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Cantonment

Acantonment (/kænˈtɒnmənt/, /kænˈtoʊnmənt/, or UK: /kænˈtuːnmənt/) is a military quarters.^[1]InBangladesh, India, Pakistan and other parts of South Asia, a cantonment refers to a permanent military station (a term from the colonial era).^[1]InUnited States military parlance, a cantonment is, essentially, "a permanent residential section (i.e. barrack) of a fort or other military installation," such as Fort Cavazos.

The word cantonment, derived from the French word canton, meaning cornerordistrict,^[2] refers to a temporary military or winter encampment. For example, at the start of the Waterloo campaign in 1815, while the Duke of Wellington's headquarters were in Brussels, most of his Anglo–allied army of 93,000 soldiers were cantoned, or stationed, to the south of Brussels.^[3]

The former Sherpur CantonmentinKabul, Afghanistan, which was the site of the Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment (1879) in the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–1880), is now maintained as a British Army cemetery.

In Bangladesh, cantonments are residential quarters for many military personnel as well as headquarters for different army units. A wide variety of military training is provided in Bangladesh cantonments:

Several cities in the Indian subcontinent, including Ahmedabad, Ambala, Bellary, Belgaum, Bangalore, Danapur, Jabalpur, Kanpur, Bathinda, Delhi, Meerut, Pune, Ramgarh, Secunderabad, and Trichy, contained large cantonments of the former British Indian Army, with Meerut and Ramgarh being two of the most important cantonments in Northern India, second only to the headquarters at Rawalpindi (now in Pakistan). Meerut was established in 1803, and for 150 years was the largest cantonment in the region. Although cantonments in India were considered to be semi-permanent in the 18th and 19th centuries, by the turn of the 20th century they had transitioned to being permanent garrisons. They were further entrenched as such, via the military reforms of Lord Kitchener in 1903, and the Cantonments Act of 1924.^[4][5]

There are sixty-one "notified cantonments" in India, occupying an area of 157,000 acres:^[6] twenty-five in Central Command, nineteen in Southern Command, thirteen in Western Command, four in Eastern Command, and one in Northern Command.^[7] Major cantonments and garrisons include the following:^[8]

^{[citation needed]}

Babina cantonments*Cantonments, Accra

Cantonments in Nigeria refer to permanent military installations which house active personnel and their families. Cantonments in Nigeria include:

• Airforce Cantonment, Ikeja, Lagos
• Armed forces resettlement centre, Oshodi, Lagos
• Army Ordnance Cantonment, (also known as Abalti Barracks), Yaba, Lagos
• Arn Cantonment, Yaba, Lagos
• Badagry Cantonment, Badagry, Lagos
• Dodan Cantonment, Ikoyi, Lagos
• Ikeja Cantonment, Ikeja, Lagos
• Marda Cantonment, Yaba, Lagos
• Navy Town, Ojo, Lagos
• Ojo Cantonment (also known as Palm Barracks), Ojo, Lagos,
• Bonny Camp, Victoria Island
• Jaji military cantonment, kaduna,
• Dalet cantonment, kaduna,
• Mogadishu cantonment,
• Abiyssinia cantonment,
• .Burma cantonment,
• Adshanti cantonment,
• Nigerian Defence Academy, Afaka, Kaduna

In Singapore, the term is used to denote a police cantonment.^[11]

• Thaba Tshwane

• Panagoda Cantonment

The United States military commonly uses the term "cantonment" to describe the permanent facilities at U.S. Army training bases as opposed to the field training areas. Cantonment areas often include housing (such as barracks and maid-service quarters), dining facilities, training classrooms, exchanges, and paved air fields.^[12]

• Kaserne

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Cantonment".

• Cantonment Boards in India