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1 Forces  





2 Battle  





3 Consequences  





4 Gallery  





5 Footnotes  





6 Sources  





7 External links  














Battle of Gibraltar (1607)






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Coordinates: 36°0820N 5°2355W / 36.138887°N 5.398607°W / 36.138887; -5.398607
 

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 


Battle of Gibraltar
Part of the Eighty Years' War

Battle of GibraltarbyCornelis van Wieringen
Date25 April 1607 (1607-04-25)
Location
Result

Dutch victory

Belligerents
 Dutch Republic  Spain
Commanders and leaders
Jacob van Heemskerk  Juan Álvarez de Avilés 
Strength
26 warships
  • 10 galleons
    ± 12 smaller vessels
Casualties and losses
  • 100 killed
    60 wounded
  • 350–4,000 killed
    5–10 galleons
    9–12 smaller vessels

The naval Battle of Gibraltar took place on 25 April 1607, during the Eighty Years' War, when a Dutch fleet surprised and engaged a Spanish fleet anchored at the Bay of Gibraltar. During the four hours of action, most of the Spanish ships were destroyed.

Forces[edit]

A Dutch fleet of 26 warships was led by Admiral Jacob van Heemskerk. The Dutch flagship was Æolus (of the Zeeland Admiralty). Other Dutch ships were De Roode Leeuw (also of the Zeeland Admiralty, and flagship of Vice-Admiral Laurens Jacobszoon Alteras), De Tijger (of the Maas Admiralty, and flagship of Rear-Admiral Lambert Hendrikszoon), De Zeehond, De Griffioen, De Gouden Leeuw, De Zwarte Beer, De Witte Beer, and De Ochtendster.

A Spanish fleet of 21 ships, including 10 galleons, was led by Don Juan Álvarez de Avilés. The Spanish flagship San Augustin was commanded by Don Juan's son. Other ships were Nuestra Señora de la Vega and Madre de Dios. The Spanish fleet was covered by a fortress, although the Dutch fleet was out of range of its guns at all times and the fortress guns were not able to affect the battle.[1]

Battle[edit]

The battle

Van Heemskerk left some of his ships at the bay entrance to prevent the escape of any Spanish ships. Twenty from the Dutch fleet were ordered to focus on the Spanish galleons while the rest attacked the smaller vessels.[2] Van Heemskerk was killed during the first approach on the Spanish flagship as a cannonball severed his leg. The Dutch then doubled up on the galleons and a few of the galleons caught fire. One exploded due to a shot that penetrated its powder magazine. The Dutch captured the Spanish flagship but let it go adrift.

Following the destruction of the Spanish ships, the Dutch deployed boats and killed hundreds of swimming Spanish sailors. The Dutch lost 100 men including Admiral Van Heemskerk. Sixty Dutch were wounded. Depending on the sources, most or all of the Spanish ships were lost and between 350 and 4,000 Spaniards were killed or captured. Álvarez de Avilés was amongst the dead.

Consequences[edit]

The battle was a leading driver of the Twelve Years' Truce, under which the Dutch Republic achieved de facto recognition by the Spanish Crown.

The battle had an important indirect effect on the History of Ireland, specifically the key event known as "Flight of the Earls". Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone, and Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, left Ulster in Ireland with the intention of getting a Spanish army to invade Ireland on their behalf. The destruction of the Spanish fleet ruled out any such option, and the Earls found themselves in irrevocable exile – with major consequences for the later history of Ireland, and especially of Ulster.

Gallery[edit]

Footnotes[edit]

  1. ^ (in Spanish) Fernández Duro, p. 234.
  • ^ Vier eeuwen varen, p. 64.
  • Sources[edit]

    External links[edit]

    36°08′20N 5°23′55W / 36.138887°N 5.398607°W / 36.138887; -5.398607


    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Gibraltar_(1607)&oldid=1220713982"

    Categories: 
    1607 in Europe
    17th century in Gibraltar
    Conflicts in 1607
    Eighty Years' War (15661609)
    Military history of Gibraltar
    Maritime history of the Netherlands
    Naval battles involving the Dutch Republic
    Naval battles of the Eighty Years' War
    Hidden categories: 
    Articles with Spanish-language sources (es)
    Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas
    Articles with short description
    Short description is different from Wikidata
    Articles lacking in-text citations from April 2014
    All articles lacking in-text citations
    Use dmy dates from October 2023
    CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)
    CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)
    Commons category link from Wikidata
    Coordinates on Wikidata
     



    This page was last edited on 25 April 2024, at 13:33 (UTC).

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