Jump to content
 







Main menu
   


Navigation  



Main page
Contents
Current events
Random article
About Wikipedia
Contact us
Donate
 




Contribute  



Help
Learn to edit
Community portal
Recent changes
Upload file
 








Search  

































Create account

Log in
 









Create account
 Log in
 




Pages for logged out editors learn more  



Contributions
Talk
 



















Contents

   



(Top)
 


1 Early life  





2 Military career  





3 Later life  





4 In popular culture  





5 References  














Faustin E. Wirkus






Català
Español
Français
Kreyòl ayisyen
مصرى

Polski
Português
Русский

 

Edit links
 









Article
Talk
 

















Read
Edit
View history
 








Tools
   


Actions  



Read
Edit
View history
 




General  



What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Cite this page
Get shortened URL
Download QR code
Wikidata item
 




Print/export  



Download as PDF
Printable version
 
















Appearance
   

 






From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 


Faustin II
King of La Gonâve
Reign18 July 1926 – 1929
Coronation18 July 1926
Co-monarchTi Memenne

Born26 November 1896 (1896-11-26)
Rypin, Greater Poland Province of the Polish Crown, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland
Died8 October 1945(1945-10-08) (aged 48)
Brooklyn, New York, United States
Burial
SpouseYula Fuller
Names
Faustin Edmond Wirkus
ReligionRoman Catholicism[1]
Military career
AllegianceUnited States
Service/branchUnited States Marine Corps
Years of service1915 - 1931 (first term of service)
1939 - 1945 (second term)
Rank Gunnery sergeant (upon original discharge in 1931)
Marine gunner (after reenlistment in 1939)
Battles/warsUnited States occupation of Haiti

Faustin Edmond Wirkus (Haitian Creole: (R)wa Faustin II Wirkus; 16 November 1896 – 8 October 1945)[2] was an American marine stationed in Haiti during the United States occupation of Haiti (1915–1934).[3][4] He was reputedly crowned Faustin II, King of La Gonâve, a Haitian island west of Hispaniola, by Queen Ti Memenne of La Gonâve on 18 July 1926, and co-ruled as monarch for 3 years until he was transferred by the United States Marine Corps to the United States mainland in 1929.[5]

Early life[edit]

According to an official biography,[5] Wirkus was born in 1896 in Rypin (Congress Poland, in the Russian Empire) a small town now in Poland, however, numerous ship passenger lists (records of the U.S. Customs Service) show his correct birth place as Pittston, Pennsylvania.[6] He and his parents settled in Dupont, Pennsylvania, a coal mining community northwest of Wilkes-Barre, where he was raised.[5] At the age of 11, he started sorting coal in Pittston.

Military career[edit]

Location of the island of La Gonâve, west of Port-au-Prince, Haiti

Wirkus enlisted in the US Marine Corps in 1915 and served in the 1st Advance Base Brigade in Haiti and rose to the rank of corporal in 1918 then to gunnery sergeant in 1920.[7] During his service in the Marine Corps, he was promoted to a lieutenant in the Garde d'Haiti, commanding a squad of native troops on La Gonâve. After rescuing a young woman in trouble, he found out that she was Queen Timemenne of La Gonâve. He was welcomed by the population as Timemenne had told them how kind he was to her, and in part, due to the unusual circumstance that he had the same first name as the former emperor of Haiti, Faustin Soulouque, later known as Faustin I ("Faustin the First"), who died in 1867. Somewhat bizarrely, the natives proclaimed him Faustin II in a Voodoo ritual[8] and he ruled jointly with Queen Timemenne for three years.[5][8][9] He became known for dispensing ready but gentle justice.[10]

Later life[edit]

Wirkus left the Marine Corps in 1931[11] as a gunnery sergeant. He returned to the Marine Corps in 1939 as a recruiting specialist where he rose to the rank of marine gunner.[7][12] In 1944 he was appointed an aviation gunnery instructor at the Chapel Hill, North Carolina Navy Pre-Flight School. He died at the Brooklyn Naval Hospital.[13]

Wirkus is buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia.[14]

In popular culture[edit]

