wave envelope technique.[3][4][5][6][7][8]
Early developments were funded by an industrial consortium and the first commercial release was made broadly available in 2002, after the three-years exclusivity period given to the members of the consortium ended.[9]
Actran AeroAcoustics: module dedicated to the computational aeroacoustics; typical applications are HVAC ducts, centrifugal and axial fans, side window noise.[12]
Actran for Trimmed bodies: module dedicated to trimmed body analyses; typical applications are car cabins and aircraft fuselages;[13]
Actran SEA: module dedicated to SEA analyses; typical applications are transportation vehicles studies at mid- and high-frequencies;[14]
Actran TM: module dedicated to turbomachinery noise; typical applications are turbofan engine inlets;[15][16][17][18]
Actran DGM: module solving the Linearized Euler Equations. This module is a time domain explicit solver and the numerical scheme is the Discontinuous Galerkin Method (DGM); typical applications are turbofan engine by-pass exhaust ducts and turbine exhausts ducts.[19][20]
Actran VI: user interface common to all modules. It is used to pre-process Actran modules including generating and modifying acoustic meshes and to post-process the results.
Actran Student Edition: software limited release freely available to students.[21]
Actran is integrated with MSC Nastran for vibro-acoustic simulations. Either a MSC Nastran model is translated into an Actran input file, or structural modes are used as part of an Actran analysis. Structural modes can be computed also with other third party software.[22]
Actran is coupled with other MSC Software time domain solvers:
MSC Adams for moving mechanisms and impact noise studies;[23]
^Astley, R. J., Macaulay, G. J., & Coyette, J. P. (1994). Mapped wave envelope elements for acoustical radiation and scattering. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 170(1), 97-118.
^Astley, R. J., Macaulay, G. J., Coyette, J. P., & Cremers, L. (1998). Three-dimensional wave-envelope elements of variable order for acoustic radiation and scattering. Part I. Formulation in the frequency domain. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 103(1), 49-63.
^Astley, R. J., Coyette, J. P. (2001). The performance of spheroidal infinite elements. Int. J. Numer. Methods Engrg. 52 (12) 1379–1396.
^Astley, R. J., & Coyette, J. P. (2001). Conditioning of infinite element schemes for wave problems. Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering, 17(1), 31-41.
^Coyette, J. P., & Van den Nieuwenhof, B. (2000). A conjugated infinite element method for half-space acoustic problems. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 108(4), 1464-1473.
^Van den Nieuwenhof, B., & Coyette, J. P. (2001). Treatment of frequency-dependent admittance boundary conditions in transient acoustic finite/infinite-element models. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 110(4), 1743-1751.
^Caro, S., Ploumhans, P., Brotz, F., Schrumpf, M., Mendonca, F., & Read, A. (2005). Aeroacoustic simulation of the noise radiated by an Helmholtz resonator placed in a duct. AIAA paper, 3067.
^Cabrol, M., Detandt, Y., Hartmann, M., & Mutzke, A. (2012, June). A comparison between the effects of turbulent and acoustic wall pressure fluctuations inside a car. In 18th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustic Conference (pp. 2012-2202).
^d'Udekem, D., Saitoh, M., Van den Nieuwenhof, B., & Yamamoto, T. (2011). Numerical Prediction of the Exhaust Noise Transmission to the Interior of a Trimmed Vehicle by Using the Finite/Infinite Element Method (No. 2011-01-1710). SAE Technical Paper.
^Brandstetter, M., Dutrion, C., Antoniadis, P.D., Mordillat, P. & Van den Nieuwenhof, B. (2018). SEA Modelling and Transfer Path Analysis of an Extensive RENAULT B segment SUV Finite Element Model. Aachen Acoustics Colloquium 2018, Aachen, Germany.
^Lidoine, S., & Caruelle, B. (2005, July). Fan noise radiation from intake: Comparisons between FEM predictions and fan rig test measurements with flare. In 12th International Congress on Sound and Vibration.
^Achunche, I., Astley, J., Sugimoto, R., & Kempton, A. (2009). Prediction of forward fan noise propagation and radiation from intakes. AIAA paper, 3239, 2009.
^Schuster, B., Lieber, L., & Vavalle, A. (2010, June). Optimization of a seamless inlet liner using an empirically validated prediction method. In 16th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, Stockholm, Sweden.
^Marotta, T. R., Lieber, L. S., & Dougherty, R. P. Validation of Beamforming Analysis Methodology with Synthesized Acoustic Time History Data: Sub-Scale Fan Rig System.
^T. El-Dsoki, MSC Software, J. Beuse, X. Robin,『Synergy between multi-body dynamics and acoustic simulation – Application to gear noise of a wind turbine』DAGA 2015
