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Sir Alexander Campbell
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| 6th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario | |
| In office June 1, 1887 – May 24, 1892 | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Governors General | The Marquess of Lansdowne The Lord Stanley of Preston |
| Premier | Oliver Mowat |
| Preceded by | John Beverley Robinson |
| Succeeded by | George Airey Kirkpatrick |
| Senator for Cataraqui, Ontario[1] | |
| In office October 23, 1867 – February 7, 1887 | |
| Member of the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada for Cataraqui | |
| In office 1858–1867 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1822-03-09)March 9, 1822 Hedon, Yorkshire, England |
| Died | May 24, 1892(1892-05-24) (aged 70) Toronto, Ontario |
| Resting place | Cataraqui Cemetery, Kingston, Ontario |
| Nationality | Canadian |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Cabinet | Postmaster General (1885–1887) Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada (1881–1885) Postmaster General (1880–1881) Minister of Militia and Defence (1880) Postmaster General (1879–1880) Receiver General (1878–1879) Minister of the Interior (1873) Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs (1873) Minister of Inland Revenue (Acting) (1868–1869) Postmaster General (1867–1873) Commissioner of Crown Lands (Province of Canada) (1864–1867) |
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Sir Alexander Campbell KCMG PC QC (March 9, 1822 – May 24, 1892) was an Upper Canadian statesman and a father of Canadian Confederation.[2][3]
Born in Hedon, Yorkshire, he was brought to Canada by his father, who was a doctor, when he was one year old. He was educated in FrenchatSt. HyacintheinQuebec and in the grammar school at Kingston, Ontario. Campbell studied law and was called to the bar in 1843. He became a partner in John A. Macdonald's law office.[4]
Campbell was a Freemason of St. John's Lodge, No. 3 (Ontario) of Kingston (now The Ancient St. John's No. 3). When the government was moved to Quebec in 1858, Campbell resigned.[5]
He was elected to the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada in 1858 and 1864, and served as the last Commissioner of Crown Lands 30 March 1864 – 30 June 1867. He attended the Charlottetown Conference and the Quebec City Conference in 1864, and at Confederation was appointed to the Senate of Canada. He later held a number of ministerial posts in the Cabinet of Prime Minister John A. Macdonald and was the sixth Lieutenant Governor of Ontario from 1887 to 1892.[6]
Historian Ged Martin discussed the reasons why Campbell never achieved first rank as a politician; he was lame and suffered from epileptic seizures, and his estranged wife was a certified lunatic (see Family section below).
In 1883, he built his home on Metcalfe Street, Ottawa, now known as "Campbell House".
He died in office in Toronto in 1892, and was buried at Cataraqui Cemetery in Kingston, Ontario.[7]
Campbell Crescent in Kingston, a street in the Portsmouth municipal district, is named in his honour.
In 1855, Campbell married Georgina Frederica Locke, daughter of Thomas Sandwith of Beverley, Yorkshire, and a niece of Humphrey Sandwith III (1792–1874) of Bridlington.[7] As Ged Martin has detailed in an article on Campbell's private life, the marriage was a failure and his estranged wife spent time in asylums as a certified lunatic. He left two sons (the eldest was Charles Sandwith Campbell) and three daughters.[8]
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| Preceded by | Lieutenant Governor of Ontario 1887–1892 |
Succeeded by |
| Parliament of Canada | ||
| Preceded by office created |
Leader of the Government in the Senate of Canada 1867–1873 |
Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Leader of the Opposition in the Senate of Canada 1873–1878 |
Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Leader of the Government in the Senate of Canada 1878–1887 |
Succeeded by |
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1The office of Postmaster General was abolished when the Post Office Department became a Crown Corporation known as the Canada Post Corporation on October 16, 1981. |
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| Secretaries of State for the Provinces (1867–73) |
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| Ministers of the Interior of Canada (1873–1936) |
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| Ministers of Militia and Defence (1867–1923) |
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| Ministers of National Defence (1923–) |
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| Associate Ministers of National Defence (1953–2013, 2015–) |
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| Ministers of the Naval Service (1910–22) |
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| World War II |
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| Ministers of Inland Revenue (1867–92) |
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| Controllers of Inland Revenue (1892–97) |
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| Ministers of Inland Revenue (1897–1918) |
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†The offices of Minister of Customs and Minister of Inland Revenue were amalgamated by Order in Council dated May 18, 1918. | |
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1The offices of Minister of Immigration and Colonization, Minister of the Interior, Minister of Mines and Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs were abolished and the office of Minister of Mines and Resources was created and came in force on December 1, 1936. |
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Government leaders listed in italics were not cabinet ministers. |
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| Post-Confederation (1867–present) |
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| Province of Canada (1841–67)* |
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| Upper Canada (1791–1841) |
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| British Province of Quebec (1759–91)* |
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* The Crown's representative from 1759 to 1791, and from 1841 to 1866 held the office and rank of Governor-General. | |
