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Contents

   



(Top)
 


1 Phonology  



1.1  Consonants  





1.2  Vowels  







2 Grammar  



2.1  Pronouns and person markers  







3 References  



3.1  Citations  





3.2  Works cited  







4 External links  














Djeoromitxí language






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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 


Djeoromitxi
Jabuti
Native toBrazil
RegionRondônia, at the headwaters of the Rio Branco
Ethnicity170 (2012)[1]

Native speakers

40 (2007)[1]

Language family

Macro-Gê

Language codes
ISO 639-3jbt
Glottologdjeo1235
ELP
  • 3267
  • Jabutí
  • DjeoromitxiorJabutí (Yabuti) is an endangered Yabutian language that is spoken by only about fifty people (though including some children) in Rondônia, Brazil, at the headwaters of the Rio Branco.

    Phonology

    [edit]

    There is no tonal system in Djeoromitxí and accent is not contrastive. Morphophonological processes are rare.

    Syllable structure follows a (C)V pattern.[2]

    Consonants

    [edit]

    The table below shows the consonant phonemes of Djeoromitxí according to Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010).[3]

    Although Pires (1992) counts /b/ /d/ as distinct phonemes, Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010) count them as allophones of /m/ /n/ before oral vowels.[4]

    Consonants
    Labial Alveolar Velar Glottal
    Nasal m n
    Plosive p t k
    Affricate voiceless ps
    voiced bz
    Fricative h
    Approximant w
    Trill/Tap r

    According to Pires (1992), [ɸ] is an allophone of /p/ before high and medium round vowels, and [ɲ] is an allophone of /n/ following the high nasal vowel /ĩ/.

    While /ps/ and /bz/ only occur before /i/, they are contrastive with the other bilabial obstruents.[5]

    According to Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010), /k/ is backed to [q] before [ʉ] and often aspirated before /ə/ and /u/. They state that /p/ is realized as [ɸ] or [pɸ] before back vowels and [ʉ].

    When preceded by a personal prefix, or when starting the second element of a compound, /h/ becomes /r/. With some roots, /h/ can become /n/ in a similar manner.[6]

    Vowels

    [edit]

    The tables below show the vowel phonemes of Djeoromitxí according to Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010).[3]

    The accounts of Pires (1992) and Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010) basically agree on the vowel phonemes.

    Oral Vowels
    Front Central Back
    Close i ʉ u
    Close-mid ə
    Open-mid ɛ ɔ
    Open a
    Nasal Vowels
    Front Central Back
    Close ĩ
    Open-mid ɛ̃ ɔ̃
    Open ã

    According to Pires (1992), [ũ] is an allophone of /õ/ in free variation with [õ] after /h/.[7]

    Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010) state that /ʉ/ is often realized as [ø].[3]

    Grammar

    [edit]

    Djeoromitxí has nouns, verbs, adverbs and particles, with adjectives treated as intransitive verbs. Its syntax is noun-modifier and SOVorOVS in order.[8]

    The following examples demonstrate noun-modifier and SOV word order.

    (1)[9]

    paku

    woman

    nõtʃi

    old

    Ø-

    3-

    hukʉkʉ

    leave

    paku nõtʃi Ø- hukʉkʉ

    woman old 3- leave

    'The old woman left'

    (2)[10]

    adʒɛ

    you

    na

    3

    ri

    DAT

    kuka

    fruit

    õ

    give

    adʒɛ na ri kuka õ

    you 3 DAT fruit give

    'You give the fruit to him'

    Pronouns and person markers

    [edit]

    The following table shows Djeoromitxí pronominal forms.[8]

    Pronoun Possessive/Preposition Intransitive subject Transitive subject Transitive object
    1st person singular
    2nd person adʒɛ a- a- adʒɛ a-/adʒɛ
    3rd person na i-/N i-/na/N na/N i-/N
    1st person plural hirʉ hi- hi- hirʉ hi-
    Impersonal hi- i-/ɛ-

    The use of the forms is illustrated in the following examples:[11]

    (3)

    I

    hamə

    tired

    hʉ hamə

    I tired

    'I'm tired'

    (4)

    adʒɛ

    you

    a-

    2-

    ramə

    tired

    adʒɛ a- ramə

    you 2- tired

    'You're tired'

    (5)

    nikʉ

    field

    nikʉ

    field

    'my planted field (with maize)'

    (6)

    i-

    3-

    rawa

    flower

    i- rawa

    3- flower

    '(its) flower'

    (7)

    I

    a-

    2-

    tʉmi

    beat

    adʒɛ

    you

    hʉ a- tʉmi adʒɛ

    I 2- beat you

    'I'm going to beat you'

    (8)

    I

    i-

    3-

    bring

    a-

    2-

    ri

    DAT

    i-

    3-

    ũ

    give

    adʒɛ

    you

    hʉ i- tɛ a- ri i- ũ adʒɛ

    I 3- bring 2- DAT 3- give you

    'I brought it to give to you'

    References

    [edit]

    Citations

    [edit]
    1. ^ a b DjeoromitxiatEthnologue (25th ed., 2022)
    Closed access icon
  • ^ Pires (1992), pp. 17.
  • ^ a b c Ribeiro & van der Voort (2010), pp. 531.
  • ^ Pires (1992), pp. 19.
  • ^ Pires (1992), pp. 20.
  • ^ Ribeiro & van der Voort (2010), pp. 532–533.
  • ^ Pires (1992), pp. 34.
  • ^ a b Ribeiro & van der Voort (2010), pp. 533.
  • ^ Pires (1992), pp. 68: Orthography and gloss adapted to match Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010)'s style.
  • ^ Pires (1992), pp. 96: Orthography and gloss adapted to match Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010)'s style.
  • ^ Ribeiro & van der Voort (2010), pp. 533–535.
  • Works cited

    [edit]
    [edit]
    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Djeoromitxí_language&oldid=1183277958"