Afoe is a unit of energy equal to 1044 joules or 1051 ergs, used to express the large amount of energy released by a supernova.[1] An acronym for "[ten to the powerof] fifty-oneergs",[2] the term was introduced by Gerald E. BrownofStony Brook University in his work with Hans Bethe, because "it came up often enough in our work".[3]
Without mentioning the foe, Steven Weinberg proposed in 2006 "a new unit called the bethe" (B) with the same value, to "replace" it.[4]
This unit of measure is convenient because a supernova typically releases about one foe of observable energy in a very short period (which can be measured in seconds). In comparison, if the Sun's current luminosity is the same as its average luminosity over its lifetime, it would release 3.827×1026 W × 3.1536×107 s/yr × 1010 yr ≈ 1.2 foe. One solar mass has a rest mass energy of 1787 foe.
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