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Bowen ratio

The ratio was named by Harald Sverdrup after Ira Sprague Bowen (1898–1973), an astrophysicist whose theoretical work on evaporation to air from water bodies made first use of it, and it is used most commonly in meteorology and hydrology.

Formulation[edit]

The Bowen ratio is calculated by the equation:

${\displaystyle B={\frac {Q_{h}}{Q_{e}}}}$, where ${\displaystyle Q_{h}}$ is sensible heating and ${\displaystyle Q_{e}}$ is latent heating.

In this context, when the magnitude of ${\displaystyle B}$ is less than one, a greater proportion of the available energy at the surface is passed to the atmosphere as latent heat than as sensible heat, and the converse is true for values of ${\displaystyle B}$ greater than one. As ${\displaystyle {Q_{e}\rightarrow 0}}$, however, ${\displaystyle B}$ becomes unbounded making the Bowen ratio a poor choice of variable for use in formulae, especially for arid surfaces. For this reason the evaporative fraction is sometimes a more appropriate choice of variable representing the relative contributions of the turbulent energy fluxes to the surface energy budget.

The Bowen ratio is related to the evaporative fraction, ${\displaystyle EF}$, through the equation,

${\displaystyle {EF={\frac {Q_{e}}{Q_{e}+Q_{h}}}={\frac {1}{1+B}}}}$.

The Bowen ratio is an indicator of the type of surface. The Bowen ratio, ${\displaystyle {B}}$, is less than one over surfaces with abundant water supplies.

References[edit]

• Bowen, I.S. (1926). "The ratio of heat losses by conduction and by evaporation from any water surface" (PDF). Physical Review. 27 (6): 779–787. Bibcode:1926PhRv...27..779B. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.27.779.
• Lewis, J. M. (1995). "The Story behind the Bowen Ratio". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 76 (12): 2433–2443. Bibcode:1995BAMS...76.2433L. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1995)076<2433:TSBTBR>2.0.CO;2.
• Sturman, Andrew P.; Tapper, Nigel J. (1996). The Weather and Climate of Australia and New Zealand. Oxford University Press. pp. 309–310. ISBN 978-0195539233.

External links[edit]

• National Science Digital Library - Bowen Ratio

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