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F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
German grand duke (1818–1901)
Charles Alexander (Karl Alexander August Johann; 24 June 1818 – 5 January 1901) was the ruler of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach as its grand duke from 1853 until his death.
Charles Alexander (1818–1901), Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
Biography [ edit ]
Born in Weimar , Karl Alexander was the second but eldest surviving son of Karl Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia . His mother engaged as tutor for Karl the Swiss scholar Frédéric Soret who became a close acquaintance to Johann Wolfgang von Goethe .
When he was the Hereditary Grand Duke, Karl Alexander established a strong friendship with Fanny Lewald and Hans Christian Andersen , but this close relationship stopped in 1849 for the war against Denmark over the duchies of Schleswig-Holstein (the First Schleswig War ). On 8 July 1853 his father died, and Karl Alexander became Grand Duke; however, he postponed his constitutional accession until Goethe's birthday, on 28 August 1853.
The Danish author and poet Hans Christian Andersen was reportedly infatuated with Karl Alexander, writing
"I quite love the young duke, he is the first of all princes that I really find attractive ".[1] [2]
Karl Alexander renovated Wartburg Castle and left his traces in many places in Eisenach. He was the protector of Richard Wagner and Franz Liszt , retained the tradition of Weimar's classical period, and gave the old part of Weimar a new and better appearance with the establishment of the Herder monument and the double monument for Goethe and Schiller . In 1860, he founded the Grand-Ducal Saxon Art School in Weimar (with Arnold Böcklin , Franz von Lenbach , and the plastic artist Reinhold Begas ). As Grand Duke he was automatically rector , or president, of the University of Jena , where he supported especially the collections, among them prominently the Oriental Coin Cabinet .
In the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871), Karl Alexander participated only in "Samaritan "; he stressed, however, for his entrance into the war in favor of Schleswig in 1849. The Weimar Congress of the Goethe Federation (opposing the Lex Heinze ) occurred towards the end of his reign, in November 1900. That congress described his government as the Silver Age of Weimar .
In late December 1900, Karl Alexander reportedly fell ill with influenza .[3] [4] [5] Weimar on 5 January 1901.[6] [7] Wilhelm Ernst , his only son Carl August having predeceased him.
Family and children [ edit ]
Sophie van Oranje-Nassau with Charles Alexander
At Kneuterdijk Palace in The Hague , on 8 October 1842, Karl Alexander married his first cousin, Princess Sophie of the Netherlands , daughter of William II and Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia , sister of his mother. They had four children:
Karl August Wilhelm Nicolaus Alexander Michael Bernhard Heinrich Frederick Stefan, Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (b. Weimar, 31 July 1844 – d. Cap Martin, France, 20 November 1894).
Marie Anna Alexandrine Sophie Auguste Helene (b. Weimar, 20 January 1849 – d. Trebschen , 6 May 1922), known as Marie ; married on 6 February 1876 to Prince Heinrich VII Reuss of Köstritz .
Maria Anna Sophia Elisabeth Bernhardine Ida Auguste Helene (b. Weimar, 29 March 1851 – d. Weimar, 26 April 1859), known as Anna .
Elisabeth Sibylle Maria Dorothea Anna Amalie Luise (b. Weimar, 28 February 1854 – d. Wiligrad, 10 July 1908), known as Elisabeth ; married on 6 November 1886 to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg-Schwerin .
