The Ecclesiastical Province of Canada, founded in 1860, forms one of four ecclesiastical provinces in the Anglican Church of Canada (ACC). Despite modern use of the name Canada, the ecclesiastical province covers only the former territory of Lower Canada (i.e., southern and eastern Quebec), the Maritimes, and Newfoundland and Labrador. It once also included Upper Canada (Ontario), which was split off as the Ecclesiastical Province of Ontario in 1911.[1] The province comprises seven dioceses:
Ametropolitan, elected from among the province's diocesan bishops, heads each province of the Anglican Church of Canada. On election, this bishop then becomes archbishop of his or her diocese and metropolitan of the province. David Edwards, the Bishop of Fredericton, became the metropolitan of the Province of Canada in 2020.
From 1861 until 1870 the Bishop of Montreal served as metropolitan over the four dioceses of the then Province of Canada (i.e., Upper and Lower Canada – modern Ontario and Quebec). The province expanded in 1870 and 1871 to include New Brunswick and Nova Scotia.[2] After 1878 the role of metropolitan of the province of Canada became one elected from among the diocesan bishops of the province.[3]
| Order | Name | Diocese | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | Francis Fulford | Bishop of Montreal | 1861–1868 | |
| 2nd | Ashton Oxenden | Bishop of Montreal | 1869–1878 | |
| 3rd | John Medley | Bishop of Fredericton | 1879–1892 | |
| 4th | John Lewis | Archbishop of Ontario | 1893–1900 | |
| 5th | William Bond | Archbishop of Montreal | 1901–1906 | Primate of All Canada, 1904–1906 |
| 6th | Arthur Sweatman | Archbishop of Toronto | 1907–1909 | |
| 7th | Charles Hamilton | Archbishop of Ottawa | 1909–1912 | |
| 8th | Clarendon Worrell | Archbishop of Nova Scotia | 1915–1934 | Primate of All Canada, 1931–1934 |
| 9th | John Richardson | Archbishop of Fredericton | 1934–1938 | |
| 10th | John Hackenley | Archbishop of Nova Scotia | 1939–1943 | |
| 11th | Philip Carrington | Archbishop of Quebec | 1944–1960 | |
| 12th | John Dixon | Archbishop of Montreal | 1960–1962 | |
| 13th | Henry O'Neil | Archbishop of Fredericton | 1963–1972 | |
| 14th | William Davis | Archbishop of Nova Scotia | 1972–1975 | |
| 15th | Robert Seaborn | Archbishop of Newfoundland (later Archbishop of Eastern Newfoundland and Labrador) |
1975–1980 | |
| 16th | Harold Nutter | Archbishop of Fredericton | 1980–1989 | |
| 17th | Reginald Hollis | Archbishop of Montreal | 1989–1990 | |
| 18th | Stewart Payne | Archbishop of Western Newfoundland | 1990–1997 | |
| 19th | Arthur Peters | Archbishop of Nova Scotia | 1997–2002 | |
| 20th | Andrew Hutchison | Archbishop of Montreal | 2002–2004 | Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada, 2004–2007 |
| 21st | Bruce Stavert | Archbishop of Quebec | 2004–2009 | |
| 22nd | Claude Miller | Archbishop of Fredericton | 2009–2014 | |
| 23rd | Percy Coffin | Archbishop of Western Newfoundland | 2014–2017 | |
| 24th | Ronald Cutler | Archbishop of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island | 2017–2020 | |
| 25th | David Edwards | Archbishop of Fredericton | 2020–present |
