Cyclops strenuus (Fisher) is a common species of copepod in small water bodies in central Europe.[2]
The life-cycle of C. strenuus varies depending on habitat type and climate. In some habitat year round reproduction occurs. While in others one or two distinct generations exist with summer diapause.[3][4] During diapause copepodid IV resting stages are produced that are largely inactive. These resting stages can survive in mud, to survive dry summer periods. During autumn, with a change in environmental conditions, resting stages become more active again and develop further into adult copepods.[3]
Cyclops strenuus occurs in temperate habitats. Normal activity occurs between 3 and 21 °C and temperatures above 26 °C are actively avoided.[5]
It is also a common intermediate host of cestode parasites, such as Schistocephalus solidus. When infected with this parasite reproduction of female C. strenuus is significantly reduced [6]
^Maier, Gerhard (1990). "The effect of temperature on the development, reproduction, and longevity of 2 common cyclopoid copepods - Eucyclops serrulatus (Fischer) and Cyclops strenuus (Fischer)". Hydrobiologia. 203 (3): 165–175. doi:10.1007/BF00005685.
^ abElgmork, Kaare (1955). "A Resting Stage without Encystment in the Animal Cycle of the Freshwater Copepod Cyclops Strenuus Strenuus". Ecology. 36 (4): 739–743. doi:10.2307/1931310.
^Frisch, Dagmar (2001). "Life cycles of the two freshwater copepods Cyclops strenuus Fischer and Cyclops insignis Claus (Cyclopoida, Copepoda) in an amphibious floodplain habitat". Hydrobiologia. 453/454: 285–293. doi:10.1023/A:1013109226765.
^Verbitsky, V. B.; Grishanin, A. K.; Malysheva, O. A.; Medyantseva, E. N.; Verbitskaya, T. I. (2017). "Thermal resistance, preferred and avoidance temperatures of Cyclops strenuus Fischer, 1851, and their relation to optimal, pessimal, and tolerant temperatures". Biology Bulletin. 44 (4): 439–448. doi:10.1134/S1062359017030104.
^Pasternak, A. F.; Huntingford, F. A.; Crompton, D. W. T. (2009). "Changes in metabolism and behaviour of the freshwater copepod Cyclops strenuus abyssorum infected with Diphyllobothrium spp". Parasitology. 110 (4): 395–399. doi:10.1017/S0031182000064738.
