Devere Allen as he appeared in March 1937, at the time of the national convention of the Socialist Party of America.
Devere Allen (1891–1955) was an American socialist and pacifist political activist and journalist. Allen is best remembered as the main editor of The World Tomorrow following the departure of Norman Thomas from the magazine in 1922. Allen was the author of more than 20 books and pamphlets and was active in the leadership of a number of political organizations, including the League for Independent Political Action (1928–1932) and the Socialist Party of America.
In 1918 Allen became involved in a left wing youth organization in New York City called Young Democracy. He served as Executive Secretary of that organization from 1918 until 1919 and edited the group's monthly periodical, the eponymous Young Democracy, from 1919 through 1921.[1]
The Fellowship of Reconciliation published an official monthly magazine in New York City, The World Tomorrow, which founding editor Rev. Norman Thomas had soon made into a leading voice of ethical socialism in the United States.[2] In 1922 Thomas left the magazine and Allen took over his seat in the editor's chair.[2] He would remain the editor of the publication until its termination in 1934.[2]
Following the shuttering of The World Tomorrow, Allen moved over to The Nation, where he was made an associate editor.[2]
In 1933 Allen and his wife established the No-Frontier News Service, an agency which provided socialist and anti-militarist content to left wing newspapers and magazines.[2] This service was continued forward as World-Over Press, which provided international news reportage and commentary to mainstream periodicals around the world.[2] At the time of Allen's death World-Over Press counted more than 700 subscribers in its ranks.[3]
A prolific author, Allen published his best known book, A Fight for Peace, in 1930. In it, Allen surveyed the history of the American peace movement and advocated three types of non-violent action by which pacifists could effectively fight oppression without violence: non-cooperation with aggressors, non-violent "attack" to pursue social objectives, and mass non-violent direct action to prevent war.[3]
Electoral politics also attracted Allen's attention. In 1932 he was the candidate of the Socialist Party for United States Senate from his home state of Connecticut.[2] Allen headed the state Socialist ticket in 1936 as the party's candidate for Governor of Connecticut.[2] A final political run came in 1954, when Allen again stood as the Socialist candidate for U.S. Senator from Connecticut.[2]
During the heated factional politics which swept the Socialist Party during the decade of the 1930s, Allen emerged as a close factional ally of Norman Thomas and active member of the Militant faction.[2] Allen was the primary author of the 1934 Declaration of Principles,[3] a fundamental document of Socialist Party history which later proved to be the fulcrum for a split of the rival Old Guard faction to form a rival organization called the Social Democratic Federation. In 1936 Allen attempted to unseat the Mayor of BridgeportJasper McLevy, an Old Guard stalwart, as head of the Socialist Party of Connecticut — an effort which failed.[2]
Following the expulsion of a Trotskyist left wing from the Socialist Party in 1937, Allen was made a member of the governing National Executive Committee of the Socialist Party.[4] Allen was returned to that position by the 1938 National Convention of the SPA, serving a two-year term.[4]
During World War II Allen remained consistent to his pacifist ideals, opposing American entry into the war as a morally indefensible means of defeating fascism.[2]
Allen later taught in Williamstown, Massachusetts, at the Williamstown Institute of Politics and the Wellesley Summer Institute for Social Progress.[2]
Devere Allen died on August 27, 1955, in Westerly, Rhode Island.
Allen's papers comprise part of the Peace Collection at Swarthmore College, located in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania.[5] The substantial holding, totaling some 80 linear feet of material, was donated to the school in 1961 and is available to be freely used by interested scholars.[5]
^ abcdSolon Deleon with Irma C. Hayssen and Grace Poole (eds.), The American Labor Who's Who. New York: Hanford Press, 1925; pg. 3.
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrsBernard K. Johnpoll, "Devere Allen (1891-1955)," in Johnpoll and Harvey Klehr, Biographical Dictionary of the American Left. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1986; pp. 2–3.
^ abcBrad Bennett, "Devere Allen (1891-1955)," in Roger S. Powers, et al. (eds.), Protest, Power, and Change: An Encyclopedia of Nonviolent Action from ACT-UP to Women's Suffrage. London: Routledge, 1997; pp. ??.
