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Canton (administrative division)

The term is derived from the French word canton, meaning "corner" or "district" (from which "cantonment" is also derived).^[3]

Cantons exist or previously existed in the following countries:

• Cantons of Belgium^[4]
• Cantonal Government of Bohol^[5]
• Cantons of Bolivia^[6]
• Cantons of Bosnia and Herzegovina: federal units of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina^[7]
• Canada: Canadian French equivalent for the English word "township", since the translation municipalité is already used for a different level of government (see township).
  • Cantons of Quebec^[8]
• Cantons of Costa Rica: national second order subdivision of the first order Provinces. Cantons are further subdivided into the third order Districts. Each canton has its own municipality, or local government.^[9]
• Cantons of Ecuador: subdivisions below the provinces of Ecuador.^[10]
• Cantons of El Salvador: divisions of a municipality outside the more urban caserios, which border the town or city. Cantones can be thought as the more rural parts of a city or town, generally far from the actual urban population.^[11]
• Cantons of France: a subdivision of arrondissements and départements, grouping several communes.^[12]
• Cantons of Lebanon: unofficial militias and factions during the Lebanese Civil War and afterwards. Most areas have been returned to Lebanese government control.^[13]
• Cantons of Luxembourg: first order administrative subdivisions
• Cantonal Government of Negros: short-lived provisional government in the Visayas during the Filipino-American Wars in the 19th–20th centuries Republic of Negros.^[5]
• Cantons of Rojava (Western Kurdistan, Syria)^[14]
• Cantons of Switzerland: each a semi-sovereign state within Switzerland.^[2]
• Cantons of Togo: Subdivisions of Togo's prefectures, and further divided into villages.^[15]
• subdivisions of vingtainesinJersey^[16]
• subdivisions of the parishes of Guernsey^[17]

• Cantons of Prussia: military enrollment districts between 1733 and 1813^[18]
• Cantons of Eastern Rumelia, the subdivisions below the departments.^{[clarification needed]}
• Cantons of the Soviet Union, subdivisions of several autonomous regions of the country before 1941.^[19]
• In the Republic of New Granada, cantons were subdivisions below the provinces.^[20]
• In 1873, "Cantonalists" took over the city of Cartagena, Spain, a haven for the Spanish Navy, and declared the city independent (see Cantonal Revolution).^[21]