The dinar (/dɪˈnɑːr/) is the name of the principal currency unit in several countries near the Mediterranean Sea, with a more widespread historical use. The English word "dinar" is the transliteration of the Arabic دينار (dīnār), which was borrowed via the Syriac dīnarā, itself from the Latin dēnārius.[1][2]
The modern gold dinar is a projected bullion gold coin, and as of 2019[update] is not issued as an official currency by any state.
The modern dinar's historical antecedents are the gold dinar and the silver dirham, the main coin of the medieval Islamic empires, first issued in AH 77 (696–697 AD) (Late Antiquity) by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. The word "dinar" derives from the Latin word "dēnārius," a silver coin of ancient Rome, which was first minted about c. 211 BC.
The Kushan Empire introduced a gold coin known as the dīnāra in India in the 1st century AD; the Gupta Empire and its successors up to the 6th century adopted the coin.[3][4]
The 8th century English king Offa of Mercia minted copies of Abbasid dinars struck in 774 by Caliph Al-Mansur with "Offa Rex" centred on the reverse.[5][6] The moneyer likely had no understanding of Arabic as the Arabic text contains many errors. Such coins may have been produced for trade with Islamic Spain. These coins are called a Mancus, which is also derived from the Arabic language.[7]
Countries currently using a currency called "dinar" or similar:
| Countries | Currency | ISO 4217 code |
|---|---|---|
 Algeria
|
Algerian dinar | DZD |
 Bahrain
|
Bahraini dinar | BHD |
 Iraq
|
Iraqi dinar | IQD |
 Jordan
|
Jordanian dinar | JOD |
 Kuwait
|
Kuwaiti dinar | KWD |
 Libya
|
Libyan dinar | LYD |
 North Macedonia
|
Macedonian denar | MKN (1992–1993) MKD (1993−present) |
 Serbia
|
Serbian dinar | RSD CSD (2003–2006) |
 Tunisia
|
Tunisian dinar | TND |
Countries and regions which have previously used a currency called "dinar" in the 20th century:
| Countries | Currency | ISO 4217 code | Used | Replaced by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Abu Dhabi |
Bahraini dinar | BHD | 1966–1973 | United Arab Emirates Dirham |
 Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar | BAD | 1992–1998 | Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark |
 Croatia |
Croatian dinar | HRD | 1991–1994 | Croatian kuna |
 Iran |
Iranian rial was divided into at first 1250 and then 100 dinars | |||
 South Yemen |
South Yemeni dinar | YDD | 1965–1990 | Yemeni rial |
 Yemen
|
1990–1996 | |||
 Sudan |
Sudanese dinar | SDD | 1992–2007 | Sudanese pound |
 Kingdom of Yugoslavia SFR Yugoslavia FR Yugoslavia
|
Yugoslav dinar | YUF (1945–1965) YUD (1965–1989) YUN (1990–1992) YUR (1992–1993) YUO (1993) YUG (1994) YUM (1994–2003) |
1918–2003 | Serbian dinar |
|
Currencies named dinar or similar
| |
|---|---|
| Circulating |
|
| Defunct |
|
| As subunit |
|
| See also |
|
|
| |
|---|---|
| Concepts |
|
| Currency |
|
| Scholars |
|
| Other |
|
| Works |
|
The bloc known as the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) are nations which officially recognize Islam politically. | |
