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F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
Middleware physics engine
Digital Molecular Matter (DMM ) is a proprietary middleware physics engine developed by Pixelux for generating realistic destruction and deformation effects. The offline version can support high-resolution simulations for use in film special effects.
The real-time version is designed for video games , and other simulation needs by attempting to simulate physical real-world systems. Unlike traditional real-time simulation engines, which tend to be based on rigid body kinematics , the use of finite element analysis (FEA) allows DMM to simulate a large set of physical properties. Developers can assign physical properties to a given object or portion of an object, which allow the object to behave as it would in the real world (ice, gummy bear, etc.). In addition, the properties of objects or parts of objects can be changed at runtime, allowing for additional interesting effects.
DMM can be authored or used in Maya or 3ds Max to create simulation-based visual effects.
Academy Award [ edit ]
In 2015 three of the key architects behind DMM, James F. O'Brien , Eric Parker, and Ben Cole, were recognized for their work on DMM with an Academy Award .[1]
To Ben Cole for the design of the Kali Destruction System, to Eric Parker for the development of the Digital Molecular Matter toolkit, and to James O’Brien for his influential research on the finite element methods that served as a foundation for these tools.
The combined innovations in Kali and DMM provide artists with an intuitive, art-directable system for the creation of scalable and realistic fracture and deformation simulations. These tools established finite element methods as a new reference point for believable on-screen destruction.
Platform availability [ edit ]
DMM is available and optimized for Microsoft 's Windows , Xbox 360 , Sony 's PlayStation 3 , Apple 's Mac OS X , and Linux .
Function [ edit ]
DMM is a physical simulation system which models the material properties of objects allowing them to break and bend in accordance to the stress placed on them. Structures modeled with DMM can break and bend if they are not physically viable. Objects made of glass, steel, stone and jelly are all possible to create and simulate in real-time with DMM. The system accomplishes this by running a finite element simulation that computes how the materials would actually behave.
DMM has been used in LucasArts 's Star Wars: The Force Unleashed Star Wars: The Force Unleashed II [2]
Plugins for Autodesk Media & Entertainment's 3ds Max and Maya animation software are also available. The plugin is built into Maya 2012.[3]
DMM has been integrated with Gamebryo , Trinigy Vision Engine , Irrlicht , OGRE and other game engines.
MPC Moving Picture Company has integrated DMM into their internal software pipeline known as Kali.[4]
Movies Using DMM [ edit ]
Several movies have made use of DMM for generating offline special effects. These include:
Avatar Weta Digital [5]
Sucker Punch MPC [6] [7] [8]
Source Code MPC [9]
X-Men: First Class MPC [10] [9]
Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows MPC [11]
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 MPC [12]
Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol [13] [14]
Wrath of the Titans MPC [15]
Mirror Mirror Prime Focus – The Queen's Cottage destruction segment [citation needed
Prometheus MPC [16] [17]
Abraham Lincoln, Vampire Hunter [18]
Astérix & Obélix: Au service de Sa Majesté
Skyfall MPC [19]
The Campaign
Man of Steel MPC [20]
Jack the Giant Slayer MPC [21]
After Earth
Olympus has Fallen
A Good Day to Die Hard [22]
Warm Bodies [23]
The Secret Life of Walter Mitty MPC – multiple scenes including Street Fight Scene
300: Rise of an Empire MPC – Various Destruction sequences including the arrow shot
The Lone Ranger MPC [24]
Thousandth Street
Godzilla MPC [25]
Seventh Son MPC
X-Men: Days of Future Past MPC
47 Ronin MPC
Pompeii
Maleficent MPC
The Amazing Spider-Man 2 [26]
Guardians of the Galaxy MPC
Edge of Tomorrow [27] MPC
Dark Shadows MPC [28]
Life of Pi MPC
Into the Storm MPC
Fast & Furious 6 MPC
World War Z MPC
Television Shows, Shorts, and Commercials using DMM [ edit ]
Development [ edit ]
The DMM tools and middleware were developed for film and game effects by Pixelux Entertainment over a 6.5 year period starting in 2004. From 2005 through 2008, Pixelux's real-time version of DMM technology was exclusive to LucasArts Entertainment[31] Star Wars: The Force Unleashed [32] FEM system in DMM utilized an algorithm for fracture and deformation developed by University of California, Berkeley professor, James F. O'Brien , as part of his Ph.D. thesis.[33] [34]
An ARM version of DMM was incorporated by Pixelux into their DMM Touch iPhone/iPad product.[35]
A version of the DMM Plug-In is included by Autodesk in their release of Maya 2012. The DMM Plug-In runs on all versions of Maya on all platforms in both 32 and 64-bit mode.[36]
Technical Citations [ edit ]
The following technical papers describe the algorithms that DMM is based on and some of the technical details of its implementation:
Eric G. Parker and James F. O'Brien. "Real-Time Deformation and Fracture in a Game Environment". In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation, pages 156–166, August 2009. Author hosted copy of paper Archived 2021-08-28 at the Wayback Machine Paper in ACM Digital Library
James F. O'Brien, Adam W. Bargteil, and Jessica K. Hodgins . "Graphical Modeling and Animation of Ductile Fracture". In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2002, pages 291–294. ACM Press, August 2002. Author hosted copy of paper Archived 2021-04-12 at the Wayback Machine Paper in ACM Digital Library
James F. O'Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins. 2000. Animating fracture. Commun. ACM 43, 7 (July 2000), 68-75. Author hosted copy of paper Archived 2022-01-22 at the Wayback Machine Paper in ACM Digital Library
James F. O'Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins. "Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture". In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 1999, pages 137–146. ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., August 1999. Author hosted copy of paper Archived 2021-12-04 at the Wayback Machine Paper in ACM Digital Library
Technology partners and usage by companies [ edit ]
Notable companies using the technology include:
References [ edit ]
^ "Autodesk Maya 2012 Announced. What's New? « 3D Graphics: Autodesk Maya •" . 3dg.me .
