Cuthbert ButlerOSB (born Edward Joseph Aloysius Butler; 6 May 1858 – 2 April 1934)[1] was an Irish ecclesiastical historian much of whose career was spent as BenedictineofDownside Abbey in England. He was sometimes referred to as Dom Cuthbert Butler.[2][3]
Edward Joseph Aloysius Butler was born on 6 May 1858 in Dublin, Ireland, to Edward Butler (1812-1902) and Mary (Cruise) Butler.[7] His father was the first professor of mathematics at the Catholic University of Ireland, from 1854 to 1859, before and after that having worked for the Commission of National Education in Ireland.[8] His mother came from a Norman Irish Catholic family and was a sister of the eminent consulting physician Sir Francis Cruise.[7]
Butler was educated at Downside School, an English Benedictine school, from 1869 to 1875.[9] During his time at the school, he was greatly influenced by the Benedictine priest William Petre who, along with the prior, Bernard Murphy, advised him as he discerned his vocation.[10] As his parents did not want him to enter the Benedictine noviciate immediately after finishing at Downside, he spent a brief period at the short-lived Catholic University CollegeinKensington, London, as well as travelling throughout Europe.[10]
Butler entered the noviciate at Belmont AbbeyinHerefordshire in 1876.[11] Reflecting on his entry into the abbey in a manuscript written between 1891 and 1892, he wrote:
I went to Belmont towards the end of August, 1876, being just past 18. I had no notion whatever, not even the most rudimentary, of the nature of the religious state or the monastic life. I acted on a perfectly blind impulse; I felt a strong call to be a monk, but I had no clear idea of what was meant by being a monk ... I had no great attraction for church services or prayer; I was not drawn by affection for any of the monks; I was not flying from the dangers of the world – I knew nothing of them ... I entered the noviciate, my mind, as has been said, a perfect blank as to the mode of life I was embarking on. I remember shortly after my entrance saying to an old school friend among the juniors that I should not have been surprised at anything I found at Belmont – not even at perpetual abstinence or silence, or midnight office.[12]
He was ordained in 1884, the same year he got an MA from the University of London, under his birth name, and then became headmaster at Downside School. In 1896 he moved to Cambridge, and soon thereafter he founded Benet House there for Benedictines attending that university. He was a student at Christ's College, Cambridge, now using the name Edward Cuthbert Butler, and was awarded BA 1898 and MA 1903. In 1906 he was elected Abbot of Downside Abbey, a post he held until his resignation in 1922.
He spent the rest of his life preaching in London and writing the books for which he is now remembered, in particular Western Mysticism (1922) and The Vatican Council (1930). He had earlier contributed dozens of articles to the 11th edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica (1911).
He died at his home in London on 2 April 1934.[13]
Western Mysticism: The Teaching of SS Augustine Gregory and Bernard on Contemplation and the Contemplative Life. London: Constable & Co. 1922. LCCN23007246. OCLC3181182.
Benedictine Monachism: Studies in Benedictine Life and Rule (2nd ed.). London: Longmans, Green and Co. 1924.
The Life & Times of Bishop Ullathorne, 1806–1889. London: Burns, Oates, and Washbourne. 1926. LCCN26014362. OCLC4231977.
Religions of Authority and the Religion of the Spirit: With Other Essays, Apologetical and Critical. London: Sheed and Ward. 1930. OCLC5684267.
The Vatican Council: The Story from Inside in Bishop Ullathorne's Letters. London: Longmans, Green and Co. 1930. LCCN30022961. OCLC3393424.
Ways of Christian Life: Old Spirituality for Modern Men. London: Sheed and Ward. 1932. LCCN32022686. OCLC3553103.
Bellenger, Aidan (2000). "Butler, Cuthbert". In Johnston, William M. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Monasticism. Vol. 1. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. pp. 230–231. ISBN978-1-57958-090-2.
Butler, Cuthbert (1930). The Vatican Council: The Story from Inside in Bishop Ullathorne's Letters. London: Longmans, Green and Co. LCCN30022961. OCLC3393424.
Himmelfarb, Gertrude (1952). Lord Acton: A Study in Conscience and Politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Hulsman, John (2003). "About the Author". The Rule of Our Warfare: John Henry Newman and the True Christian Life. By Newman, John Henry. Hulsman, John (ed.). New York: Scepter Publishers. p. 195. ISBN978-1-889334-83-7.
Pahls, Michael J. G. (2009). "Development in the Service of Rectification: John Henry Newman's Understanding of the Schola Theologorum". In Parker, Kenneth L.; Pahls, Michael J. G. (eds.). Authority, Dogma, and History: The Role of the Oxford Movement Converts in the Papal Infallibility Debates. Bethesda, Maryland: Academica Press. pp. 195–211. ISBN978-1-933146-44-7.
