Adi ibn Hatim al-Tai (Arabic: عدي بن حاتم الطائي, romanized: ʿAdī ibn Ḥātim al-Ṭāʾī) was a leader of the Arab tribe of Tayy, and one of the companions of Muhammad. He was the son of the poet Hatim al-Tai.[1] Adi remained antagonistic to Islam for about twenty years until he converted to Islam [2] in 630 (9th year of Hijri).[3]
Adiyy inherited the domain of his father and was confirmed in the position by the Tayy people. He received a quarter of any amount they stole in raiding expeditions.[citation needed]
Adi said that before being preached to by Muhammad he practiced Rakusiyya,[4] a syncretic sect which adhered to teachings of both Christianity and Judaism,[4] or a syncretic mixture of Christianity and Sabian religion.[5]
Clément Huart has theorized this sect was linked to Manichaeism due to its syncretic nature.[6] According to Khalid Basalamah, the sect was regarded as heretical by the official Eastern Orthodox Church of the Byzantine Empire, so Adi practiced it in secrecy, fearing persecution from his Byzantine overlord.[7]
After converting to Islam,[4] he joined the Islamic army at the time of caliph Abu Bakr. He was a commander of the Islamic army sent to invade Iraq under the command of Khalid ibn al-Walid.
^Hawramani, Ikram (1998). "الركوسية". Hawramani.com. Ikram Hawramani. Retrieved 20 December 2021. Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo, al-Mu'jam al-Wasīṭ (1998) mediator lexicon of a group of authors :(الركوسية) فرقة لَهَا دين وَمذهب بَين النَّصَارَى وَالصَّابِئِينَ وَفِي حَدِيث عدي بن حَاتِم أَنه أَتَى النَّبِي صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم فَقَالَ لَهُ (إِنَّك من أهل دين يُقَال لَهُم الركوسية)
^al-Basalamah, Khalid Abdullah Zeed. "Sirah Nabawiyyah". KhB Official. KhB Official. Archived from the original on 3 February 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
