| Billy Mitchell volcano | |
|---|---|
The dark-colored caldera lake of Billy Mitchell is at right, above an ash plume originating from Bagana.
| |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,544 m (5,066 ft) |
| Coordinates | 6°06′S 155°13′E / 6.100°S 155.217°E / -6.100; 155.217 |
| Geography | |
  Billy Mitchell volcano | |
| Parent range | Emperor Range |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Pyroclastic shield |
| Volcanic arc/belt | Bougainville & Solomon Is. |
| Last eruption | 1580 ± 20 years |
| Billy Mitchell | |
|---|---|
  Billy Mitchell
| |
| Location | Bougainville Island |
| Coordinates | 6°06′00″S 155°13′00″E / 6.1°S 155.21667°E / -6.1; 155.21667 (Billy Mitchel (crater lake)) |
| Type | crater lake |
| Basin countries | Papua New Guinea |
| Surface area | ~3 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi)[1] |
| Max. depth | ~90 metres (300 ft)[1] |
Billy Mitchell is a pyroclastic shield in the central part of the island of Bougainville, just north-east of the Bagana VolcanoinPapua New Guinea. It is a small pyroclastic shield truncated by a 2 km wide caldera filled by a crater lake.[2] It is named after Billy Mitchell, a 20th-century United States Army general who is regarded as the father of the United States Air Force.
The last two major eruptions were in 1580 AD ± 20 years and about 1030 AD. They were among the largest Holocene eruptions in Papua New Guinea. Both were explosive eruptions with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of at least 5. The 1580 AD ± 20 years eruption produced pyroclastic flows and probably formed its caldera.[3] The ignimbrite deposit from that eruption, which had a VEI of 6, extends 22 kilometres (14 mi) from the caldera to the coast, and its volume is around 10 cubic kilometres (2.4 cu mi).[1]
Billy Mitchell caldera lake is about 1,013 m above sea level, has total surface area 3 km2 (1.2 sq mi), and the maximum depth approximately 88.3 m. The only fish species in the lake is the eel Anguilla megastoma. [4] Billy Mitchell lake drains into the Tekan River.[5]
 | This Autonomous Region of Bougainville geography article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