Honours and awards [ edit ]
He received the following awards:[8] [9]
German honours
Ernestine duchies : Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order , February 1842 [11]
Saxony Knight of the Rue Crown , 1841 [12]
Ascanian duchies : Grand Cross of Albert the Bear , 16 March 1852 [13]
Baden :
Bavaria Knight of St. Hubert , 1864 [15]
Brunswick : Grand Cross of Henry the Lion , 1859 [16]
Hesse and by Rhine : Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order , 5 August 1840 [17]
Hanover [18]
Mecklenburg : Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown, with Crown in Ore
Nassau : Knight of the Gold Lion of Nassau , September 1858 [19]
Oldenburg : Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig , with Golden Crown, 25 April 1844 [20]
Prussia :
Schaumburg-Lippe : Military Merit Medal, with Swords
Württemberg : Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown , 1851 [22]
Foreign honours
Belgium : Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold , 26 July 1853 [24]
Empire of Brazil : Grand Cross of the Southern Cross
Denmark : Knight of the Elephant , 1 July 1878 [25]
French Empire : Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour , 10 October 1860 [26]
Kingdom of Italy : Knight of the Annunciation, with Collar , 22 October 1885 [27]
Empire of Japan : Grand Cordon of the Order of the Chrysanthemum , 9 March 1882 [28]
Netherlands :
Kingdom of Portugal : Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword , 1854
Russian Empire :
Spain
Sweden-Norway :
Grand Duchy of Tuscany : Grand Cross of St. Joseph
Ancestry [ edit ]
Ancestors of Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
References [ edit ]
^ Booth, Michael (2005). Just As Well I'm Leaving: To the Orient With Hans Christian Andersen . London: Vintage. pp. Pos. 2226. ISBN 978-1-44648-579-8
^ "Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar Ill" . The New York Times 4 . Retrieved 16 October 2023 .
^ "Duke of Saxe-Weimar Ill" . The Evening Star 2 . Retrieved 16 October 2023 .
^ "Duke of Saxe-Weimar Sinking" . The Evening Star 1 . Retrieved 16 October 2023 .
^ "CHARLES ALEXANDER (GRAND DUKE OF SAXE-WEIMAR-EISENACH)" . Städel Museum . Retrieved 16 October 2023 .
^ "RULER OF SAXE-WEIMAR DEAD" . The New York Times 7 . Retrieved 16 October 2023 .
^ Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach
^ Justus Perthes, Almanach de Gotha (1901) page 84
^ Staatshandbuch für das ... Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach [permanent dead link
^ Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1847), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" p. 26
^ Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen: 1870
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt (1867)『Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären』p. 17
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1865),『Großherzogliche Orden』p. 54
^ Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Bayern: 1877
^ Braunschweigisches Adreßbuch für das Jahr 1896 . p. 3
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Hessen
^ Staat Hannover (1865). Hof- und Staatshandbuch für das Königreich Hannover: 1865 38 76
^ Staats- und Adreß-Handbuch des Herzogthums Nassau (1866), "Herzogliche Orden" p. 8
^ Staat Oldenburg (1873). Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg: für ... 1872/73
^ a b "Königlich Preussische Ordensliste" , Preussische Ordens-Liste (in German), 1 4 934 , 1886
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg
^ "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
^ H. Tarlier (1854). Almanach royal officiel, publié, exécution d'un arrête du roi (in French). Vol. 1. p. 37
^ Jørgen Pedersen (2009). Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009 ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2
^ M. & B. Wattel (2009). Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur de 1805 à nos jours. Titulaires français et étrangers . Paris: Archives & Culture. p. 523. ISBN 978-2-35077-135-9
^ Italia : Ministero dell'interno (1898). Calendario generale del Regno d'Italia 54
^ 刑部芳則 (2017). 明治時代の勲章外交儀礼 (PDF) (in Japanese). 明治聖徳記念学会紀要. p. 143.
^ "Real y distinguida orden de Carlos III" , Guía Oficial de España (in Spanish), 1887, p. 158, retrieved 21 March 2019
^ "Caballeros de la insigne orden del toisón de oro" , Guía Oficial de España (in Spanish), 1887, p. 146, retrieved 21 March 2019
^ Sveriges statskalender , retrieved 2018-01-06 – via runeberg.org
^ "Norges Statskalender" (in Swedish). 1890. pp. 595–596. Retrieved 2018-01-06 – via runeberg.org.
External links [ edit ]
t
e
The generations are numbered from the ascension of Karl August as Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach in 1809 and later Grand Duke in 1815.
