Riess was born in Washington, D.C., one of three children.[2][3] He grew up in Warren, New Jersey, where his father (Naval engineer Michael Riess) owned a frozen-foods distribution company, Bistro International, and his mother (Doris Riess) worked as a clinical psychologist.[4] Michael Riess (1931–2007) immigrated to the United States with his parents (journalist, war correspondent and author Curt Martin Riess and Ilse Posnansky)[5] from Germany on the ship SS Europa (1928) in 1936.[6] Riess is by birth Jewish.[7] Adam Riess has two sisters – Gail Saltz, a psychiatrist, and Holly Hagerman, an artist. Riess married Nancy Joy Schondorf in 1998.
Riess jointly led the study with Brian Schmidt in 1998 for the High-z Supernova Search Team which first reported evidence that the universe's expansion rate is now accelerating through monitoring of Type Ia supernovae. The team's observations were contrary to the current theory that the expansion of the universe was slowing down; instead, by monitoring the color shifts in the light from supernovae from Earth, they discovered that these billion-year old novae were still accelerating.[12] This result was also found nearly simultaneously by the Supernova Cosmology Project, led by Saul Perlmutter.[12] The corroborating evidence between the two competing studies led to the acceptance of the accelerating universe theory, and initiated new research to understand the nature of the universe, such as the existence of dark energy.[12] The discovery of the accelerating universe was named 'Breakthrough of the Year' by Science magazine in 1998,[13] and Riess was jointly awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics along with Schmidt and Perlmutter for their groundbreaking work.[12]
From 2002-2007 Riess led the Higher-Z SN Team which used the Hubble Space Telescope to find dozens of type Ia supernovae at z>1, first demonstrating that the expansion of the Universe was decelerating before it began accelerating and ruling out astrophysical contamination of SN Ia.[14]
Riess is also known for his efforts to measure the local value of the Hubble constant while leading the SH0ES Team since 2005 with measurements that approach 1% precision and which indicate a discrepancy with the model-based prediction from the CMB, a problem widely known in Cosmology as the Hubble Tension.[15][16]
Schmidt and all the members of the High-Z Team (as defined by the co-authors of Riess et al. 1998) shared the 2007 Gruber Cosmology Prize, a $500,000 award, with the Supernova Cosmology Project (the set defined by the co-authors of Perlmutter et al. 1999) for their discovery of the accelerating expansion of the universe. Riess was the winner of MacArthur "Genius" Grant in 2008. He was also elected in 2009 to the National Academy of Sciences.[19]
Along with Perlmutter and Schmidt, he was awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics for his contributions to the discovery of the acceleration of the expansion of the universe.[18]
In the book The 4 Percent Universe, scientific journalist Richard Panek claimed that Riess made improper use of the supernova data collected by the Calán/Tololo Survey, publishing them prior to the authors and without their permission.[23] However, a later account, benefiting from access to the contemporary email threads of the participants, contradicts this claim.[24] The claim is also doubtful in light of the
received dates and acknowledgements in the relevant publications.[25][26]
Riess has more than 87,000 citations in Google Scholar and an h-index of 99. His most cited work, "Observational evidence from supernovae for an accelerating universe and a cosmological constant," has been cited over 20,000 times.[28] Riess has been among the top 1% most cited in the world for subject field and year of publication in the Thomson Reuters Highly Cited Researchers reports for multiple years, including 2016 and 2020.[29][30]
Highly cited articles (more than 1900 citations)[edit]
1998 with V Filippenko, P Challis, A Clocchiatti, A Diercks, et al., Observational evidence from supernovae for an accelerating universe and a cosmological constant, in: The Astronomical Journal. Vol. 116, nº 3; 1009.
2009 with KN Abazajian, JK Adelman-McCarthy, MA Agüeros, SS Allam, CA Prieto, et al., The seventh data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, in: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. Vol. 182, nº 2; 543.
2004 with LG Strolger, J Tonry, S Casertano, HC Ferguson, B Mobasher, et al., Type Ia supernova discoveries at z> 1 from the Hubble Space Telescope: Evidence for past deceleration and constraints on dark energy evolution, in: The Astrophysical Journal. Vol. 607, nº 2; 665.
2007 with JK Adelman-McCarthy, MA Agüeros, SS Allam, KSJ Anderson, et al., The fifth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, in: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. Vol. 172, nº 2; 634.
2003 with JL Tonry, BP Schmidt, B Barris, P Candia, P Challis, A Clocchiatti, AL Coil, et al., Cosmological results from high-z supernovae, in: The Astrophysical Journal. Vol. 594, nº 1; 1.
2007 with LG Strolger, S Casertano, HC Ferguson, B Mobasher, B Gold, et al., New Hubble space telescope discoveries of type Ia supernovae at z≥ 1: narrowing constraints on the early behavior of dark energy, in: The Astrophysical Journal. Vol. 659, nº 1; 98.
1998 with BP Schmidt, NB Suntzeff, MM Phillips, RA Schommer, A Clocchiatti, et al., The high-Z supernova search: measuring cosmic deceleration and global curvature of the universe using type Ia supernovae, in: The Astrophysical Journal. Vol. 507, nº 1; 46.
^Hamuy, Mario; Phillips, M. M.; Maza, Jose; Suntzeff, Nicholas B.; Schommer, R. A.; Aviles, R. (1995). "A Hubble Diagram of Distant Type 1a Supernovae". The Astronomical Journal. 109: 1. Bibcode:1995AJ....109....1H. doi:10.1086/117251.