Wirkus wrote an autobiographical account of his time in Haiti, with Taney Dudley and an introduction by William Seabrook, entitled The White King of La Gonave: The True Story of the Sergeant of Marines Who Was Crowned King on a Voodoo Island, published by Doubleday, Doran and Company, Inc. in 1931.[5][8] Seabrook also published Wirkus' account of the occupation in his travel narrative, The Magic Island.[15]

A 1933 featurette titled Voodoo produced by Sol Lesser featured Wirkus telling his story.[16]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Rowe, John Carlos (2000). Literary Culture and U.S. Imperialism: From the Revolution to World War II. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198030119.
  • ^ Fausten (sic) Wirkus. "New York, New York, Death Index, 1862-1948". Ancestry.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  • ^ "Marine King". TIME. 26 January 1931. Archived from the original on 15 December 2008. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  • ^ Marine Corps Institute (U.S.)., Leatherneck Association, Marine Corps Association Volume 62 1979 [1]
  • ^ a b c d e Crumley, Beth (29 August 2011). "Warrant Officer Faustin Wirkus: From 'Breaker Boy' to King". Marine Corps Association and Foundation. Marine Corps Association. Archived from the original on 17 July 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  • ^ Faustin E. Wirkus. "New York, Passenger Lists, 1820-1957". Ancestry.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  • ^ a b "Wirkus, Faustin, WO". Roll of Honor. TogetherWeServed. Archived from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  • ^ a b c Wirkus, Faustin E.; Dudley, Taney (2015) [1931]. The White King of La Gonâve: The True Story of the Sergeant of Marines Who Was Crowned King on a Voodoo Island. Introduction by William E. Seabrook and a new introduction by Sam Sloan. New York: Ishi Press. p. 333. ISBN 978-4871872393.
  • ^ Department of the Navy -Naval Historical Society Archived 8 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  • ^ Rotberg, Robert I.; Clague, Christopher K. (1971). Haiti: The Politics of Squalor. Houghton Mifflin.
  • ^ Ferguson, James (July 2015). "Faustin Wirkus: for king and country?". Caribbean Beat. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  • ^ Myers, Robert H. (26 February 1944). "Marine Sergeant Who Was King Of 12,000 Natives on Voodoo Isle". Cambridge Sentinel. Vol. XXXIX, no. 9. Cambridge, MA. p. 7. Archived from the original on 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  • ^ United Mine Workers Journal, 15 November 1945
  • ^ Faustin Edmond Wirkus - WARR OFF US Marine Corps. "U.S. Veterans Gravesites, ca.1775-2006". Ancestry.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  • ^ Renda, Mary A. (2001). Taking Haiti: Military Occupation and the Culture of U.S. Imperialism, 1915-1940. University of North Carolina Press. p. 4. ISBN 9780807862186. Archived from the original on 18 April 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
  • ^ "Voodoo". IMDb. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  • t
  • e

  • Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faustin_E._Wirkus&oldid=1214141980"

    Categories: 
    1896 births
    1948 deaths
    United States Marines
    Monarchs of Haiti
    20th-century monarchs in North America
    Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
    People from Pittston, Pennsylvania
    American people of Polish descent
    Monarchs who abdicated
    Catholics from Pennsylvania
    Military personnel from Pennsylvania
    Royalty stubs
    Hidden categories: 
    Webarchive template wayback links
    Use dmy dates from June 2022
    Articles with short description
    Short description is different from Wikidata
    Pages using infobox military person with embed
    Articles containing Haitian Creole-language text
    Articles with ISNI identifiers
    Articles with VIAF identifiers
    Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers
    Articles with BNF identifiers
    Articles with BNFdata identifiers
    Articles with LCCN identifiers
    Articles with PLWABN identifiers
    Articles with SUDOC identifiers
    All stub articles
     



    This page was last edited on 17 March 2024, at 05:33 (UTC).

    Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.



    Privacy policy

    About Wikipedia

    Disclaimers

    Contact Wikipedia

    Code of Conduct

    Developers

    Statistics

    Cookie statement

    Mobile view



    Wikimedia Foundation
    Powered by MediaWiki