1st generation
2nd generation
3rd generation
4th generation
5th generation
6th generation
1 lost his title due to an unequal marriage
International
National
Artists
People
Other
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_Alexander,_Grand_Duke_of_Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach&oldid=1226164482 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● 1 8 1 8 b i r t h s ● 1 9 0 1 d e a t h s ● P e o p l e f r o m S a x e - W e i m a r - E i s e n a c h ● P r i n c e s o f S a x e - W e i m a r - E i s e n a c h ● H e r e d i t a r y G r a n d D u k e s o f S a x e - W e i m a r - E i s e n a c h ● N o b i l i t y f r o m W e i m a r ● G r a n d D u k e s o f S a x e - W e i m a r - E i s e n a c h ● H a n s C h r i s t i a n A n d e r s e n ● G r a n d C r o s s e s o f t h e O r d e r o f S a i n t S t e p h e n o f H u n g a r y ● K n i g h t s o f t h e G o l d e n F l e e c e o f S p a i n H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● W e b a r c h i v e t e m p l a t e w a y b a c k l i n k s ● A l l a r t i c l e s w i t h d e a d e x t e r n a l l i n k s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h d e a d e x t e r n a l l i n k s f r o m N o v e m b e r 2 0 2 3 ● A r t i c l e s w i t h p e r m a n e n t l y d e a d e x t e r n a l l i n k s ● C S 1 G e r m a n - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( de ) ● C S 1 F r e n c h - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( fr ) ● C S 1 D a n i s h - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( da ) ● C S 1 J a p a n e s e - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( ja ) ● C S 1 S p a n i s h - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( es ) ● C S 1 S w e d i s h - l a n g u a g e s o u r c e s ( sv ) ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a ● A r t i c l e s n e e d i n g a d d i t i o n a l r e f e r e n c e s f r o m M a r c h 2 0 1 7 ● A l l a r t i c l e s n e e d i n g a d d i t i o n a l r e f e r e n c e s ● B i o g r a p h y a r t i c l e s n e e d i n g t r a n s l a t i o n f r o m G e r m a n W i k i p e d i a ● A r t i c l e s c o n t a i n i n g G e r m a n - l a n g u a g e t e x t ● C o m m o n s c a t e g o r y l i n k f r o m W i k i d a t a ● A r t i c l e s w i t h F A S T i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h I S N I i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h V I A F i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h W o r l d C a t E n t i t i e s i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h B N F i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h B N F d a t a i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h G N D i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h J 9 U i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h L C C N i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h L i b r i s i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h N K C i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h N T A i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h V c B A i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h M u s i c B r a i n z i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h R K D a r t i s t s i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h D T B I O i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h R I S M i d e n t i f i e r s ● A r t i c l e s w i t h S U D O C i d e n t i f i e r s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 2 8 M a y 2 0 2 4 , a t 2 3 : 0 2 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the White Falcon, 7 July 1818;[10] Grand Master, 8 July 1853
Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order, February 1842[11]
Saxony: Knight of the Rue Crown, 1841[12]
Ascanian duchies: Grand Cross of Albert the Bear, 16 March 1852[13]
Baden:
Bavaria: Knight of St. Hubert, 1864[15]
Brunswick: Grand Cross of Henry the Lion, 1859[16]
Hesse and by Rhine: Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order, 5 August 1840[17]
Hanover:[18]
Mecklenburg: Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown, with Crown in Ore
Nassau: Knight of the Gold Lion of Nassau, September 1858[19]
Oldenburg: Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig, with Golden Crown, 25 April 1844[20]
Prussia:
Schaumburg-Lippe: Military Merit Medal, with Swords
Württemberg: Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown, 1851[22]
Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold, 26 July 1853[24]
Empire of Brazil: Grand Cross of the Southern Cross
Denmark: Knight of the Elephant, 1 July 1878[25]
French Empire: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, 10 October 1860[26]
Kingdom of Italy: Knight of the Annunciation, with Collar, 22 October 1885[27]
Empire of Japan: Grand Cordon of the Order of the Chrysanthemum, 9 March 1882[28]
Netherlands:
Kingdom of Portugal: Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword, 1854
Russian Empire:
Spain:
Sweden-Norway:
Grand Duchy of Tuscany: Grand Cross of St. Joseph