^ "Talks | SIGGRAPH 2011" . Archived from the original on 2011-06-02. Retrieved 2011-06-30 .
^ "Prof. James F. O'Brien Miscellaneous Stuff" . people.eecs.berkeley.edu . Retrieved 25 July 2021 .
^ a b "- YouTube" . YouTube
^ Cinefex Magazine , issue 125, http://www.cinefex.com/backissues/issue125.html Archived 2012-02-20 at the Wayback Machine
^ "Stitching Together Sucker Punch" . 2011-03-28. Archived from the original on 2011-04-04.
^ a b Cinefex Magazine , issue 126, http://www.cinefex.com/backissues/issue126.html Archived 2012-02-20 at the Wayback Machine
^ "X-Men: First Class VFX Breakdown" . YouTube
^ "SHERLOCK HOLMES: A GAME OF SHADOWS - Seth Maury - VFX Supervisor - MPC" . 31 January 2012.
^ Cinefex Magazine , issue 127, http://www.cinefex.com/backissues/issue127.html Archived 2012-03-07 at the Wayback Machine
^ "MISSION IMPOSSIBLE GHOST PROTOCOL: Dave Morley - VFX Supervisor - Fuel VFX" . 13 February 2012.
^ Cinefex Magazine , issue 129, http://www.cinefex.com/backissues/issue129.html Archived 2012-03-25 at the Wayback Machine
^ "WRATH OF THE TITANS: Gary Brozenich - VFX Supervisor - MPC" . 19 April 2012.
^ "Prometheus: Rebuilding hallowed VFX space" . Fxguide . 13 June 2012.
^ Cinefex Magazine , issue 130, page 60, http://www.cinefex.com/backissues/issue130.html Archived 2012-06-23 at the Wayback Machine
^ "lacluna — Abraham Lincoln Vampire Hunter - Bridge destruction sequence" . lacluna.cgsociety.org .
^ "Bond's boldest adventure yet: Skyfall - fxguide" . November 21, 2012.
^ "Man of Steel VFX milestones" . 24 June 2013.
^ "No small feat: making Jack the Giant Slayer - fxguide" . March 8, 2013.
^ "Inside Die Hard - the 4 biggest effects shots - fxguide" . February 19, 2013.
^ Frei, Vincent (April 1, 2013). "WARM BODIES: Dan Schrecker - VFX Supervisor - Look Effects" . The Art of VFX .
^ "VFX adventures: The Lone Ranger" . 26 July 2013.
^ " . The Hollywood Reporter
^ "An appetite for destruction – leading VFX studios share their techniques for creating epic destruction" 3D World, Issue 184. Online Summary
^ "Live. Die. Repeat the effects - fxguide" . June 10, 2014.
^ "DARK SHADOWS: Arundi Asregadoo - VFX Supervisor - MPC" . The Art of VFX . 29 May 2012.
^ "Enel | Stone" . 27 February 2012.
^ "Enel | Hammer" . 27 February 2012.
^ "Force To Be Reckoned With" . 2009-09-01.
^ "The Game Has Changed" . 2008-03-01.
^ "Graphical Modeling and Animation of Fracture" (PDF) . 2000-07-01.
^ "Real-Time Deformation and Fracture in a Game Environment" . 2009-08-01.
^ "DMM Touch on iTunes" . 2011-01-17.
^ "Autodesk Maya 2012 Software: New Ways to Explore, Refine and Present Creative Concepts" . 2011-03-01. Archived from the original on 2011-04-12.
^ "Media & Entertainment Solutions » » Digital Molecular Matter Plug-In" . Archived from the original on 2010-09-05. Retrieved 2010-05-29 .
^ "Press release" . AMD . Archived from the original on 2011-09-03. Retrieved 2017-08-26 .
^ "NVIDIA Partner Program" .
^ "Games | Lucasfilm Ltd" . Lucasfilm .
^ "Pixelux Entertainment" . Archived from the original on 2012-03-22. Retrieved 2011-04-05 .
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a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
