In medicine, a cathartic is a substance that accelerates defecation. This is similar to a laxative, which is a substance that eases defecation, usually by softening feces.[1] It is possible for a substance to be both a laxative and a cathartic. However, agents such as psyllium seed husks increase the bulk of the feces.[2][3]
Cathartics such as sorbitol, magnesium citrate, magnesium sulfate, or sodium sulfate were previously used as a form of gastrointestinal decontamination following poisoning via ingestion. They are no longer routinely recommended for poisonings.[4] High-dose cathartics may be an effective means of ridding the lower gastrointestinal tract of toxins; however, they carry a risk of electrolyte imbalances and dehydration.[5] Catharsis can be an effect of pesticide poisonings, such as with elemental sulfur.[6]
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| Stool softeners |
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| Stimulant laxatives |
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| Bulk-forming laxatives |
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| Lubricant laxatives |
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| Osmotic laxatives |
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| Enemas |
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| Opioid antagonists |
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| Others |
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