Anderson contributed as a freshman during the 2012 Razorbacks season.[3] Anderson played 47 games, mixed among second base, third base, and right field for the Hogs, hitting .283 with 2 home runs and 11 RBI. The Razorbacks reached the 2012 College World Series and ended the season ranked #3 nationally.
During Anderson's junior season at Arkansas, the 2014 Razorbacks finished 40–25 and were eliminated in the NCAA tournament Regionals. Anderson hit .328 and played third base and right field.[5]
In 2016, Anderson played for both Jupiter and the Jacksonville Suns of the Double–ASouthern League[8] where he compiled a combined .265 batting average with 11 home runs, 65 RBIs, and 21 doubles in 135 games between the two teams. He was named the Marlins Minor League Player of the Year.[9] He played in the Arizona Fall League after the season for the second consecutive year.[10][11]
On September 1, 2017, the Marlins promoted Anderson to MLB from New Orleans, and he made his MLB debut that day.[13]
In 2018, Anderson started the season with the Marlins at third base.[14] He hit his first career home run on April 2, 2018, off Boston Red Sox pitcher Brian Johnson at Marlins Park.[15] He led all Marlins players in games played (156), plate appearances (670) and runs scored (87).[16] His season earned him mention as a possible National League Rookie of the Year contender, ultimately won by Ronald Acuña Jr.[5]
In 2019, During his second full MLB season, Anderson set career highs in home runs (20), runs batted in (66) and OPS (.811).[12] He also performed well defensively, totaling nine outfield assists in only 55 appearances in right field. On August 23, he fractured his left fifth metacarpal in his left hand when he was hit by a pitch during the bottom of the third inning.[17] The injury did not require surgery, but ended his season prematurely.
On August 5, 2020, Anderson started at first base for the first time in his MLB career.[18] He led NL third basemen that year in errors, with nine.[19] On offense, Anderson slashed .255/.345/.465 with 11 home runs and 38 RBI in 200 at-bats.[20]
On June 14, 2021, Anderson was placed on the 60-day injured list with a left shoulder subluxation.[21] On September 10, Anderson underwent season-ending shoulder surgery.[22]
On March 22, 2022, Anderson signed a $4.475 million contract with the Marlins, avoiding salary arbitration.[23] Anderson appeared in 98 games for Miami in 2022, slashing .222/.311/.346 with 8 home runs and 28 RBI. On November 18, he was non-tendered and became a free agent.
On January 23, 2023, Anderson signed a one-year, $3.5 million contract with the Milwaukee Brewers.[24] In 96 games for Milwaukee, he hit .226/.310/.368 with 9 home runs and 40 RBI. On September 28, Anderson was designated for assignment following Garrett Mitchell's activation from the injured list.[25] On October 2, Anderson was released by the Brewers organization after clearing waivers.[26]
On February 23, 2024, Anderson signed a minor league contract with the Seattle Mariners.[27] He was released by the Mariners organization on March 24.[28] On March 28, Anderson re–signed with the Mariners on a new minor league contract.[29] In 42 games for the Triple–A Tacoma Rainiers, he batted .270/.358/.439 with six home runs and 28 RBI. Anderson triggered the opt–out clause in his contract and was released by the Mariners organization on June 1.[30]